nguRay Chan / Kugcine ukubuyekezwa Agasti 10, 2023 / I-RF Tech Guides

 

Imishini yesiteshi somsakazo ngokuvamile ibhekisela ekuqoqweni kwehadiwe nesofthiwe esetshenziswa ekusebenzeni kwesiteshi somsakazo, ngaphandle kokunaka ubuchwepheshe obuthile bokusakaza. Nakuba iziteshi zomsakazo ngokuvamile zibhekisela ekusakazeni kwe-FM ne-AM, okokusebenza kwesiteshi somsakazo kungafaka nezinto ezisetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo zokusakaza zomsakazo, njengomsakazo we-inthanethi, umsakazo wesathelayithi, noma umsakazo wedijithali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini yesiteshi somsakazo ingahlanganisa nemishini ehlobene nokusakaza kukamabonakude, njengemishini yokukhiqiza okulalelwayo nevidiyo esetshenziswa kuma-studio we-TV noma imishini yokusakaza yokusakaza kwe-TV. Empeleni, imishini yesiteshi somsakazo ihlanganisa amathuluzi nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokusakaza emsakazweni, ezibhekelela izidingo ezithile zesiteshi kanye nomkhakha waso wokusakaza okhethiwe.

 

 

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlela ukusungula isiteshi somsakazo esisha noma ufuna isiqondiso ekukhetheni okokusebenza okubalulekile, uhlu lwezisetshenziswa ezilandelayo olusekelwe egunjini lesiteshi somsakazo elivamile lunganikeza usizo olubalulekile. Uhlu luzohlukaniswa lube izingxenye ezimbalwa, oluhambisana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini esetshenziswa ekamelweni elivamile lempahla yokubeka esiteshini somsakazo. Ake sibheke.

 

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Izixazululo Ezinwetshiwe

  

I-Single-Frequency Network (SFN)

I-Single-Frequency Network (SFN) iyi- inethiwekhi yezithumeli ezivumelanisiwe ezisakaza ngefrikhwensi efanayo futhi zinikeze ukusabalala endaweni ethile. Ngokungafani namanethiwekhi wendabuko we-multi-frequency lapho umthumeli ngamunye esebenza khona ngemvamisa ehlukile, ama-SFN asebenzisa isikhathi esivumelanisiwe kanye nesigaba sesignali ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amasignali adlulisiwe aqinisa omunye nomunye esikhundleni sokubangela ukuphazamiseka.

 

 

Asebenza kanjani amanethiwekhi e-Single-Frequency?

 

Ama-SFN asebenza ngokusakaza okuqukethwe okufanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa kusuka kubathumeli abaningi ngefrikhwensi efanayo. Ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwamasignali, ama-transmitters avumelaniswa ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amasignali awo adlulisiwe afika kubamukeli abanomehluko omncane wesikhathi. Lokhu kuvumelanisa kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho besignali edlulisiwe kanye nokuzuza ukumbozwa okungenamthungo kuyo yonke indawo ye-SFN.

 

Abamukeli endaweni ye-SFN bathola amasiginali avela kuma-transmitters amaningi, futhi amasignali atholiwe ahlangana ngokwakhayo, athuthukisa amandla esignali jikelele. Lokhu kuqiniswa kusiza ukunqoba imikhawulo yokumboza futhi kunikeza ukwamukelwa okungaguquki nokuthembekile kuyo yonke indawo yokufakwa kwe-SFN.

 

Ukukhetha inethiwekhi ye-Single-Frequency

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha i-SFN:

 

1. Indawo Yokupheka: Nquma indawo yendawo ohlose ukuyihlanganisa ne-SFN. Hlola ukuminyana kwabantu, i-topography, nanoma yiziphi izithiyo ezingase zibe nomthelela ekusakazweni kwesignali. Lolu lwazi luzosiza ekunqumeni inombolo kanye nendawo yama-transmitter adingekayo ukuze kufakwe ngempumelelo.
2. Ukuvumelanisa Kwe-Transmitter: Qinisekisa ukuthi ama-transmitters e-SFN angavumelaniswa ngokunembile ukuze kuncishiswe umehluko wesikhathi futhi kuzuzwe inhlanganisela yesignali eyakhayo. Izindlela zokuvumelanisa eziqinile kanye nobuchwepheshe bubalulekile ekugcineni amasignali ahambisanayo kuyo yonke inethiwekhi.
3. Ukuphathwa Kwemvamisa: Qondisa ukusetshenziswa kwefrikhwensi futhi ulawule ukuphazamiseka okungaba khona nabanye abasakazi noma amasevisi asebenza kubhendi yefrikhwensi efanayo. Ukuthobela imihlahlandlela yokulawula kanye nokuthola amalayisense afanelekile kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-SFN.
4. Izinto zokudlulisa: Khetha ama-transmitters nezinto ezihambisana nazo ezikwazi ukuletha amandla okukhiphayo adingekayo, ikhwalithi yesiginali, namandla okuvumelanisa. Cabangela izici ezifana nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukungafuneki, kanye nobukhulu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo.
5. Ukuhlela Nokuthuthukisa Inethiwekhi: Bandakanya ekuhleleni okuphelele kwenethiwekhi nokwenza ngcono ukuze uqinisekise ukubekwa okufanele kwesithumeli, ukukhetha izinti, kanye nokuqagela kokufakwa kwesignali. Sebenzisa amathuluzi namamodeli abikezelayo ukuze uhlole amandla esignali, ukuphazamiseka, kanye nezikhala ezingase zibe khona.
6. Ukunakekela nokuqapha: Sungula izinqubo zokunakekelwa okujwayelekile, ukuqapha, nokuxazulula izinkinga zenethiwekhi ye-SFN. Amandla okuqapha okukude kanye nezinqubo zokulungisa ezisebenzayo kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula.

N+1 Uhlelo

Isistimu ye-N+1 ibhekisela ku ukucushwa kwe-redundancy lapho i-N imele inani lezingxenye zokusebenza ezidingekayo, futhi ingxenye eyengeziwe (+1) ifakiwe njengesipele noma okubekwe eceleni. Injongo yesistimu ye-N+1 iwukunikeza umthamo wokusekelayo noma ukuphinda usetshenziswe, okuvumela ukusebenza okungenazihibe esimweni sokwehluleka noma ukunakekelwa kwengxenye eyinhloko eyodwa noma ngaphezulu.

 

 

Isebenza kanjani i-N+1 System?

 

Ohlelweni lwe-N+1, izakhi eziyinhloko, njengama-transmitter noma ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezibalulekile, zisethelwa ukuphatha umsebenzi ojwayelekile. Ingxenye eyengeziwe yokugcina ikhophi (+1) igcinwa kumodi yokulinda, ilungele ukuthatha uma noma yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zehluleka noma zidinga ukunakekelwa. Lokhu kuphelelwa umsebenzi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula.

 

Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka noma isigameko sokulungiswa, ingxenye eyisipele ishintshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo noma mathupha isebenze, ithathe umthwalo womsebenzi wengxenye ehlulekile noma engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kushintsha kungenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezizenzakalelayo ze-failover, ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili, kuye ngokusetha okuqondile nezimfuneko zohlelo lwe-N+1.

 

Ukukhetha i-N+1 System

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha isistimu ye-N+1:

 

1. Izingxenye Ezibalulekile: Khomba izingxenye ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwakho lokusakaza ezidinga ukungasasebenzi. Lokhu kungafaka izithumeli, izinsiza zikagesi, amaphrosesa alalelwayo, nanoma yimuphi omunye umshini obalulekile wokusebenza okuqhubekayo.
2. Izidingo Zokungadingeki: Nquma izinga lokungaphelelwa amandla elidingekayo ohlelweni lwakho lokusakaza. Hlola umthelela ongaba khona wokwehluleka kwengxenye futhi unqume inani lezingxenye eziyisipele ezidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki. Cabangela izici ezinjengokubucayi kwengxenye, amathuba okuhluleka, nezinga elifiswayo lokungaqedi umsebenzi.
3. Okuzenzakalelayo vs. Ukushintsha Mathupha: Nquma ukuthi ingabe isistimu ye-N+1 idinga izindlela ezizenzakalelayo ze-failiver noma ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla ekushintsheni ingxenye. Ukushintsha okuzenzakalelayo kunganikeza izikhathi zokuphendula ngokushesha futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuphumula, kuyilapho ukushintsha okwenziwa ngesandla kuvumela ukulawula nokuqinisekisa okwengeziwe.
4. Ukuhambisana Nokuhlanganiswa: Qinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye eziyisipele ohlelweni lwe-N+1 ziyahambisana futhi zihlangana kalula nezingxenye eziyinhloko. Cabangela izici ezifana nezixhumi, amaphrothokholi, nokulawula ukuxhumana ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana nokusebenza okufanele.
5. Ukuqapha kanye Nezaziso: Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha nezixwayiso eziqinile ukuze uqaphe ngenkuthalo isimo sazo zombili izingxenye eziyisisekelo neziyisipele. Lokhu kusiza ekutholeni kusenesikhathi ukwehluleka noma izidingo zokunakekelwa, okuvumela ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokushintsha okufanele ohlelweni lwe-N+1.
6. Ukunakekela nokuhlola: Misa amashejuli okulungisa avamile azo zombili izingxenye eziyinhloko nezisekelayo. Yenza ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile nokuqinisekisa ingxenye/izingxenye eziyisipele ukuze uqinisekise ukulungela nokwethembeka kwazo lapho kudingeka ohlelweni lwe-N+1.

 

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Sakaza Ama-Transmitter

 

Izithutha zokusakaza ziyinhliziyo yeziteshi zomsakazo nethelevishini, ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokudlulisa amasignali alalelwayo nevidiyo kubabukeli abaningi. Baqinisekisa ukulethwa kokuqukethwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngamagagasi omoya emisakazweni namathelevishini ezindlini nasezimotweni. Ama-transmitters okusakaza ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ama-transmitters omsakazo we-FM, ama-AM transmitters, nama-TV okusakaza. Ake sihlole lezi zinhlobo kanye nokubaluleka kwazo embonini yezokusakaza.

 

1. Ama-FM Broadcast Transmitters: Izisakazi ze-FM (Frequency Modulation) zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekusakazeni umsakazo. Badlulisa amasiginali omsindo ngebhendi ye-FM, banikeze umsindo ocacile nothembekile kubalaleli. Abasakazi be-FM bashintsha imvamisa yenkampani yenethiwekhi ngesignali yomsindo, okuvumela inhlobonhlobo yamafrikhwensi nokudluliswa kwe-stereo. Ukusakazwa kwe-FM kudume ngekhwalithi yako ephezulu yomsindo, okuyenza ifanelekele iziteshi zomculo, izinhlelo zezingxoxo, nezinye izinhlelo zomsakazo. >>Funda Kabanzi
2. Ama-AM Transmitters: Izisakazi ze-AM (Amplitude Modulation) zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusakazweni komsakazo we-AM. Balungisa i-amplitude yefrikhwensi yenkampani yenethiwekhi ngesignali yomsindo ukudlulisa izwi nomculo. Ukusakaza kwe-AM kunomlando omude futhi kusaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kabanzi ezindabeni, izinhlelo zezingxoxo, ezemidlalo, nokunye okuqukethwe. Ama-transmitters e-AM anendawo ebanzi kodwa asengozini enkulu ekuphazamisekeni komoya, okuwenza afanelekele ukuthunyelwa kwebanga elide nokulalela ebusuku. >>Funda Kabanzi
3. Ama-Transmitter okusakaza kwe-TV: Abasakazi bokusakazwa kwe-TV bakha umgogodla wokusakaza kumabonakude. Badlulisela amasignali alalelwayo nama-video emoyeni kumathelevishini, okwenza izibukeli zikwazi ukubuka izinhlelo ezizithandayo. Abasakazi be-TV basebenzisa amasu ahlukene okushintshashintsha, njengedijithali (ATSC) noma i-analog (NTSC), kuye ngamazinga okusakaza esifunda esithile. Ama-transmitters e-TV amboza imvamisa ebanzi futhi adinga amazinga aphezulu wamandla ukuze afinyelele indawo ekhavayo efiselekayo. >>Funda Kabanzi

 

Ngokungeziwe kuma-FM, AM, kanye nezisakazi zokusakaza ze-TV, ezinye izinhlobo zokusakaza zikhona ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-transmitter omsakazo wedijithali (isb, i-DAB, i-HD Radio), ama-shortwave transmitters, nama-satellite uplink transmitters ukuze asakaze ngamasathelayithi. Lawa ma-transmitters abhekelela izidingo ezithile zokusakaza kanye nobuchwepheshe, anikeza izinketho ezinwetshiwe zokuletha okuqukethwe kubabukeli abahlukahlukene.

 

Ama-transmitters okusakaza aklanywe ngokucophelela, ahlanganisa nobuchwepheshe obuphambili ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yesiginali, ukumbozwa, nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokulawula. Ngokuvamile zihlanganiswa nezimpondo ukuze zikhiphe amasignali esikhaleni ukuze zamukelwe ngomsakazo noma izimpondo ze-TV.

I-FM Radio Transmitter

Umsakazi we-FM udlala indima ebalulekile ekuthwebuleni umsindo esiteshini somsakazo futhi awusakaze ngothi lwe-FM uye endaweni ekhethiwe yokwamukela umsakazo. Lesi sidlulisi singaba idivayisi ye-elekthronikhi ehlukile noma isekethe ngaphakathi kwesinye isisetshenziswa se-elekthronikhi. Lapho isidluliseli nomamukeli kuhlanganiswa iyunithi eyodwa, kubizwa ngokuthi ama-transceivers. Embhalweni wezobuchwepheshe, igama elithi "transmitter" livame ukufushaniswa njengokuthi "XMTR" noma "TX". Inhloso eyinhloko yabathumeli ukusiza ukuxhumana ngolwazi lomsakazo ngebanga elithile.

 

 

Ngabe isebenza kanjani i-FM Radio Transmitter?

 

Ukuze kudluliselwe ulwazi, umthumeli uthola amasignali e-elekthronikhi, njengezimpawu zomsindo (umsindo) ezivela kumbhobho, amasignali evidiyo (i-TV) avela kukhamera, noma amasignali edijithali avela kukhompuyutha uma kuyizisetshenziswa zenethiwekhi ezingenantambo. I-transmitter ihlanganisa isignali yolwazi nesignali yefrikhwensi yomsakazo ukukhiqiza amaza omsakazo, aziwa ngokuthi isignali yenkampani yenethiwekhi. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-modulation. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-transmitter zisebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ukwengeza ulwazi kusiginali yenkampani yenethiwekhi. Isibonelo, kuma-AM transmitters, imininingwane yengezwa ngokushintsha i-amplitude, kuyilapho kuma-FM transmitters, ifinyelelwa ngokushintsha imvamisa kancane. Kukhona nezinye izindlela eziningi zokuguquguquka ezisetshenziswayo.

 

Isignali yomsakazo ekhiqizwa isidluliseli ibe isiqondiswa othini, olukhipha amandla ngendlela yamaza omsakazo. I-antenna ingavaleka ngaphakathi kwendlu yesithumeli noma ixhumeke ngaphandle, njengoba kubonakala kumadivayisi aphathekayo afana nomakhalekhukhwini, ama-walkie-talkies, nezivula zezicabha zegaraji. Kuma-transmitters anamandla kakhudlwana, uthi imvamisa itholakala phezulu kwesakhiwo noma umbhoshongo ohlukile, oxhunywe kusidlulisi ngomshini wokuphakelayo, noma ngomugqa wokudlulisela.

 

Abasakazi be-FM bahlukaniswe amandla aphansi, amandla aphakathi, namandla aphezulu ngokusekelwe emandleni abo okukhipha. Isigaba ngasinye sinezinjongo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Nakhu okufingqiwe kwalezi zigaba zomsakazo we-FM:

 

1. Ama-Transmitter Amandla Aphansi we-FM: Ama-FM anamandla aphansi ngokuvamile anebanga lamandla aphumayo lama-watts ambalwa ukuya kumashumi ama-watts. Zivame ukusetshenziswa eziteshini zomsakazo zomphakathi, ukusakazwa kwezinga elincane, imicimbi yendawo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-niche. Lawa ma-transmitters ahlangene ngosayizi futhi anikeza izixazululo ezingabizi kakhulu ezindaweni ezikhawulelwe zokuhlanganisa. Izisakazi ze-FM ezinamandla aphansi zilungele ukusakazwa kwebanga elifushane, njengaphakathi komakhelwane noma ikhampasi encane.
2. Ama-Medium Power FM Transmitters: Ama-FM anamandla amaphakathi anamandla okukhipha aphezulu, asukela emashumini ambalwa kuya kumakhulu ama-watts. Zakhelwe iziteshi zomsakazo zesifunda kanye nezindawo ezisakazwayo ezidinga ibanga lokusakaza elimaphakathi. Ama-Midium-power transmitter anikeza amandla esignali athuthukisiwe kanye nokufakwa uma kuqhathaniswa nama-transmitter anamandla aphansi, okuwenza afanelekele izifunda ezibanzi zendawo. Avame ukusetshenziswa abasakazi bezifunda, izikhungo zemfundo, kanye neziteshi zomsakazo ezincane kuya ezimaphakathi.
3. Ama-High Power FM Transmitters: Ama-transmitters anamandla amakhulu akhelwe ukusakazwa kwezentengiselwano futhi anikezela ngezindawo ezinkulu ezikhavayo ezinenani eliphezulu labalaleli. Anamandla okukhipha aphezulu kakhulu, asukela kuma-watts angamakhulu ambalwa kuya kuma-kilowatts noma ama-kilowatts amaningi. Ama-transmitters anamandla amakhulu asetshenziswa iziteshi zomsakazo ezinkulu kanye namanethiwekhi okusakaza ukuze afinyelele ezindaweni ezibanzi zendawo. Lawa ma-transmitters adinga ingqalasizinda ethuthuke kakhudlwana, amasistimu ama-antenna amakhulu, nokuhambisana nezidingo zokulawula zokusakaza kwezentengiso.

 

Amandla okukhiphayo ayisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ububanzi bokukhava kanye nezilaleli ezifinyelela umsakazi we-FM. Usayizi, intengo, kanye nokucaciswa kwezisakazi ze-FM kuyehluka phakathi kwesigaba samandla ngasinye, kuye ngezici ezifiselekayo kanye nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza oluthile.

 

Lapho ukhetha isidluliseli se-FM, kubalulekile ukucabangela isigaba samandla esiqondana kangcono nendawo ehloselwe ukukhava, njengendawo encane noma isifunda sonke. Ukwengeza, izici ezifana nemikhawulo yokulawula, imikhawulo yesabelomali, nekhwalithi yomsindo efiswayo kufanele kucatshangelwe. Ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezimboni nokunamathela emithethweni yokusakaza yasendaweni kuzosiza ekukhetheni umsakazi we-FM ofaneleka kakhulu wohlelo oluthile lokusakaza.

 

Ama-FM Transmitters anconyelwe wena

 

I-Lower Power FM Transmitter Efinyelela ku-100W	I-Medium Power FM Transmitter Efinyelela ku-1000W	High Power FM Transmitter Afinyelela ku-10kW

 

Ukulungisa Izingxenye Nezingxenye Ezishintshayo Ku-FM Broadcast Transmitters

Lapho umsakazi we-FM efa noma engasebenzi kahle, ngokuvamile udinga ukuthi izingxenye ezithile zilungiswe noma zishintshwe. Esimweni sokusakaza komsakazo we-FM, "izingxenye zokulungisa" kanye "nezingxenye ezishintshayo" ngokuvamile zibhekisela entweni efanayo, okuyizinto noma amamojula asetshenziselwa ukulungisa noma ukufaka esikhundleni sezingxenye ezinephutha ngaphakathi komthumeli.

 

Ukulungisa Izingxenye

 

Izingxenye ezilungisayo ziyizinto ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa izinkinga ezithile noma amaphutha kumsakazi we-FM. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa lapho ingxenye yokuqala ingakhandwa, kunokuba ishintshwe ngokuphelele. Izingxenye zokulungisa zingabandakanya izinto ezifana nalezi:

 

1. Izingxenye zebhodi lesifunda: Lawa angaqukatha ama-capacitor, resistors, transistors, ama-integrated circuits (ICs), ama-diode, nezinye izakhi ze-elekthronikhi. Uma noma iyiphi yalezi zingxenye ihluleka noma yonakala, ingashintshwa ngazinye, konga isikhathi nezindleko uma kuqhathaniswa nokushintsha ibhodi lesifunda lonke.
2. Izixhumanisi: Izixhumi amaphuzu avamile okwehluleka ezinhlelweni zokudlulisela. Benza lula ukuxhumana kukagesi phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene kanye nezintambo. Izixhumi ezingalungile zingadala ukulahleka kwesignali, ukuxhumeka kwezikhawu, noma ezinye izinkinga. Ukushintsha lezi zixhumi ngokuvamile kungaxazulula inkinga.
3. Izingxenye zokuphakelwa kwamandla: Ama-Transmitter ancike emithonjeni yamandla ezinzile nethembekile. Ukulungisa izingxenye ezihlobene nezingxenye zokuphakela amandla kungase kuhlanganise izilungisi, izilawuli zikagesi, amafuse, nama-transformer. Ukushintsha izingxenye zokuphakela amandla ezingalungile kungabuyisela ukusebenza okufanele kumthumeli.

 

Ama-High Power RF Transistors anconyelwe Wena

  

Idatha ye-150W MRFE6VP5150N	300W MRFE6VP6300H	600W MRFE6VP5600H	1000W BLF188XR

 

Izingxenye zokufaka esikhundleni

 

Izingxenye ezishintshayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zisetshenziswa lapho ukulungisa ingxenye enephutha kungenzeki noma kusebenze ngokwezomnotho. Ezimweni ezinjalo, yonke ingxenye ithathelwa indawo entsha. Izingxenye ezishintshayo zingafaka:

 

1. Izikhulisamandla: Lezi yizinto ezibalulekile kuma-transmitters omsakazo we-FM, anesibopho sokukhulisa isignali ezingeni lamandla elifiswayo. Uma isikhulisi samandla sihluleka, ngokuvamile sidinga ukushintshwa ngokuphelele, njengoba ukusilungisa kungase kungenzeki noma kubize kakhulu.
2. Ama-frequency synthesizer: Ama-frequency synthesizer asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imvamisa yenkampani yenethiwekhi kuma-transmitters omsakazo we-FM. Uma i-frequency synthesizer ingasebenzi kahle, ngokuvamile idinga ukushintshwa kunokulungiswa.
3. Amamojula okushintshashintsha noma wokucubungula umsindo: Lawa mamojula aphatha imisebenzi yokushintshashintsha nokucutshungulwa komsindo kuma-transmitters e-FM. Uma inephutha, ingase idinge ukushintshwa ukuze kubuyiselwe ikhwalithi yomsindo efanele nokusebenza kokushintshashintsha.

 

Ama-High Power RF Transistors anconyelwe Wena

  

350W/600W/1KW ochungechungeni lwe-FMT2	150W/350W/600W/1KW ochungechungeni lwe-FMT3	200 Watts for FU-200A	I-1000W ye-FU-1000D

I-1000W ye-FU-1000C	I-150W ye-FMT5-150H	350W / 600W / 1000W ye-FSN5.0 & FMT5 Series

 

Ama-AM Transmitters

Izidluliseli ze-AM zikhiqiza amasiginali we-AM, lapho ukuphakama kwegagasi lesithwali kuguqulwa khona ukuze kudluliselwe ulwazi lomsindo noma lwedatha. Lawa ma-transmitters avame ukusetshenziswa ekusakazweni komsakazo we-AM, ezokuxhumana ngendiza, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukudluliswa kwebanga elide kwamasignali e-AM. >>Funda Kabanzi

 

 

Asebenza kanjani ama-AM Transmitters?

 

Ama-AM transmitters ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:

 

1. I-Oscillator yenkampani: I-oscillator yenkampani yenethiwekhi ikhiqiza isignali yenkampani yenethiwekhi, ngokuvamile okuyi-high-frequency sinusoidal waveform.
2. Umthombo Wokushintshashintsha: Umthombo wokuguquguqula uhlinzeka ngomsindo noma isignali yedatha ezodluliswa. Lesi siginali sishintsha ukuphakama kwegagasi lesithwali.
3. Imodyuli: Imoduli ihlanganisa isignali yenkampani yenethiwekhi nomthombo wokumodulisa. Ilungisa ubude besignali yenkampani yenethiwekhi ngokuhambisana nomsindo noma isignali yedatha, idale isignali ye-AM.
4. Isihlelamandla: Isikhulisi samandla sikhulisa isignali ye-AM eshintshiwe ibe ileveli yamandla efanelekile ukuze idluliselwe.
5. I-Antenna: I-antenna inesibopho sokukhipha isignali ye-AM ekhulisiwe esikhaleni ukuze yamukelwe abamukeli abahlosiwe.

 

Isidluliseli se-AM sisebenza ngokushintsha i-amplitude yegagasi lenkampani yenethiwekhi ngokuhambisana nomsindo noma isignali yedatha. Le nqubo yokushintshashintsha ihlanganisa ulwazi kusiginali yenkampani yenethiwekhi, ivumela ukuthi idluliselwe amabanga amade. Ekupheleni kokwamukela, umamukeli we-AM wehlisa isignali ye-AM eyamukelwe ukuze kubuyiselwe umsindo wokuqala noma isignali yedatha.

 

Ukukhetha AM Transmitters

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha ama-AM transmitters:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Nquma ububanzi befrikhwensi edingekayo ekudluliseni kwakho kwe-AM. Khetha isidlulisi se-AM esimboza ibanga elithile lemvamisa yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
2. Okukhipha amandla: Linganisa izidingo zokuphuma kwamandla okudlulisela kwakho. Khetha isidlulisi se-AM esingahlinzeka ngeleveli yamandla oyifunayo kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ucabangela izici ezifana nobubanzi nokufakwa kwesignali.
3. Amandla Wokushintsha: Cabangela amandla okushintsha isidlulisi se-AM. Nquma ukuthi ingabe iyalusekela yini uhlelo lokuguquguqula oludingekayo kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, olufana ne-AM evamile noma okuhlukile okufana ne-DSB (Double Sideband) noma i-SSB (I-Single Sideband).
4. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Hlola ikhwalithi yomsindo ehlinzekwa yisidlulisi se-AM. Bheka izici ezifana nokuhlanekezela okuphansi, isilinganiso esihle sesignali-kuya-nomsindo, nenzuzo yomsindo elungisekayo ukuze uqinisekise ukudluliswa komsindo okucacile nekhwalithi ephezulu.
5. Ukuthembeka Nokuqina: Cabangela ukuthembeka nokuqina kwesithumeli se-AM. Bheka isidlulisi esakhiwe kahle, esiqinile esingamelana nezimo zemvelo futhi sinikeze ukusebenza okungaguquki.
6. Ukuhambisana Namazinga: Qinisekisa ukuthi isidluliseli se-AM sithobelana namazinga nemithetho yemboni efanele endaweni yangakini.

 

Ama-Transmitters e-AM Wekhwalithi Ephezulu Anconyelwe Wena

  

1KW AM Transmitter	3KW AM Transmitter	5KW AM Transmitter	10KW AM Transmitter
25KW AM Transmitter	50KW AM Transmitter	100KW AM Transmitter	200KW AM Transmitter

Ama-TV Transmitters

Ama-transmitters kamabonakude izinto zikagesi ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhiqiza nokudlulisa amasignali kamabonakude. Baguqula amasiginali alalelwayo nawevidiyo abe amagagasi kazibuthe kagesi angamukelwa ngezinti zethelevishini. Ama-transmitters kamabonakude asetshenziswa eziteshini zokusakaza zikamabonakude ukuze adlulisele izinhlelo zikamabonakude kubabukeli abaningi.

 

 

Asebenza Kanjani Ama-TV Transmitters?

 

Izihambisi ze-TV zithola izimpawu zomsindo nevidiyo emthonjeni, njengesitudiyo sikamabonakude noma okuphakelayo kwesathelayithi. Amasiginali omsindo nevidiyo ayashintshwa, lapho ulwazi lubhalwa ngekhodi kumagagasi enkampani yenethiwekhi. Igagasi elithwalayo livamise ukuba sebangeni lefrikhwensi ye-UHF (Ultra High Frequency) noma ye-VHF (Very High Frequency), kuye ngamazinga okusakaza asetshenziswa endaweni ethile.

 

Izimpawu zomsindo nevidiyo ezishintshiwe zibe sezikhuliswa isigaba sesikhulisi samandla sesidlulisi siye ezingeni lamandla elifunekayo ukuze sidluliselwe. Amasignali akhulisiwe afakwa emugqeni wokudlulisela, ngokuvamile intambo ye-coaxial noma i-waveguide, exhuma ku-antenna. I-antenna ikhipha isignali emkhathini ukuze yamukelwe ngezimpondo ze-TV ezindlini noma kwamanye amadivaysi amukelayo.

 

Abasakazi be-TV kufanele bahambisane nezindinganiso zokulawula kanye nezici zokusakaza ezibekwe yiziphathimandla ezifanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yesiginali, ukusabalala, kanye nokuhambisana nokwabiwa kwamafrikhwensi.

 

Ukukhetha ama-TV Transmitters

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha ama-transmitter we-TV:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Nquma ububanzi befrikhwensi edingekayo ekudlulisweni kwe-TV. Izifunda ezihlukene kanye namazinga okusakaza angase abe nezabelo ezithile zefrikhwensi zokusakaza kwe-TV. Khetha i-TV transmitter efaka ububanzi befrikhwensi egunyazwe iziphathimandla ezilawulayo.
2. Amandla okudlulisa: Linganisa izimfuneko zamandla okudluliselwa kwe-TV yakho. Cabangela izici ezifana nendawo yokumbozwa, amandla esignali afiswayo, kanye nohlobo lwezwe endaweni ekhavayo. Khetha i-transmitter enamandla aphumayo afanelekile ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zakho ezithile.
3. I-Frequency Agility: Uma isiteshi sakho se-TV sidinga ukusebenza kumashaneli amaningi noma amabhendi efrikhwensi, cabangela isidluliseli se-TV esinekhono lokuvama. Ama-transmitters asebenzisa imvamisa avumela ukuguquguquka ekukhethweni kwesiteshi futhi angakwazi ukwamukela izinguquko ezabelweni zemvamisa noma izinhlelo zesiteshi.
4. Amazinga Wokushintshashintsha: Nquma amazinga okushintshashintsha adingekayo ekusakazeni kwe-TV endaweni yangakini. Izindinganiso ezivamile zokuguquguquka zihlanganisa i-ATSC (iKomiti Yezinhlelo Zethelevishini Ethuthukisiwe) ye-TV yedijithali kanye ne-NTSC (iKomidi Likazwelonke Lohlelo Lwethelevishini) ye-analog TV. Khetha isidlulisi se-TV esisekela izinga elidingekayo lokushintshashintsha.
5. Ikhwalithi Yesiginali Nokwethenjelwa: Hlola ikhwalithi yesiginali nokuthembeka okunikezwa isidlulisi se-TV. Cabangela izici ezifana nokuhlanekezela okuphansi, isilinganiso esiphezulu sesignali-kuya-noise, namandla okulungisa amaphutha e-TV yedijithali. Bheka umkhiqizi ohloniphekile owaziwa ngama-transmitter athembekile nasezingeni eliphezulu.
6. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesistimu: Cabangela ukuhambisana nokuba lula kokuhlanganiswa nezinye izingxenye zesistimu yakho yokusakaza ye-TV, njengemithombo yomsindo/ividiyo, izifaki khodi, ama-multiplexer, nengqalasizinda yokusakaza.

 

Ama-TV Transmitters anconyelwe wena

 

CZH518A 3kW I-Analog TV Transmitter	I-FUTV3627 5W DVB Transmitter Amplifier	I-FU518D 100W Digital TV Transmitter

 

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Sakaza izimpondo

 

I-FM Broadcast Antenna

An I-antenna yomsakazo we-FM iyithuluzi elikhethekile elisetshenziselwa ukusakaza amaza omsakazo we-electromagnetic emkhathini. Lawa ma-antenna aklanyelwe ukudlulisa ngempumelelo amasignali omsakazo we-FM, ngokuvamile asebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lama-frequency angu-88 MHz kuya ku-108 MHz. Zibalulekile ekusakazeni amasignali acacile futhi athembekile endaweni eqokiwe yokusakaza. 

 

Emkhakheni wokusakazwa kwe-FM, izimpondo zokusakaza ze-FM zihlukaniswe ngama-antenna adlulisayo kanye nezimpondo ezitholayo.

 

Emaphethelweni okwamukela, uthi luguqula amasignali kagesi lube amaza omsakazo, kuyilapho ekugcineni ludlulisela, lwenza inqubo ehlehlayo, luguqule amaza omsakazo abuyisele amaza kagesi. I-antenna ye-FM nesidlulisi se-FM yizinto ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ngezingcingo.

 

Ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, sivame ukuhlangana nokuxhumana okungenantambo, njengeziteshi zomsakazo lapho abantu bengalalela khona izinhlelo zomsakazo besebenzisa izimpondo ze-FM. Lesi ngesinye sezinhlelo ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa ama-antenna kwezokuxhumana ngocingo. Njengoba izimpondo zakha isisekelo sokuxhumana okungenantambo, zinezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zansuku zonke, okuhlanganisa ukudluliswa kwesignali ye-TV, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi, izinzwa ezikude, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-biomedical.

 

Ama-antenna adlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ukuxhumana okungenantambo kanye nokwenza lula ukudluliswa nokwamukela amaza omsakazo, okuwenza abe semqoka emikhakheni nasezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.

 

Isebenza kanjani i-FM Broadcast Antenna?

 

I-antenna iyingxenye ebalulekile yazo zonke izinto zomsakazo, ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa kanye nesidlulisi noma umamukeli. Ama-antenna omsakazo we-FM asebenza ngokususelwe ezimisweni zemisebe kagesi. Bathola isignali yefrikhwensi yomsakazo (RF) kumthumeli, bese iguqulwa ibe amaza kagesi. Lawa maza asakazwa emkhathini, asakazekela ngaphandle ngephethini ethile.

 

Izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-antenna yokusakaza ye-FM zifaka:

 

1. I-Radiating Element: Le ngxenye yothi ikhipha amagagasi kazibuthe kagesi futhi ingathatha isimo sesiswebhu esime mpo, i-dipole, noma uxhaxha lwezakhi, kuye ngomklamo nezimfuneko.
2. Indiza yaphansi: Ama-antenna amaningi e-FM ahlanganisa indiza yaphansi, esebenza njengento ephikisana nesici esikhipha imisebe. Ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-antenna kanye nephethini yemisebe.
3. Inethiwekhi efanayo: Izimpondo zokusakaza ze-FM zivame ukudinga inethiwekhi efanayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana kokuphazamiseka phakathi komthumeli kanye nothi. Le nethiwekhi ithuthukisa ukudluliswa kwamandla futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kukonke.

 

Lapho udlulisa amasignali, amatheminali e-antenna athola amandla akhona anikezwa isidlulisi somsakazo, esiguqule sibe amaza omsakazo asakazwa emkhathini. Emaphethelweni okwamukela, uthi lubamba ingxenye yamandla avela ku-antenna yesithumeli, ikhiqize amandla kutheminali eyamukelayo. Lesi sakamuva sithathwa futhi siguqulelwe yisamukeli, sivumele ukusakazwa kwezinhlelo zomsakazo esiteshini somsakazo.

 

Ama-antenna angakhelwa kokubili ukudlulisa nokwamukela amaza omsakazo ngokulinganayo (omnidirectional) noma indlela ethile (izimpondo eziqondile noma ezinenzuzo ephezulu). Ukwengeza, ama-antenna omsakazo we-FM angase afake izingxenye ezengeziwe ezifana nezibonisi ze-paraboloid, izimpondo, noma izakhi ze-parasitic, ezisiza ukuqondisa amaza omsakazo kumaphethini emisebe afiswayo noma imishayo. Uma uhlose ukwelula ububanzi bemisebe kulawa maza omsakazo, isamukeli esinamandla siyadingeka.

 

Izinhlobo ze-FM Broadcsat Antenna

 

Izimpondo zokusakaza ze-FM zingahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe kukho kokubili ukwakheka namandla kwazo zibe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

 

1. I-Antenna ye-Car FM: I-antenna yemoto ye-FM yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi izimoto zithole amasiginali omsakazo we-FM. Ngokuvamile ihlanganisa intonga noma into efana nesiswebhu enamathiselwe ngaphandle kwemoto. Kwezinye izimo, izinti zemoto zingase futhi zifake iphedi lokumunca, elizivumela ukuthi zinamathisele ngokuphephile iwindshield noma kwezinye izindawo ezifanele ngaphakathi kwemoto. Lawa ma-antenna ahlangene ngosayizi futhi alungiselelwe ngokukhethekile ukwamukela i-FM ehambayo, iqinisekisa isignali yomsakazo ecacile nethembekile ngenkathi ihamba. Izimpondo ze-Car FM zidlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni amasiginali omsakazo we-FM ngenkathi ushayela futhi zivame ukutholakala ezimotweni ukuze zinikeze ukuzijabulisa phakathi nohambo. Ukuklama nokubekwa kwazo kucatshangelwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zokwamukela i-FM yezimoto, kuqinisekisa umuzwa wokulalela ojabulisayo ngenkathi usendleleni.
2. I-Antenna Yewhip Emile (Amandla Aphansi): I-antenna yesiswebhu esime mpo, evame ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza i-FM enamandla aphansi, ihlanganisa insika emile enezinto ezifana nesiswebhu ezibekwe phezulu. Lolu hlobo lwe-antenna ngokuvamile lusetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo lapho amazinga wamandla esukela kuma-watts ambalwa ukuya kumawathi angamakhulu ambalwa. I-elementi yesiswebhu, evame ukwakhiwa ngensimbi, iqondiswe ngendlela efanele endaweni eqondile ukuze ithuthukise imisebe esebenza kahle yamasignali e-FM.
3. I-Dipole Antenna (Amandla Aphansi kuya Kuphakathi): I-antenna ye-dipole ihlanganisa izakhi ezimbili ezifanayo ze-conductive ezinwebeka ngokuvundlile noma ziqonde ukusuka endaweni yokuphakelayo emaphakathi. Ukuma kwe-antenna ye-dipole kungalungiswa ngokusekelwe kuphethini yokumboza oyifunayo, noma ngabe ivundlile noma iqondile. Izimpondo ze-Dipole zithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ekusakazeni kwe-FM emazingeni amaningi ahlukahlukene, kusukela eziteshini zomsakazo zomphakathi ezinamandla amancane kuya kubasakazi bezifunda abanamandla amaphakathi. Banikeza ukuguquguquka ngokwemibandela futhi bakulungele kahle ukudlulisa amasiginali we-FM ngempumelelo.
4. I-Yagi-Uda Antenna (Amandla Aphakathi Naphezulu): I-Yagi-Uda antenna, evame ukwaziwa ngokuthi i-Yagi antenna, i-antenna eqondisayo enezici eziningi ezihlelwe ngephethini ethile. Kuhlanganisa i-elementi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu eshayelwa, isibonisi, kanye nomqondisi oyedwa noma ngaphezulu. Ama-antenna e-Yagi athola ukusetshenziswa okusabalele ezimeni zokusakaza zamandla aphezulu we-FM lapho kufunwa ukuqondiswa okunembayo, ikakhulukazi ngabasakazi besifunda noma bezwe lonke. Ngokugxilisa isignali edlulisiwe ohlangothini oluthile, izimpondo ze-Yagi zithuthukisa amandla esignali kanye nekhwalithi yokwamukela ezindaweni ezihlosiwe.
5. I-Log-Periodic Antenna (Amandla Aphakathi Naphezulu): I-antenna ye-log-periodic iyi-broadband antenna equkethe uchungechunge lwezinto ezikhula kancane kancane ngobude. Idizayinelwe ukumboza ibanga elibanzi lefrikhwensi kuyilapho igcina i-impedance ecishe ibe njalo yokufaka kulobo bubanzi. Ama-antenna e-Log-periodic avame ukusetshenziswa ekusakazeni kwe-FM, ikakhulukazi kumazinga wamandla aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu nasezinhlelweni ezidinga ukusekelwa kwamashaneli amaningi noma amaza. Izici ze-broadband ezingokwemvelo zama-antenna we-log-periodic ziwenza afanelekele ukudluliselwa okuphumelelayo nokwamukela amasignali e-FM kububanzi obubanzi.
6. I-Antenna Eyenziwe Ngesiyingi (Amandla Aphansi kuya Kuphezulu): Ama-antenna ayisiyingi asetshenziswa ekusakazeni kwe-FM ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwamukelwa ezindaweni ezinomumo wesiginali ohlukile. Lezi zimpondo zikhiqiza amaza omsakazo azungezayo ngephethini eyindilinga esikhundleni somugqa, okuvumela ukwamukela okuthuthukisiwe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-polarization ye-antenna eyamukelayo. Ama-antenna ayisiyingi athola usizo kulo lonke uhla lwamazinga wamandla, kusukela eziteshini zomphakathi ezinamandla amancane kuye kwabasakazi bezentengiselwano abanamandla amakhulu. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kanye nekhono lokunciphisa umthelela wokungafani kokuhlukanisa kubenza babaluleke ekuletheni amasignali e-FM angashintshi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, ekugcineni athuthukise ikhwalithi yokwamukela iyonke.

 

Ungawakhetha Kanjani Ama-Antenna e-FM Broadcsat

 

Ukukhetha i-antenna efanele yokusakaza ye-FM kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa:

 

1. Ukufunda Ibanga: Nquma indawo efiselekayo yokusakaza esiteshini sakho. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume amandla okubamba amandla e-antenna, ukuzuza, kanye nephethini yemisebe edingekayo ukuze kube nokufakwa okwanele.
2. Imvamisa Range: Qinisekisa ukuthi ububanzi befrikhwensi yokusebenza kothi bufana nebhendi yefrikhwensi eyabelwe ukusakazwa kwe-FM (88 MHz kuya ku-108 MHz).
3. Uhlobo lwe-Antena: Cabangela imiklamo ehlukahlukene yezimpondo ezifana nezimpondo ezimile mpo, eziqondisayo, noma eziyindilinga. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo kanye nokucatshangelwa, kuye ngezidingo zakho ezithile.
4. Inzuzo: Ama-antenna anenzuzo ephezulu anikeza amandla esignali angcono endaweni ethile. Cabangela indawo efiselekayo yokumboza kanye nephethini yokuzuza ye-antenna ukuze uthuthukise ukusatshalaliswa kwesignali.
5. SUkucatshangelwa kweqiniso: Linganisa indawo etholakalayo, izinketho zokukhweza, nanoma yikuphi ukulinganiselwa ngokomzimba okungase kuthinte ukufakwa kothi.

 

Ama-Antenna Okusakaza E-FM Anconyelwe Wena

 

300W FM Indilinga I-Polarized	I-Antenna yemoto ye-FM	1kW 1-Bay FM Dipole	2kW 2-Bay FM Dipole
3kW 4-Bay FM Dipole	5kW 6-Bay FM Dipole	10kW 8-Bay FM Dipole	Multi-bay FM Dipole Solution
4kW FM Circcularly Polarized	5kW FM Dual Dipole ( mpo)	5kW FM Dipole ( mpo)	5kW Iphaneli FM Dipole

 

Ama-Antenna Ezentengiso

Ama-antenna e-Commercial AM ama-antenna akhethekile aklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza ezichwepheshile. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa iziteshi zomsakazo nabasakazi ukudlulisa amasiginali e-AM ebangeni elide. Lawa ma-antenna aklanywe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwesignali okusebenzayo kanye nokumbozwa okufanele.

 

Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nezinye izinhlobo zezimpondo eziklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lemvamisa ye-mediumwave. Lawa ma-antenna angahle angasetshenziselwa izinjongo zokusakaza ze-AM ngokuqondile kodwa asengathola noma adlulisele amasiginali ku-mediumwave frequency spectrum. Ezinye izibonelo zamanye ama-antenna angasetshenziswa kububanzi befrikhwensi ye-mediumwave zifaka: izimpondo eziluphu, izimpondo zesiphuzo, nezinti zocingo. Lawa ma-antenna avame ukusetshenziswa abathanda umsakazo, abathanda ukuzilibazisa, noma abantu abathanda ukuthuthukisa ukwamukela kwabo ukusakazwa kwe-mediumwave. Ngokuvamile zifinyeleleka kalula, zithengeka, futhi kulula ukuzimisa uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpondo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa ekusakazeni kwezentengiso.

 

Indlela Abasebenza Ngayo

 

Izimpondo ze-AM zezentengiso isebenza ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zemisebe ye-electromagnetic kanye nokusabalalisa. Aklanyelwe ukukhanyisa ngendlela efanele amaza kagesi akhiqizwa imishini yokusakaza, ewavumela ukuba asabalalise emkhathini futhi amukelwe izamukeli zomsakazo.

 

Lawa ma-antenna ngokuvamile ashunwa kumafrikhwensi athile asetshenziselwa ukusakaza kwe-AM. Basebenzisa amasu okuklama ahlukahlukene ukuze bathole ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuzuza, nokuqondisa. Amanye ama-antenna e-AM okuhweba asebenzisa izakhi eziningi, njengemibhoshongo noma ama-arrays, ukuthuthukisa amandla esignali nokumboza.

 

Izinhlobo zama-Antenna e-Commercial AM

 

Ama-antenna e-Commercial AM eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokusakaza. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zama-antenna e-AM:

 

1. I-Monopole Antennas Emile: Ama-antenna e-monopole aqondile asetshenziswa kakhulu ekusakazeni kwe-AM kwezohwebo. Ahlanganisa insika ende eqondile noma umbhoshongo onesici sokuqondisa esisuka phezulu. Ukuphakama kwe-antenna kubalwa ngokucophelela ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle kwesignali nokumboza. Lawa ma-antenna angama-omnidirectional, asakaza isignali ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
2. I-Directional Arrays: Amalungu afanayo ayizikhombisi-ndlela akhiwe ngezinto eziningi ze-antenna ezihlelwe ngokucushwa okuthile. Lawa ma-antenna ahlinzeka ngamaphethini emisebe eqondisayo, okuvumela abasakazi ukuthi bagxilise amasignali abo ezindaweni ezithile. Amalungu afanayo ayiziqondiso ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukukhomba izindawo ezithile noma ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka ezindaweni zokusakaza eziminyene.
3. I-T-Antennas: I-T-antenna, eyaziwa nangokuthi izimpondo zohlobo lwe-T noma izimpondo ze-T-network, zingolunye uhlobo lwe-AM yokuthengisa. Bahlanganisa imibhoshongo emibili eqondile exhunywe ngocingo oluvundlile noma isakhiwo sokulayisha phezulu. Ama-T-antenna anikeza ukusebenza kahle kwesignali okuthuthukisiwe futhi anganikeza ukumbozwa okuhle kokudluliswa kwebanga elide.
4. I-Unipole Antenna egoqiwe: Izimpondo ezigoqiwe ze-unipole, ezibuye zibizwe ngokuthi ama-ambrella antenna, ziwuhlobo lothi lwe-AM oluhlanganisa izinzuzo ze-monopole antenna nesikrini esiphansi. Ahlanganisa insika emile exhunywe esakhiweni esivundlile sokulayisha phezulu, esisekelwa uhlelo lwezintambo zensizwa. Izimpondo ezigoqiwe ze-unipole zihlinzeka ngokusebenza kahle kwemisebe kanye nokumbozwa, okuwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zokusakaza.
5. Ilogi ye-Periodic Antennas: Ama-antenna we-log periodic, nakuba evame ukusetshenziswa kwamanye ama-frequency range, angaphinde asetshenziselwe ukusakaza kwe-AM kwezohwebo. Lawa ma-antenna anomkhawulokudonsa obanzi futhi anganikeza ukumbozwa okubanzi uma kuqhathaniswa. Ama-antenna welogi avame ukusetshenziswa ezimeni lapho amafrikhwensi amaningi adinga ukufakwa ngaphakathi kokufakwa okukodwa.
6. I-Antenna ye-Shunt Fed: I-shunt fed antenna iwuhlobo lwe-AM oluvame ukusetshenziswa ekusakazeni ezentengiso. Ihlanganisa ilungiselelo lokuphakelayo eliyingqayizivele lapho i-antenna mast ixhunywe ngogesi phansi ngengxenye yolayini wokudlulisela noma intambo yaphansi ehlukene. Lo mklamo uvumela ukudluliswa okuphumelelayo kwamasiginali we-AM, unikeza ubulula ekufakeni, umboza umkhawulokudonsa obanzi, futhi unikeze ukumbozwa okuthuthukisiwe endizeni evundlile. Ukubeka phansi okufanelekile nokushuna kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle.

 

Ama-Antenna e-AM anconyelwe Wena

 

Faka i-Periodic Antenna	I-Omni-directional Ukwamukela i-Antenna	Shunt Fed Antenna	I-Directional AM Antenna

 

I-Commercial Shortwave Antennas

Ama-antenna okuhweba ama-shortwave aklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza ezichwepheshile ebangeni lefrikhwensi ye-shortwave. Zisetshenziswa abasakazi bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinhlangano ezinkulu ukuze dlulisa amasignali ebangeni elide. Lawa ma-antenna akhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuze anikeze ukuxhumana okude nokwethenjelwa.

 

Indlela Abasebenza Ngayo

 

Ama-antenna ama-shortwave ezentengiselwano asebenza ngomgomo wemisebe ye-electromagnetic kanye nokusakazeka. Aklanyelwe ukukhanyisa ngendlela efanele amaza kagesi akhiqizwa imishini yokusakaza, ewavumela ukuba asabalalise emkhathini futhi amukelwe izamukeli zomsakazo.

 

Lawa ma-antenna ngokuvamile aklanyelwe ukumboza ububanzi befrikhwensi futhi angadlulisela amasignali kumabhendi amaningi ama-shortwave. Basebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuze bathole ukudluliswa kwamandla aphezulu, ukuqondisa, kanye nokuzuza ukuze baqinisekise ukuxhumana okusebenzayo okude.

 

Izinhlobo zama-Antennas Okuhweba ama-Shortwave

 

Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezimpondo ze-shortwave ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ezichwepheshile. Ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:

 

1. I-Curtain Arrays: Amalungu afanayo amakhethini ahlanganisa izakhi zezintambo eziningi ezime mpo ezimiswe phakathi kwemibhoshongo noma izisekelo. Lezi zakhi zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zenze iphethini yemisebe eqondisayo, evumela ukudluliswa kwesignali egxilile ezindaweni ezithile. Amakhethini afanayo aziwa ngamakhono awo okuphatha amandla aphezulu futhi avame ukusetshenziswa ekusakazeni kwamazwe ngamazwe.
2. Ilogi ye-Periodic Antennas: Ama-antenna e-Log periodic asetshenziswa kakhulu ekusakazeni kwe-shortwave yobungcweti. Zinomklamo ohlukile onochungechunge lwezakhi ezikhulayo ngokuqhubekayo, okuvumela ukumbozwa komkhawulokudonsa obanzi. Ama-antenna e-Log periodic ahlinzeka ngenzuzo enhle nokuqondisa, okuwenza afanelekele ukudluliswa kwama-multi-frequency.
3. I-Rhombic Antennas: Ama-Rhombic antennas amakhulu, ama-wire amise okwedayimane antenna asebenza kahle ekuxhumaneni okude. Angakwazi ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu wamandla futhi avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-point-to-point.
4. Izimpondo zekheji: ama-cage antenna, aziwa nangokuthi ama-cage monopole antennas noma i-cage dipoles, avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zomsakazo (RF). Ahlanganisa isakhiwo sekheji esiqhubayo esizungeza isici esikhipha imisebe, ngokuvamile ngendlela yesakhiwo esiyisilinda noma esinjengebhokisi esinezintambo ezihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo noma izinti zensimbi. Lo mklamo uthuthukisa iphethini yemisebe ye-antenna, izici ze-impedance, futhi wehlise umthelela wezinto eziseduze nendiza ephansi. Ukwengeza, ukwakheka kwekheji kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kusuka kuma-electronics aseduze noma izakhiwo zensimbi. Lawa ma-antenna avame ukusetshenziswa ezimeni lapho kudingeka khona uhlelo olulinganiselayo lwe-antenna futhi lungaphakelwa ngezintambo zokudlulisela ezilinganayo ukuze kuncishiswe umsindo wemodi evamile.
5. Ama-antenna amane: Ama-Quadrant antenna, aziwa nangokuthi ama-quadrant monopole antenna noma ama-quadrant dipoles, avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-RF. Ahlanganisa isici esikhipha imisebe ehlukaniswe amaquadranti amane, ngalinye liphakelwa ngesignali ehlukile yokulawula okuzimele kwephethini yemisebe. Ngokulungisa ama-amplitude nezigaba zalawa masignali, iphethini yemisebe ye-antenna ingalolongwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza ezindaweni ezithile. Ama-quadrant antenna alungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuqondisa nokuqondisa kwe-beam kubalulekile, njengezinhlelo zokuxhumana zephoyinti nephoyinti noma izinhlelo ze-radar. Idizayini yabo ivumela ukulawulwa okuguquguqukayo kwephethini yemisebe, okuvumela ukubunjwa kwemishayo nokuqondisa ngaphandle kokunyakazisa i-antenna, okuyenza ifanelekele ukushintshwa kwemishayo okusheshayo noma izidingo zokulandelela.

 

Ama-Antenna ama-Shortwave anconyelwe wena

 

I-Omni-directional Shortwave Antenna	I-Antenna ye-Cage	I-Quadrant Antenna HQ 1/h
I-Rotatable Curtain Array	I-Curtail Array HR 2/1/h	I-Curtail Array HR 2/2/h
I-Curtail Array HR 4/2/h	I-Curtail Array HR 4/4/h	I-Curtail Array HR 8/4/h

 

Ama-Antenna Okusakazwa Kwe-TV

I-antenna yokusakaza ye-TV yezentengiso iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokusakaza kamabonakude. Inesibopho sokudlulisa amasignali e-TV emoyeni ukuze kufinyelelwe izethameli eziningi. Izimpondo ze-TV zithola amasignali kagesi aqukethe ulwazi lomsindo nevidiyo esiteshini sokusakaza futhi aziguqule zibe amagagasi kazibuthe kagesi angamukelwa futhi aqoshwe amasethi kamabonakude.

 

 

Asebenza Kanjani Ama-Antenna Okusakaza I-TV

 

Ama-antenna okusakazwa kwe-TV yezentengiso asebenza ngokususelwa kumgomo wemisebe kagesi. Nansi incazelo eyenziwe lula yokuthi zisebenza kanjani:

 

1. Ukwamukelwa Kwesiginali: I-antenna ithola amasignali kagesi aphethe ukusakazwa kwe-TV esiteshini sokusakaza. Lawa masignali adluliswa ngamakhebuli aye othini.
2. Ukuguqulwa Kwesiginali: Izimpawu zikagesi ezitholiwe ziguqulwa zibe amaza kagesi akwazi ukusabalala emoyeni. Lokhu kuguqulwa kufezwa ukwakheka kwe-antenna, elungiselelwe imisebe esebenza kahle nokwamukela amaza kagesi.
3. Ukukhulisa Isignali: Kwezinye izimo, amasignali atholiwe angase abe buthaka ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene njengebanga ukusuka esiteshini sokusakaza noma izithiyo endleleni yesiginali. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-antenna ingase ihlanganise ama-amplifiers noma ama-booster wesignali ukuqinisa amasignali.
4. Ukudluliswa Kwesiginali: Uma amasignali kagesi eguqulwa abe amaza kagesi futhi akhuliswe (uma kunesidingo), uthi lusakaza lawa maza endaweni ezungezile. I-antenna ikhipha amasignali ngephethini ethile ukuze ihlanganise isifunda sendawo esimisiwe.
5. Ukukhetha Imvamisa: Izinsizakalo zokusakaza ze-TV ezihlukene zisebenza kumafrikhwensi ahlukene, njenge-VHF (Very High Frequency) noma i-UHF (Ultra High Frequency). Ama-antenna okusakazwa kwe-TV yezentengiso aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lefrikhwensi ukuze afane nesevisi yokusakaza ahloselwe yona.

 

Ukukhetha Izimpondo Zesiteshi Se-TV

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha izimpondo zesiteshi se-TV:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Nquma ububanzi befrikhwensi edingekayo ekusakazeni kwakho kwe-TV. Khetha izimpondo ezivala i-VHF noma i-UHF ethize ibanga lefrikhwensi edingekayo ngokusekelwe kumazinga nemithetho yakho yokusakaza.
2. Inzuzo kanye Nokuqondisa: Linganisa izidingo zenzuzo kanye nokuqondisa endaweni yakho yokufaka. Ukuzuza okuphezulu nokuqondisa kunikeza amandla esignali amakhulu kanye nebanga lokumboza. Cabangela izici ezifana nendawo efiselekayo yokukhava kanye nesimo lapho ukhetha izinhlobo zezimpondo ezinenzuzo efanelekile nezici zokuqondisa.
3. I-polarization: Nquma i-polarization edingekayo kusistimu yakho yokusakaza ye-TV, efana ne-horizontal noma i-circular polarization. Khetha izimpondo ezinikeza i-polarization efanele yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.
4. Ukufaka nokukhweza: Cabangela isikhala esitholakalayo kanye nezinketho zokukhweza zokufaka izimpondo zesiteshi se-TV. Hlola izici ezifana nobude bombhoshongo, isisindo, ukulayishwa komoya, nokuhambisana nengqalasizinda ekhona phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha.
5. Ukuhambisana Komthetho: Qinisekisa ukuthi izimpondo zesiteshi se-TV ezikhethiwe zithobela izindinganiso ezifanele zokulawula kanye nezidingo zokusakaza esifundeni sakho.
6. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesistimu: Cabangela ukuhambisana nokuba lula kokuhlanganiswa nezinye izingxenye ohlelweni lwakho lokusakaza ku-TV, njengezidluliseli, izintambo zokudlulisela, nemishini yokucubungula isignali.

  

Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezimpondo zokusakaza ze-TV, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu:

 

I-Parabolic Dish Antennas

 

Ama-antenna e-Parabolic dish avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-TV zebanga elide. Lawa ma-antenna anesitsha esikhulu sokubonisa esigobile esigxilisa amasiginali adlulisiwe noma awamukelwe endaweni ethile, eyaziwa ngokuthi indawo okugxilwe kuyo. Izinti ze-Parabolic dish ziyakwazi ukuzuza izinzuzo eziphezulu futhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwe-TV ngesathelayithi.

 

I-Log-Periodic Antennas

 

Ama-antenna e-Log-periodic asetshenziswa kakhulu ekusakazweni kwe-TV ngenxa yezimpawu zawo ze-broadband, eziwavumela ukuthi asebenze ezinhlobonhlobo zamafrikhwensi kuwo womabili amabhendi e-VHF ne-UHF. Lawa ma-antenna aqukethe izakhi ze-dipole zobude obuhlukahlukene, ahlelwe ngendlela ekahle ukunika amandla ukwamukela noma ukudluliselwa kwamasignali ebangeni elibanzi lefrikhwensi. Idizayini yama-antenna we-log-periodic iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kuwo wonke ama-spectrum okusakazwa kwe-TV. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuzenza zilungele izimo lapho iziteshi noma amaza amaningi kudingeka afakwe ngaphandle kwesidingo sama-antenna amaningi. Ama-antenna e-Log-periodic avame ukusetshenziswa eziteshini zokusakaza ze-TV futhi njengokwamukela izinti kubathengi, anikeza ukwamukela okuphumelelayo noma ukudluliselwa kwamasignali we-TV kulo lonke uhla lwamafrikhwensi, okuhlinzeka ababukeli ithuba lokufinyelela ezinhlobonhlobo zamashaneli ngaphandle kokudinga ukushintshwa kwe-antenna.

 

I-Yagi-Uda Antennas

 

Izimpondo ze-Yagi-Uda, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-Yagi antennas, ziyizimpondo eziqondisayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekusakazeni kwe-TV. Lawa ma-antenna afaka ama-elementi afanayo amaningi, okuhlanganisa into eshayelwayo, isibonisi, kanye nomqondisi oyedwa noma ngaphezulu. Umklamo oyingqayizivele wezimpondo ze-Yagi-Uda uzivumela ukuthi zigxilise amasiginali adlulisiwe noma atholiwe endaweni ethile, zinikeze amandla esignali athuthukisiwe ngenkathi kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka. Ngokulinganisa ngokunembile usayizi nokuhlukanisa izakhi, izimpondo ze-Yagi-Uda zakha iphethini yemisebe egxilile, ekhulisa inzuzo futhi iqondise ngempumelelo isignali ekuhlosweni okufunayo. Lawa ma-antenna avame ukuthunyelwa ekusakazweni kwe-TV ukuze kuzuzwe ukuxhumana okuthembekile kwebanga elide ngokonakaliswa kwesignali okuncane noma ukuphazamiseka okuvela emithonjeni engafunwa.

 

Ama-Antenna e-UHF Yagi anconyelwe wena: 

 

Ubukhulu. 150W 14 dBi Yagi

  

Ama-Antenna ephaneli

 

Izimpondo zephaneli, ezaziwa nangokuthi amaphaneli afanayo noma izimpondo ezihlelayo, zivame ukusetshenziswa ekusakazeni kwe-TV, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Lawa ma-antenna aqukethe izinto eziningi ezincane ze-antenna ezihlelwe ngokucushwa kwepulani. Ngokusebenzisa lolu hlelo, izimpondo zephaneli zinikeza inzuzo eyengeziwe kanye nokumboza indawo ethile, okuyenza ifaneleke kahle izifunda ezinabantu abaningi. Kufakwe ezindaweni eziphakeme njengasophahleni lwendlu noma emibhoshongweni, izimpondo zephaneli zinikeza iphethini yokumboza eqondiwe, egxile kumasiginali adlulisiwe noma amukelwe ezindaweni ezithile. Lokhu kuvumela ukusatshalaliswa kwesignali okusebenzayo kanye nekhwalithi yesignali ethuthukisiwe, ukunciphisa izinkinga ezibangelwa izithiyo ezifana nezakhiwo. Ama-antenna ephaneli adlala indima ebalulekile ekusakazweni kwe-TV yasemadolobheni, lapho izibukeli eziningi zidinga ukwamukela nokusatshalaliswa kwesignali okuthembekile. Idizayini yabo ithuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele kwesistimu ye-antenna, iqinisekisa ukuthi inani elikhulu lezibukeli lingathola amasignali e-TV ekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa noma ukulahlekelwa kwesignali.

 

Ama-Antenna ephaneli ye-TV anconyelwe wena

 

Izinhlobo zephaneli ye-VHF:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/vhf-panel-antenna

 

Iphaneli ye-Band III Quadruple Dipole	I-Band III Folded Dipole Panel	I-Band III Dual Dipole Panel	I-CH4 Band I Iphaneli Ye-Dipole Eyodwa

 

I-CH3 Band I Iphaneli Ye-Dipole Eyodwa	I-CH2 Band I Iphaneli Ye-Dipole Eyodwa	I-CH1 Band I Iphaneli Ye-Dipole Eyodwa

 

Izinhlobo zephaneli ye-UHF:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/uhf-panel-antenna

 

Iphaneli ye-Dual-pol Slant Vertical	Iphaneli ye-UHF Vertical Dipole	Iphaneli ye-Dipole Evundlile ye-UHF

 

Slot Antenna

Izimpondo zesikhala ziwuhlobo oluhlukile lwezimpondo ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-TV. Aqukethe i-slot ewumngcingo esikwe endaweni eqhutshwayo, njengepuleti lensimbi noma i-waveguide, esebenza njengento ekhipha imisebe, ekhiqiza amaza kagesi. Izimpondo ze-slot zinenzuzo ngenxa yosayizi wazo ohlangene, iphrofayili ephansi, nekhono lokuhlinzeka nge-bandwidth ebanzi. Baqashwe kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-TV zesimanje ngokusebenza kahle kwazo nokuhlanganiswa kalula nezinye izingxenye. Ekusakazweni kwe-TV, ama-slot antenna avame ukusetshenziswa ngama-array amakhulu noma amaphaneli ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumbozwa kwesiginali. Angadizayinelwa amabhendi athile efrikhwensi, njenge-UHF, futhi ahlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze kuzuzwe inzuzo oyifunayo nezici zokuqondisa. Izimpondo zesikhala zishintshashintshashintsha, zisebenza kahle kukho kokubili ukudlulisa nokwamukela amasiginali we-TV, okuwenza afaneleke kahle ukusakazwa kwe-TV kwezentengiso.

 

Izinhlobo ze-VHF Slot:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/vhf-slot-antenna

 

RDT014 Ibhendi III 4-Slot

  

Izinhlobo ze-UHF Slot:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/uhf-panel-antenna

 

4-Slot Horizontal TV Slot	8-Slot Horizontal TV Slot

  

Omni-Directional Antenna

Ama-antenna e-Omni-directional abonakala ngokukwazi kwawo ukudlulisa noma ukwamukela amasiginali kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ngaphandle kokugxila okuthile noma ukuqondiswa. Aklanyelwe ukukhanyisa noma ukwamukela amagagasi kagesi ngokufanayo ngephethini eyindilinga noma eyindilinga ezungeze uthi. Ekusakazweni kwe-TV, izimpondo ze-omni-directional ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezimeni lapho isiteshi sokusakaza sifuna ukufinyelela izethameli ezisabalele endaweni ebanzi. Lawa ma-antenna avame ukufakwa ezindaweni eziphakeme, njengasemibhoshongweni emide noma ophahleni lwendlu, ukuze kwandiswe ububanzi bokuhlanganisa. Ama-antenna e-Omni-directional ngokuvamile anomklamo ohlukanisiwe oqondile ukuze ahambisane nokusakaza okuningi kwe-TV. Baqinisekisa ukuthi amasiginali adluliselwa noma amukelwa ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinkomba ezivundlile, okuvumela ababukeli ukuthi bathole amasignali e-TV kunoma iyiphi indlela ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuqondisa izimpondo zabo. Ngokusebenzisa izimpondo ze-omni-directional ekusakazeni kwe-TV yezentengiselwano, abasakazi banganikeza ukumbozwa kwesignali okuthembekile kubabukeli abasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezizungeze indawo yokusakaza. Lolu hlobo lwe-antenna luzifanele kahle izindawo zasemadolobheni, lapho amasignali e-TV angase adinge ukungena ezakhiweni noma afinyelele izibukeli ezisezindaweni ezihlukene zedolobha.

  

I-UHF Onmidirectional enconyelwe wena

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/uhf-omnidirectional-antenna

  

7/8" EIA Vertical, Max. 0.5/1kW	7/8" noma 1-5/8", Evundlile, Max. 1/1.5/2kW	1-5/8", Iqondile, Ubukhulu 1/2kW

 

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Izintambo & Grounding

Ikhithi Yokufaka i-Antenna:

Ikhithi yokukhweza i-antenna iqoqo lezinto zokusebenza eziklanyelwe ukufaka ngokuphephile uhlelo lwe-antenna endaweni ethile. Ihlinzeka ngezingxenye ezidingekayo zokukhweza ngokuphephile izimpondo noma izitsha zesathelayithi ezindaweni noma ezakhiweni ezihlukahlukene. Ikhithi yokukhweza iqinisekisa ukuzinza, ukuma okuhle, kanye nokudluliswa kwesignali okusebenzayo kohlelo lwe-antenna.

 

 

Uhlu Nencazelo: 

 

• Abakaki Okufakwayo: Laba babakaki basetshenziselwa ukunamathisela uthi endaweni ekhuphukayo. Banikeza ukuzinza nokusekelwa kohlelo lwe-antenna.
• Insika noma isigxobo: Insika noma isigxobo sisebenza njengesakhiwo sokusekela esime mpo sothi. Inikeza ukuphakama kanye nokuguquguquka kokuma ukuze uthole ukwamukela isignali efanele.
• I-Mounting Hardware: Lokhu kufaka phakathi amantongomane, amabhawodi, izikulufu, namawasha adingekayo ukuze kuvikeleke abakaki nensika. Lezi zingxenye ziqinisekisa ukufakwa okuphephile nokuzinzile.
• Ikhithi ye-Guy Wire: Ezimeni lapho kudingeka khona ukwesekwa okwengeziwe, kungase kufakwe ikhithi yocingo yomfana. Iqukethe izintambo, ama-turnbuckles, namahange asetshenziselwa ukumisa insika ngokumelene nomoya noma amanye amandla angaphandle.
• I-Antenna Mounting Plate: I-mounting plate isetshenziselwa ukunamathisela uthi kubakaki abafakwayo. Inikeza uxhumano oluzinzile futhi iqinisekisa ukuqondanisa okufanele.

 

Indlela Izinto Ezisebenza Ngayo Ndawonye Njengohlelo Lokufaka I-Antenna:

 

Izingxenye zekhithi yokukhweza i-antenna zisebenza ngokuhlanganyela ukwakha isistimu ye-antenna ezinzile futhi eqondaniswe kahle. Abakaki abafakwayo bavikela uthingo endaweni ekhethiwe, baqinisekise ukunamathiselwe okuqinile nokuvikelekile. I-mast noma isigxobo sinikeza ukuphakama okudingekayo kanye nokuma ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwamukela isignali. Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezikhwezwayo, ezihlanganisa amantongomane, amabhawodi, izikulufu, namawasha, ziqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuphephile nokwethembekile phakathi kwamabakaki, insika, nendawo ekhwezayo. Ezimeni lapho kudingeka khona ukuzinza okwengeziwe, ikhithi yocingo yomfana ingase isetshenziselwe ukugxilisa insika futhi ivimbele ukunyakaza noma ukunyakaza okubangelwa amandla angaphandle. Ipuleti lokukhweza i-antenna lisiza ukunamathiselwa kwe-antenna kubakaki abafakwayo, inikeze ukufakwa okuvikelekile nokuqondile.

 

Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Sokukhweza Inqubo Yohlelo Lokusakaza Lwe-Antenna:

 

1. Khetha indawo efanelekile yesistimu ye-antenna, ucabangele izici ezifana nomugqa wokubuka, ukuphakama, nobuqotho besakhiwo sendawo ekhuphukayo.
2. Namathisela amabakaki okukhweza endaweni ekhethiwe yokukhweza usebenzisa ihadiwe efanelekile yokukhweza.
3. Namathisela insika noma isigxobo kubakaki abakhwezwayo usebenzisa izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezinikeziwe, uqinisekise ukufakwa okuvikelekile nokufaka amapayipi amanzi.
4. Xhuma i-antenna ku-mounting plate usebenzisa i-hardware enikeziwe, uyiqondanise kahle ukuze uthole isignali ephelele.
5. Bopha ngokuphephile i-antenna ku-mounting plate usebenzisa i-hardware enikeziwe.
6. Uma kunesidingo, faka ikhithi yocingo lwensizwa ngokugxilisa izintambo phansi noma ezakhiweni eziseduze futhi uziqinise ngendlela efanele ukuze unikeze ukuzinza okwengeziwe kunsika.
7. Yenza ukuhlola kokugcina ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi konke ukuxhumana kuphephile, uthi luqondaniswe kahle, futhi nesistimu yokukhweza izinzile.
8. Hlola noma yiziphi izithiyo noma ukuphazamiseka okungase kube nomthelela ekusebenzeni kothi.

 

Izingxenye Zekhithi Yokuqala:

 

Izingxenye zekhithi yokubeka phansi ziyizinto ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikagesi ukuze kusungulwe uxhumano lwesisekelo oluphephile nolusebenzayo. Lezi zingxenye zenzelwe ukuvikela okokusebenza ekuhlinzweni kukagesi, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka, nokuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwesignali okufanele.

 

 

Incazelo Yezingxenye Zokugawula:

 

1. I-Grounding Rod: I-grounding rod iyinduku yensimbi efakwe emhlabathini eduze nohlelo lwe-antenna. Isungula ukuxhumana okuqondile nomhlaba, okuvumela ukukhuphuka kukagesi ukuthi kuhlakazeke ngokuphepha.
2. Intambo Yokugawula: Intambo yokuqondisa ixhuma induku yaphansi nezingxenye zekhithi yaphansi. Inikeza indlela yokumelana okuphansi ukuze imisinga kagesi igeleze, iqinisekisa ukubekwa phansi okusebenzayo.
3. I-Grounding Clamps: Lezi zinsimbi zifakiwe kukhithi yaphansi ukuze kunamathiselwe intambo yaphansi ngokuvikelekile ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene, njengensika yezinti noma indawo evalekile yezinto zokusebenza. Basungula uxhumano oluthembekile lukagesi.
4. I-Grounding Plate: I-grounding plate, uma ifakiwe kukhithi, ixhunywe kuntambo yaphansi. Inikeza indawo engaphezulu yendawo yokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe futhi ivame ukubekwa endaweni ene-conductivity enhle yenhlabathi.
5. I-Grounding Busbar: Uma ingxenye yekhithi yaphansi, ibha yebhasi ephansi isebenza njengendawo emaphakathi yokuxhumanisa phansi. Kuwumucu we-conductive noma ibha exhuma izintambo eziningi eziphansi noma izingxenye.
6. I-Grounding Lug: Isikhwama saphansi, esitholakala kukhithi yaphansi, ixhuma intambo yaphansi nebha yaphansi noma ipuleti. Iqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuvikelekile nokunokumelana okuphansi.

 

Indlela Izingxenye Ezisebenzisana Ngayo Njengohlelo Lokumisa:

 

Kuhlelo oluyisisekelo lwe-antenna yokusakaza, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ziyasebenzisana ukuze zenze ukusethwa kwaphansi okuphephile nokusebenzayo. I-grounding rod isungula ukuxhumana okuqondile emhlabeni, kuyilapho intambo yaphansi iyixhuma ezingxenyeni eziphansi kukhithi. Izinsimbi zokubeka phansi zinamathisela ngokuvikelekile intambo yaphansi kusigxobo se-antenna noma indawo evalekile yezinto zokusebenza. Uma ikhona, i-grounding plate ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwesisekelo ngokunikeza indawo enkulu. Ibha ephansi isebenza njengendawo emaphakathi, exhuma izintambo eziningi eziphansi noma izingxenye. I-grounding lug inika amandla ukuxhumana phakathi kwentambo yaphansi nendawo ephakathi nendawo, iqinisekisa isixhumanisi esithembekile nesimelana kancane.

 

Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Inqubo Yokumisa Yohlelo Lokusakaza Lwe-Antenna:

 

1. Khomba indawo efanelekile eduze nesistimu ye-antenna ukuze ufake i-grounding rod.
2. Bamba imbobo ejulile ngokwanele ukuze kungene induku yaphansi, uqinisekise ukuthi ibekwe ngokuqinile emhlabathini.
3. Xhuma ingxenye eyodwa yocingo lwaphansi entweni yokubeka phansi usebenzisa izinsimbi ezifanele.
4. Hambisa intambo yaphansi ukusuka entweni yaphansi ukuya kusigxobo sezimpondo noma indawo evalekile yezinto zokusebenza, uyivikele ngezinsimbi zokubeka phansi endleleni.
5. Uma ifakiwe kukhithi, namathisela i-grounding plate ocingweni lwaphansi futhi uyibeke endaweni ene-conductivity enhle yenhlabathi.
6. Xhuma intambo yaphansi kubha yaphansi usebenzisa isikhwama esiphansi, udale indawo emaphakathi yokusekelayo.
7. Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izixhumo zivikelekile futhi azikhohlisi noma izinto ezixegayo.
8. Yenza ukuhlolwa njalo nokugcinwa kwesistimu yokubeka phansi ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo.

Imigqa Yokudluliswa Kwe-Coaxial Eqinile

Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile iqondile yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF ezinamandla aphezulu, enikeza ukusebenza kukagesi okuphakeme nokuzinza kwemishini. Le migqa yokudlulisela ifaka i-conductor yangaphandle eqinile, eqinisekisa ukusabalala kwesignali okuphumelelayo kanye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali. Zisebenza njengengxenye ebalulekile echungechungeni lokudlulisela, ukuxhuma isidluliseli kuzintambo ezihambisanayo.

 

 

Ngokufana nendlela amakhebuli okubona adlulisa ngayo amasignali ngemicu yokubona, imigqa yokudlulisela eqinile isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa isignali yemvamisa ephezulu. Ngaphakathi kwale migqa, amaza kazibuthe asakaza emuva naphambili phakathi komugqa oyinhloko kanye nesiphakeli, kuyilapho ungqimba oluvikelayo luvimba ngempumelelo amasignali okuphazamisa angaphandle. Leli khono lokuvikela liqinisekisa ubuqotho bezimpawu ezidluliswayo futhi linciphisa ukulahlekelwa amasignali awusizo ngokusebenzisa imisebe.

 

 

Lezi zintambo zokudlulisela zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuphatha amandla aphezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi, njengamasistimu okusakaza, amanethiwekhi weselula, nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ze-high-frequency. Abanye osayizi abavamile bemigqa yokudlulisela i-coaxial eqinile ihlanganisa:

 

• 7/8" I-Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line
• 1-5/8" I-Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line
• 3-1/8" I-Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line
• 4-1/16" I-Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line
• 6-1/8" I-Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line

 

Olayini Abaqinile Bekhwalithi Ephezulu Esitokweni:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/detail/rigid-coaxial-transmission-line.html

 

Isebenza Kanjani Imigqa Yokudluliswa Kwe-Coaxial Eqinile

 

Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile isebenza ngesimiso esifanayo nezinye izintambo zamakhoaxial. Ahlanganisa i-central conductor, insulator ye-dielectric, i-conductor yangaphandle, nejakhethi yangaphandle. Ikhondaktha yangaphakathi iphethe isignali ye-RF, kuyilapho ikhondakta yangaphandle ihlinzeka ngesivikelo ekuphazamisekeni kwangaphandle.

 

I-conductor yangaphandle eqinile yale migqa yokudlulisela iqinisekisa ukuvuza okuncane kwesignali futhi inciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali. Iphinde inikeze ukuzinza kwemishini, okuvumela imigqa yokudlulisela ukuthi igcine ukuma nokusebenza kwayo ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zamandla aphezulu.

 

Ukukhetha Imigqa Yokudlulisa I-Coaxial Eqinile

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha imigqa yokudlulisela i-coaxial eqinile:

 

1. Amandla Okuphatha: Nquma izidingo zokuphatha amandla zohlelo lwakho lwe-RF. Khetha ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ongaphatha amazinga wamandla adingekayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwesignali okuphawulekayo noma ukuwohloka.
2. Ukulahleka Kwesiginali: Linganisa izici zokulahlekelwa kwesignali zolayini wokudlulisela ebangeni lefrikhwensi oyifunayo. Ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi kuqinisekisa ubuqotho besignali engcono kumabanga amade.
3. Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo: Hlola izimo zemvelo ulayini wokudlulisela ozochayeka kuzo, njengezinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokumelana ne-UV. Qinisekisa ukuthi ulayini wokudlulisela okhethiwe uzifanele izidingo ezithile zemvelo zesicelo sakho.
4. Imvamisa Range: Qinisekisa ukuthi ulayini wokudlulisela uyawusekela ububanzi befrikhwensi edingekayo kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Imigqa yokudlulisa eqinile ye-coaxial ehlukene yakhelwe izigaba ezithile zamafrikhwensi, ngakho-ke khetha eyodwa ehambisana nezidingo zakho zamafrikhwensi.
5. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi ulayini kagesi uyahambisana nezixhumi zesistimu yakho ye-RF nezinye izingxenye. Qinisekisa ukuthi izixhumi nezinqamuli zolayini wokudlulisela okhethiwe zitholakala kalula futhi zilungele uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.

Umbhoshongo noma i-Mast

Umbhoshongo noma insika iyisakhiwo esizimele esiklanyelwe ukuhlalisa ngokuphephile izimpondo nemishini ehlobene. Ihlinzeka ngobude obudingekayo nokuzinza okudingekayo ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-antenna. Imibhoshongo ivame ukwenziwa ngensimbi noma i-aluminium, iqinisekisa ukuqina nokumelana nezinto zemvelo.

 

 

Indlela okusebenza?

  

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wombhoshongo noma insika ukuphakamisa ama-antenna afinyelele ekuphakameni kwamasu okusiza ukusakazeka kwesignali ebangeni elide nezindawo ezibanzi. Ngokubeka izimpondo endaweni ephakeme, zinganqoba izithiyo futhi zinciphise ukuvinjwa kwesignali, okuholela ekumbozweni okuthuthukisiwe kanye nekhwalithi yesignali ethuthukisiwe.

 

Ama-Towers noma ama-mass aklanyelwe ukumelana nemithwalo yomoya, amandla e-seismic, nezinye izici zemvelo ezingase zibe nomthelela ekuzinzeni kohlelo lwe-antenna. Zenzelwe ukuthi zibe nesakhiwo esizwakalayo, eziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzi abasebenza phezu kombhoshongo noma eduze kwawo.

 

Umehluko we-AM, FM, kanye neziteshi ze-TV

 

Nakuba imibhoshongo noma ama-mass esebenza njengezinhlaka ezisekela izinhlelo ze-antenna kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, kunomehluko ophawulekayo ekwakhiweni kwazo nasezimfuneko zeziteshi ze-AM, FM, ne-TV. Lo mehluko ngokuyinhloko usukela ezicini ezithile zamasiginali kanye nezidingo zokufakwa kwefomethi ngayinye yokusakaza.

 

1. I-AM Station Towers noma iMasts: Iziteshi zomsakazo ze-AM ngokuvamile zidinga imibhoshongo emide futhi enamandla ngenxa yobude obude bezimpawu zamaza e-AM. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukusabalala phansi, zidinga imibhoshongo enobude obuvumela ukumbozwa okubanzi futhi inqobe izithiyo. Imibhoshongo yesiteshi se-AM ivamise ukumiswa futhi ingahlanganisa isistimu yezintambo zabafana ukuze inikeze ukuzinza okwengeziwe ngokumelene namandla asemaceleni.
2. I-FM Station Towers noma iMasts: Izimpawu zomsakazo we-FM zinamaza amafushane amaza uma kuqhathaniswa namasignali e-AM, okubavumela ukuthi basakaze ngendlela eqondile yomugqa wokubona. Ngenxa yalokho, imibhoshongo yeziteshi ze-FM ingaba mifushane ngobude uma iqhathaniswa nemibhoshongo ye-AM. Okugxilwe kukho emibhoshongweni ye-FM ukubeka izimpondo endaweni ephakeme ukuze kufinyelelwe ukudluliswa komugqa wokubona, ukunciphisa izithiyo nokwandisa ukumbozwa kwamasignali.
3. I-TV Station Towers noma iMasts: Iziteshi ze-TV zidinga imibhoshongo noma ama-mass ukuze zisekele izimpondo ezisakaza inhlobonhlobo yamafrikhwensi eziteshini ze-TV ezihlukene. Le mibhoshongo ivame ukuba yinde kunemibhoshongo ye-FM ukuze ikwazi ukumelana namaza aphezulu asetshenziswa ekusakazeni kwe-TV. Imibhoshongo yeziteshi ze-TV ivamise ukufaka izimpondo eziningi futhi zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngamaphethini emisebe aqondisayo, okuvumela ukumbozwa okuqondiwe ezindaweni ezithile.

 

Ukucatshangelwa Kwesakhiwo Nemithethonqubo

 

Kungakhathalekile ifomethi yokusakaza, ubuqotho besakhiwo nokuhambisana nemithetho kuhlala kubalulekile ekufakweni kombhoshongo noma insika. Izinto ezinjengomthwalo womoya, ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo, ukulayishwa kweqhwa, nokucatshangelwa kokuzamazama komhlaba kufanele kubhekwane nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuzinza kwesakhiwo ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo.

 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izwe ngalinye noma isifunda singaba nemithethonqubo ethile nemihlahlandlela elawula ukufakwa kombhoshongo noma insika, okuhlanganisa nezimfuneko zokukhanyisa, ukupenda, nokuphepha kwezindiza.

 

Nali ithebula lokuqhathanisa eligqamisa umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwemibhoshongo noma ama-mass asetshenziswa ku-AM, FM, neziteshi ze-TV:

 

aspect	AM Station Towers/Masts	I-FM Station Towers/Masts	I-TV Station Towers/Masts
Isidingo Sokuphakama	Mude ngenxa yamaza amade amasiginali we-AM	Ngokuqhathaniswa imifushane kunemibhoshongo ye-AM yokusakaza komugqa wokubona	Yinde kunemibhoshongo ye-FM ukuze ikwazi ukwamukela amaza okusakaza kamabonakude aphezulu
Ukusakazwa Kwesiginali	Ukusakazeka kwamagagasi aphansi ngokufaka okubanzi	Ukusakazwa komugqa wokubona ngokugxila ekudluliselweni okuqondile	Ukudluliswa kwe-line-of-sight okunembobo eqondiwe ezindaweni ezithile
Ukucatshangelwa Kwesakhiwo	Idinga ukwakhiwa okuqinile kanye nokubekwa phansi, kungase kuhlanganise izintambo zabafana	Idizayini eqinile yokuphakama nokusakazwa komugqa wokubona	Idizayini eqinile yokufaka izimpondo eziningi namaphethini emisebe eqondisayo
Ukuthobela Ukulawula	Ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo elawula ukuphakama kombhoshongo nokubekwa phansi	Ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo yobude bombhoshongo kanye nomugqa wokubona	Ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo yobude bombhoshongo, izimpondo eziningi, namaphethini emisebe eqondisayo
Ukubonisana ngochwepheshe	Kubalulekile ukuthobelana, ukuphepha, kanye nokwenza kahle	Kubalulekile ukuthobelana, ukuphepha, kanye nomugqa wokubona ophelele	Ibalulekile ekuthotshelweni, ekuphepheni, kanye nasekufakweni okuphelele kweziteshi eziningi ze-TV

  

Ukukhetha umbhoshongo olungile noma i-Mast

 

Lapho ukhetha umbhoshongo noma insika yohlelo lwe-antenna, izici ezimbalwa zidinga ukucatshangelwa:

 

1. Izimfuneko zobude: Nquma ubude obudingekayo ngokusekelwe endaweni efiselekayo yokukhava kanye nezici ezithile zamasiginali e-RF adluliswayo noma atholwayo.
2. Umthwalo Wokuthwala: Cabangela isisindo nosayizi wezinti nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umbhoshongo noma insika ingasekela ngokuphepha umthwalo ohlosiwe.
3. Izimo Zemvelo: Linganisa izimo zemvelo endaweni yokufaka, okuhlanganisa isivinini somoya, ukuhluka kwezinga lokushisa, namandla okunqwabelana kweqhwa noma iqhwa. Khetha umbhoshongo noma insika eklanyelwe ukumelana nalezi zimo.
4. Ukuhambisana Komthetho: Ukuhambisana nemithetho yendawo kanye namakhodi okwakha kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha nezomthetho. Qinisekisa ukuthi umbhoshongo okhethiwe noma insika ihlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso ezisebenzayo nezimfuneko.
5. Ukwandiswa Okuzayo: Lindela ukukhula okuzayo noma izinguquko ohlelweni lwe-antenna bese ukhetha umbhoshongo noma insika engamukela izimpondo ezengeziwe noma okokusebenza uma kudingeka.

Kungani I-FM Transmitting Tower ibalulekile?

 

Umbhoshongo uzosebenza njenge-antenna ngokwawo noma usekele uthi olulodwa noma ngaphezulu esakhiweni sawo ngoba kufanele bathumele amasiginali anamandla ebangeni elide, okuhlanganisa nezitsha ze-microwave. Lawa ma-antenna akhipha amandla kagesi e-radiofrequency (RF) (EME). Kodwa awudingi lutho olukhulu kangako ku-TV yakho noma umsakazo ekhaya: uthi oluncane kakhulu luzokwenza umsebenzi kahle.

Ikhebula le-RF Coaxial

Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile ekudluliseni amasignali amaza aphezulu. Akhiwe ngezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile: i-conductor emaphakathi, i-dielectric insulation, i-shielding, nejazi langaphandle. Lo mklamo uvumela ukudluliswa kwesignali okuphumelelayo ngenkathi kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali kanye nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.

 

 

I-RF Coaxial Cables isebenza kanjani?

 

Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisebenza ngokudlulisa amasignali amaza aphezulu eduze kwekhondatha emaphakathi kuyilapho isivikelo sivimbela ukuvuza kwesignali nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Ikhondatha emaphakathi, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngentambo yethusi eqinile noma elukiwe, iphethe isignali kagesi. Izungezwe ungqimba lwe-dielectric insulation, okusebenza ukugcina ubuqotho nokuzinza kwesignali ngokuvimbela ukuvuza kwesignali noma ukuphazamiseka.

 

Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuvikela isignali ekuphazamisekeni kwangaphandle, amakhebuli angama-coaxial ahlanganisa ukuvikela. Isendlalelo esivikelayo sizungeze i-dielectric insulation, sisebenza njengesivimbelo ngokumelene nokuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kanye nokuphazamiseka kwefrikhwensi yomsakazo (RFI). Lesi sivikelo sivimbela umsindo ongafuneki noma amasiginali ekwehliseni isithunzi isignali edlulisiwe.

  

  

Ijazi langaphandle linikeza ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kanye nokwahlukanisa ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zekhebula le-coaxial, liyivikela ekulimaleni ngokomzimba nasezicini zemvelo.

 

Idizayini ye-coaxial, ne-conductor yayo emaphakathi ezungezwe isivikelo, inikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile kunezinye izinhlobo zamakhebula. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kunikeza ubuqotho besignali ephakeme, iqinisekisa ukuthi isignali edlulisiwe ihlala iqinile futhi inembile. Ukwengeza, isivikelo sivimbela ngempumelelo umsindo wangaphandle, okuholela ekudlulisweni kwesignali okucacile futhi okuthembekile.

 

Izinhlobo ze-Coaxial Cable

 

Izintambo zamakhoaxial ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kanye nobubanzi befrikhwensi. Nakhu okufingqiwe kwezinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zamakhebuli angama-coaxial:

 

• RG178R: I-G178 ikhebula le-coaxial eliguquguqukayo elinobubanzi obuncane, elivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-high-frequency lapho isikhala silinganiselwe. Ayisindi, inokuguquguquka okuhle, futhi ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengokuxhumana kweselula, i-aerospace, nemishini yezempi.
• I-SYV-50: I-SYV-50 iyikhebula le-coaxial elingu-50-ohm elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwevidiyo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF eziphansi. Ivamise ukutholakala ezinhlelweni ze-CCTV, ukugadwa kwevidiyo, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kudingeka khona ukuthintana okuncane.
• RG58: I-RG58 iyikhebula elidumile elingu-50-ohm coaxial elifanele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF. Inikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle, amandla okuphatha amandla amaphakathi, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa kwezokuxhumana ngocingo, ukuxhumana ngomsakazo, kanye noxhumo lwe-RF lwezinjongo ezijwayelekile.
• RG59: I-RG59 iyikhebula le-coaxial engu-75-ohm esetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukudlulisa isignali yevidiyo ne-TV. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikamabonakude zekhebula nezesathelayithi, ukufakwa kwe-CCTV, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zevidiyo lapho ukuhlotshaniswa kwe-impedance nama-75 ohms kuyadingeka.
• RG213: I-RG213 iyikhebula eliqinile, elilahleka kancane elinobubanzi obukhudlwana namandla aphezulu okubamba. Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF enamandla amakhulu futhi ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza, umsakazo wezimfundamakhwela, kanye nokuxhumana okude.

 

Ezinye Izinhlobo

Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamakhebuli angama-coaxial atholakalayo, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kanye nobubanzi befrikhwensi. Ezinye izibonelo ezengeziwe zihlanganisa:

• RG6: Ikhebula elingu-75-ohm coaxial elivame ukusetshenziselwa i-cable TV, i-TV yesathelayithi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-inthanethi ye-broadband.
• I-LMR-400: Intambo ye-coaxial elahlekelwa kancane ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF zamandla aphezulu kanye nebanga elide. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekufakweni kwangaphandle kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo.
• Ikhebula le-Triaxial: Ikhebula le-coaxial elikhethekile elinesendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela, elinikeza ukuvikeleka okuthuthukisiwe ekuphazamisekeni kozibuthe kagesi (EMI) nomsindo.

 

Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zezinhlobo eziningi zamakhebula e-coaxial atholakalayo, ngayinye enezici zayo ezithize kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Lapho ukhetha intambo ye-coaxial, cabanga ngezidingo zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ibanga lefrikhwensi oyifunayo, i-impedance, amandla okubamba amandla, nezimo zemvelo.

 

Ukukhetha RF Coaxial Cables

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha izintambo ze-RF coaxial:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Nquma ububanzi befrikhwensi yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Amakhebuli angama-coaxial ahlukene aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lefrikhwensi. Khetha ikhebuli engaphatha ibanga lefrikhwensi oyifunayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwesignali okubalulekile.
2. Impedance: Qondanisa i-impedance ye-coaxial cable nezimfuneko zesistimu yakho. Amanani okuvimbela avamile ezintambo ze-RF coaxial angama-50 ohms nama-75 ohms, kanti ama-ohms angu-50 asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-RF.
3. Ukulahleka Kwesiginali kanye Nokuncipha: Linganisa izici zokunciphisa ikhebula ebangeni lefrikhwensi oyifunayo. Ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi kuqinisekisa ubuqotho besignali engcono kanye nokusebenza kahle kokudlulisela.
4. Amandla Okuphatha: Qinisekisa ukuthi ikhebuli ingaphatha amaleveli amandla adingekayo kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Amaleveli wamandla aphezulu angase adinge amakhebuli anamakhondatha amakhulu namandla angcono okubamba amandla.
5. Uhlobo Lwekhebula Namazinga: Izinhlobo zamakhebula ezihlukene ziyatholakala ezinezici ezithile. Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezintambo ze-RF coaxial ezitholakalayo, ngayinye enezici ezithile kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Izibonelo zifaka i-RG58, RG59, RG213, nezinye eziningi, ngayinye yakhelwe ububanzi obuhlukahlukene befrikhwensi, amandla okubamba amandla, nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
6. Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo: Hlola izimo zemvelo ikhebula elizochayeka kuzo. Cabangela izici ezifana nebanga lokushisa, ukumelana nomswakama, ukumelana ne-UV, kanye nezidingo zokuvumelana nezimo.

 

Amakhebuli e-RF Coxial anconyelwe wena

 

SYV-50 Series (8/15/20/30M)	RG178 1/3/5/10M B/U PTFE FTP

    

I-Hardline Coax

I-Hardline coax iwuhlobo lwekhebula eliqinile elihlanganisa ikhondukta yangaphandle eqinile, ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngethusi noma nge-aluminium. Ngokungafani nezintambo ze-coax eziguquguqukayo, i-hardline coax igcina isimo sayo futhi ayikwazi ukugoba noma ukugoba kalula. Idizayinelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga umthamo wokuphatha amandla aphezulu, ukulahleka kwesignali ephansi, nokuvikela okungcono.

 

 

Isebenza kanjani i-Hardline Coax?

 

I-Hardline coax isebenza ngesimiso esifanayo nezinye izintambo eziqinile. Iqukethe i-conductor emaphakathi ezungezwe i-dielectric insulator, ebuye izungezwe umqhubi wangaphandle oqinile. Lo mklamo uqinisekisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali okuncane futhi unikeza isivikelo esihle kakhulu ngokumelene nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.

 

Umqhubi wangaphandle oqinile we-hardline coax unikeza ukusebenza kukagesi okuphakeme kanye nokuzinza kwemishini. Inciphisa ukuvuza kwesignali futhi inciphise ukuthukuthela, iyenze ifanelekele ukudluliswa kwe-RF enamandla amakhulu emabangeni amade.

 

Izinhlobo ze-Hardline Coax

 

Izintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial ziza ngosayizi abahlukahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe amandla athile okuphatha amandla kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Nakhu ukubuka kabanzi kwezinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa ze-hardline coax:

 

1. 1-5/8" i-Hardline Coax: I-1-5/8" i-hardline coax ikhebula le-hardline coaxial enosayizi omkhulu elivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-RF ezinamandla aphezulu. Inikeza amandla okubamba amandla aphezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi, okuyenza ifanelekele izidingo zebanga elide nezinamandla aphezulu. Isetshenziswa kaningi ezinhlelweni ezifana nokusakaza, iziteshi zamaselula, kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
2. 1/2" I-Hardline Coax: I-1/2" i-hardline coax intambo eqinile enosayizi omaphakathi esetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezihlukene ze-RF. Ihlinzeka ngomthamo omuhle wokubamba amandla kanye nokulahlekelwa kwesignali okumaphakathi. I-1/2" i-hardline coax ifanele ukufakwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle futhi ithola izinhlelo zokusebenza ngocingo. ukuxhumana, umsakazo wezimfundamakhwela, namasistimu amaseli amancane.
3. 7/8" I-Hardline Coax: I-7/8" i-hardline coax iwusayizi odumile osetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-RF lapho kudingeka khona ibhalansi phakathi kokubamba amandla nosayizi wekhebula. Ivamise ukufakwa kumanethiwekhi amaselula, izixhumanisi zama-microwave, nezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezisebenza ngamaza aphezulu. 7/8" I-hardline coax inikeza ukuvumelana okuhle phakathi kwamandla okuphatha amandla, ukulahlekelwa kwesignali, nokufaka kalula.
4. 3/8" I-Hardline Coax: I-hardline coax enosayizi omncane ifanele izinhlelo zokuxhumana zebanga elifushane, njengamanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi namadivayisi amancane angenantambo.
5. 1-1/4" i-Hardline Coax: I-hardline coax enosayizi omkhulu esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimboni ezinamandla amakhulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo zebanga elide.
6. 2-1/4" i-Hardline Coax: I-hardline coax enosayizi omkhulu kakhulu efakwe kuzinhlelo zokuxhumana zamandla aphezulu, amabanga amade, okuhlanganisa imibhoshongo yokusakaza kanye namanethiwekhi amakhulu angenantambo.

 

Ukukhetha i-Hardline Coax

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha i-hardline coax: 

 

1. Amandla Okuphatha: Nquma izidingo zokuphatha amandla zohlelo lwakho lwe-RF. Khetha i-coax eqinile engakwazi ukuphatha amazinga wamandla adingekayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwesignali okuphawulekayo noma ukuwohloka.
2. Ukulahleka Kwesiginali: Linganisa izici zokulahlekelwa kwesignali ze-hardline coax ebangeni lakho lokuvama olufunayo. Ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobuqotho besignali kumabanga amade.
3. Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo: Hlola izimo zemvelo i-hardline coax ezovezwa kuzo, njengezinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokumelana ne-UV. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-hardline coax ekhethiwe ifanele izidingo ezithile zemvelo zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
4. Izidingo Zokufaka: Cabangela ukufakwa kalula kanye nanoma yiziphi izidingo ezithile zokufaka. Izintambo eziqinile ze-coax zinesakhiwo esiqinile esingase sidinge ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nezixhumi ezifanele ukuze ziqedwe.
5. Imvamisa Range: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-hardline coax isekela ibanga lemvamisa elidingekayo kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hardline coax zidizayinelwe izigaba ezithile zokuvama, ngakho-ke khetha eyodwa ehambisana nezidingo zakho zokuvama.
6. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-hardline coax iyahambisana nezixhumi zesistimu yakho ye-RF nezinye izingxenye. Qinisekisa ukuthi izixhumi nokunqanyulwa kwe-hardline coax ekhethiwe zitholakala kalula futhi zilungele uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.

 

Amakhebuli e-Hardline Coax anconyelwe wena

 

1/2" Isiphakeli esiqinile	7/8" Isiphakeli esiqinile	1-5/8" Isiphakeli esiqinile

    

Izingxenye Zemigqa Yokudluliswa Kwe-Coaxial Eqinile

Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile ihlanganisa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze zinikeze ukudluliswa kwesignali okuphumelelayo nokusekelwa.

 

 

Nasi isingeniso ezingxenyeni ezijwayelekile zemigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile:

 

1. I-Rigid Line Tube: Ingxenye eyinhloko yolayini wokudlulisela, ohlanganisa i-conductor yangaphandle eqinile, i-conductor yangaphakathi, ne-dielectric insulator. Inikeza indlela yokudlulisa isignali ye-RF.
2. Izigaba ezifanayo: Isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukufana okufanele kwe-impedance phakathi kwezigaba ezahlukene zolayini wokudlulisela noma phakathi kolayini wokudlulisela kanye nezinye izingxenye zesistimu.
3. Usekelo lwangaphakathi: Isakhiwo sokusekela esibamba i-conductor yangaphakathi endaweni futhi sigcine isikhala esifanele phakathi kwamakhondakta angaphakathi nangaphandle.
4. Ukusekela kwe-Flange: Inikeza ukusekela nokuqondanisa kokuxhunywa kwe-flange, iqinisekisa ukukhwelana okulungile nokuthintana kukagesi.
5. I-Flange kuya ku-adaptha engafingqiwe: Iguqula uxhumano oluphendukile lube uxhumano olungaguquki, okuvumela ukuhambisana phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukene noma izingxenye zolayini wokudlulisela.
6. Umkhono Wangaphandle: Izungeza futhi ivikele i-conductor yangaphandle yolayini wokudlulisa, inikeze ukuzinza nokuvikela.
7. Ichashazi langaphakathi: Iqinisekisa ukuqondanisa okufanele kanye nokuxhumana kukagesi phakathi kwe-conductor yangaphakathi nezinye izakhi.
8. Izindololwane: Isetshenziselwa ukushintsha indlela yolayini wokudlulisela, okuvumela ukufakwa ezindaweni eziqinile noma umzila ozungeze izithiyo.
9. Ama-adaptha we-coaxial: Isetshenziselwa ukuxhumana noma ukuguqulwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezixhumi ze-coaxial.

 

Lapho ukhetha izintambo zokudlulisa i-coaxial eziqinile kanye nezingxenye ezihambisana nazo, cabangela izidingo ezithile zohlelo lwakho lwe-RF, amandla okubamba amandla, ububanzi befrikhwensi, izimo zemvelo, nokuhambisana nezinye izingxenye.

 

Izingxenye Ezinconyelwe kanye Nezingxenye Zemigqa Eqinile Yakho

  

I-Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line Tubes	90 Degree Izindololwane	I-Flange Inner Supports	Ifakwe ku-adaptha Engagxilile
Inhlamvu Yangaphakathi	Ukusekela Kwangaphakathi	Ukumatanisa Izigaba	Imikhono yangaphandle
Ama-adaptha we-Coaxial

 

Izixhumi ze-Coax

Izixhumi ze-coax ziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kahle kukagesi nokumatanisa kwe-impedance phakathi kwamakhebula ama-coaxial namadivayisi axhuma kuwo. Banomklamo wesici ovumela ukuthi kube lula futhi kuthembekile ukuxhumeka nokunqanyulwa, ngenkathi igcina ubuqotho bokudluliselwa kwesignali ngaphakathi kwekhebula le-coaxial.

 

 

I-Coax Connectors isebenza kanjani?

 

Izixhumi ze-Coax ngokuvamile zihlanganisa isixhumi sowesilisa nowesifazane. Isixhumi sowesilisa sinephini elimaphakathi elidlulela kusixhumi sowesifazane, lidale ukuxhumana okuphephile. Amakhondaktha angaphandle azo zombili izixhumi anentambo noma afaka uhlobo oluthile lwendlela yokukhiya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlangana okufanele nokuvikela ukunqanyulwa ngengozi.

 

Lapho izixhumi ezimbili ze-coax zihlanganiswa ndawonye, ​​amakhondaktha amaphakathi ayaxhumana, okuvumela isignali ukuthi idlule. Amakhondaktha angaphandle (izihlangu) ezixhumi agcina ukuqhubeka kukagesi futhi anikeze isivikelo ngokumelene nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle, ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwesignali efanele kanye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali.

 

Izinhlobo Coax Izixhumi

 

Izixhumi ze-Coax ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kanye nobubanzi befrikhwensi. Nakhu ukubuka konke kwezinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zezixhumi ze-coax:

 

• I-RF Coaxial Adaptor: I-adaptha ye-coaxial ye-RF ayilona uhlobo oluthile lwesixhumi kodwa iyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma noma ukuguqula phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezixhumi ze-coaxial. Ama-adaptha avumela ukuxhumana okungenamthungo phakathi kwezinhlobo zekhebula le-coaxial ezihlukahlukene noma izixhumi lapho kuphakama izinkinga zokusebenzisana.
• I-N-Type Coaxial Connector: Isixhumi sohlobo lwe-N-coaxial yisixhumi esinentambo esisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-RF esifika ku-11 GHz. Inikeza ukuxhumana okuthembekile, ukusebenza kahle, futhi iyakwazi ukuphatha amazinga wamandla amaphakathi. Isixhumi sohlobo lwe-N sivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezingenantambo, imishini yokusakaza, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlola nokulinganisa.
• 7/16 DIN (L-29) Isixhumi se-Coaxial: I-7/16 DIN noma i-L-29 coaxial connector iyisixhumi esikhudlwana, esinamandla aphezulu esilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-high-frequency. Inikeza ukulahleka okuphansi namandla okubamba amandla aphezulu, okuyenza ilungele iziteshi eziyisisekelo zamaselula, izinhlelo zokusakaza, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF ezinamandla aphezulu.
• Isixhumi se-EIA Flange Coaxial: Isixhumi se-EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) flange coaxial sisetshenziselwa uxhumo lwe-RF olunamandla amakhulu. Ifaka i-flange eyindilinga enezimbobo zebhawodi ukuze ifakwe ngokuvikelekile futhi ivame ukutholakala ezinhlelweni ze-waveguide, ezisetshenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwe-high-frequency kanye ne-microwave.
• I-BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman): Isixhumi sesitayela se-bayonet esivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zomsindo nevidiyo kufika ku-4 GHz.
• I-SMA (Inguqulo engaphansi engu-A): Isixhumi esiluchungechunge esisetshenziselwa amafrikhwensi afika ku-18 GHz, ngokuvamile atholakala kumasistimu angenawaya nama-microwave.
• I-TNC (Uchungechunge lwe-Neill-Concelman): Isixhumi esiluchungechunge esifana ne-BNC kodwa esisebenza kangcono kumafrikhwensi aphezulu.

  

Ukukhetha Coax Izixhumi

  

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha izixhumi ze-coax:

  

1. Imvamisa Range: Cabangela ububanzi befrikhwensi yentambo ye-coaxial nezinto zokusebenza ozixhumayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi esikhethiwe se-coax siklanyelwe ukuphatha ibanga lemvamisa ngaphandle kokucekelwa phansi kwesignali okubalulekile.
2. Ukufanisa Impedance: Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi se-coax sifana nokucaciswa kwe-impedance yekhebuli ye-coaxial (ngokuvamile i-50 noma 75 ohms). Ukumatanisa okufanele kwe-impedance kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe ukubonakaliswa kwesignali nokugcina ubuqotho besignali.
3. Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo: Hlola izimo zemvelo zohlelo oluhlosiwe. Ezinye izixhumi zingase zinikeze izici ezingcono zokuvala noma zokuvikela isimo sezulu, zizenze zifanelekele izindawo zangaphandle noma ezinokhahlo.
4. Ukuqina Nokuthembeka: Cabangela ukuqina nokuthembeka kwesixhumi se-coax. Bheka izixhumi ezakhiwe ngezinto zekhwalithi ephezulu, ukukhiqizwa okunembayo, nezindlela zokukhiya ezinokwethenjelwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana okuphephile nokuhlala isikhathi eside.
5. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi se-coax esikhethiwe sihambisana nohlobo lwekhebula le-coaxial kanye namadivayisi noma izinto zokusebenza ozixhumayo. Qinisekisa ubukhulu besixhumi, uchungechunge, nesixhumi esibonakalayo ukuze uqinisekise ukukhwelana okulungile nokuxhumana okuvikelekile.

 

IF45 7/8" EIA Fnage	IF70 1-5/8" EIA Fnage	IF110 3-1/8" EIA Fnage	NJ 1/2" Indoda
NK 1/2" Owesifazane	L29-J 1/2" Owesilisa	L29-J 7/8" Owesilisa	L29-K 7/8" Owesifazane
L29-K 1/2" Owesifazane	7/16 Din kuya ku-N L29-J Owesilisa kuya ku-N Male	L29-J Male 7/16 Din to IF45 7/8" EIA	L29-J Male 7/16 Din to IF70 1-5/8" EIA
L29-J Male 7/16 Din to IF110 3-1/8" EIA

 

I-LPS Lightning Protection System

I-LPS, noma Uhlelo Lokuvikela Umbani, iwuhlelo olubanzi lwezinyathelo namathuluzi asetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela olimazayo wokushaywa kombani.

 

 

Ihlose ukunikeza indlela yokuqondisa ukuze umbani uhlakazeke ngokuphepha emhlabathini, ukuvimbela ukulimala kwezakhiwo kanye nemishini ebucayi.

  

Isebenza kanjani i-LPS?

 

I-LPS ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:

 

1. Izikhumulo Zomoya (Izinduku Zombani): Kufakwe ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zesakhiwo, amatheminali omoya aheha umbani futhi anikeze indlela ekhethwayo yokukhipha.
2. Ama-Down Conductor: Amakhondaktha ensimbi, ngokuvamile ngendlela yezinduku noma izintambo, axhuma amatheminali omoya phansi. Bahambisa umbani phansi, bedlula isakhiwo kanye nemishini.
3. Uhlelo Lokugawula: Inethiwekhi yezinto eziqhutshwayo, okuhlanganisa izinduku zomhlabathi noma amapuleti, isiza ukuhlakazeka kwamandla ombani emhlabathini.
4. Amadivayisi okuvikela ama-Surge (ama-SPD): Ama-SPD afakwa ezindaweni zamasu ngaphakathi kwamasistimu kagesi nawe-elekthronikhi ukuze kuphambukiswe ukuhamba kukagesi kwesikhashana okubangelwa ukushaywa umbani kude nezinto ezibucayi. Basiza ukuvimbela ukulimala kwemishini ngenxa yokugcwala ngokweqile.

 

Ngokunikeza indlela yokumelana okuncane namandla ombani, i-LPS iqinisekisa ukuthi amandla avela ekushayweni kombani adluliswa ngokuphephile kude nesakhiwo nezinto zaso, kunciphisa ubungozi bomlilo, ukulimala kwesakhiwo, nokwehluleka kwemishini.

 

Ukukhetha i-LPS

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha i-LPS:

 

1. Ukuhlola ingozi: Yenza ukuhlolwa kobungozi ukuze kutholwe izinga lokuchayeka kombani esakhiweni nasezinsizeni. Izinto ezifana nendawo, izimo zezulu zendawo, nokuphakama kwesakhiwo kuthonya ingozi. Izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu zingadinga izinyathelo zokuvikela ezibanzi.
2. Ukuhambisana Namazinga: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-LPS ihlangabezana nezidingo zamazinga aziwayo afana ne-NFPA 780, IEC 62305, noma amakhodi okwakha endawo afanelekile. Ukuhambisana nalawa mazinga kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-LPS yakhelwe futhi ifakwe ngendlela efanele.
3. Ukucatshangelwa kwesakhiwo: Cabangela izici zesakhiwo sesakhiwo noma isikhungo. Izinto ezinjengobude, uhlobo lophahla, nokwakheka kwezinto kunomthelela ekwakhiweni nasekufakweni kwamatheminali omoya kanye namakhondakta aphansi.
4. Ukuvikelwa Kwezisetshenziswa: Hlola okokusebenza okudinga ukuvikelwa ekuqubukeni okubangelwa umbani. Amathuluzi ahlukene angase abe nezidingo ezithile zokuvikela ukuhlinzwa. Xhumana nochwepheshe ukuze unqume ukubekwa okufanele kanye nokucaciswa kwama-SPD ukuze kuvikelwe okokusebenza okubalulekile.
5. Ukunakekela Nokuhlola: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-LPS ihlolwa njalo futhi inakekelwe. Izinhlelo zokuvikela umbani zingase ziwohloke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ukulungiswa njalo kusiza ukuhlonza nokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga noma izingxenye ezinephutha.
6. Isitifiketi Nobungcweti: Bandakanya ochwepheshe abaqinisekisiwe bokuvikela umbani noma abaxhumanisi abanolwazi lokuklama nokufaka ama-LPS. Banganikeza isiqondiso futhi baqinisekise ukuthi uhlelo lusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.

 

Isistimu Yokuvikela Ukukhanya Enconyelwe Wena

  

Imininingwane engeziwe:   https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/detail/lps-lightning-protection-system.html	izinto	Imininingwane
	Impahla (induku yombani)	Ithusi nensimbi engagqwali
	Impahla (insulation rod)	I-epoxy resin
	Impahla (induku yokubeka phansi)	insimbi eyenziwe nge-electroplated surface
	isitayela	Ongakukhetha kusukela kusitayela senaliti eyodwa, isitayela esiyisiyingi sethiphu eqinile, isitayela samabhola amaningi, njll.
	Usayizi (cm)	1.6M

  

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I-Studio to Transmitter Link

 

Isisetshenziswa seSitudiyo esiyisa ku-Transmitter Link

I-Studio to Transmitter Link (STL) iwuhlelo oluzinikele lwezokuxhumana oluxhumanisa isitudiyo sesiteshi somsakazo noma indawo yokukhiqiza nesizinda saso sokusakaza. Inhloso ye-STL ukudlulisa isignali yomsindo isuka esitudiyo noma endaweni yokukhiqiza iye kumshicileli, ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa okuthembekile nokusezingeni eliphezulu kohlelo lomsakazo.

 

 

Sisebenza kanjani i-Studio to Transmitter Link?

 

Ama-STL ngokuvamile asebenzisa inhlanganisela yezindlela zokudlulisela ngezintambo noma ezingenantambo ukuze asungule isixhumanisi esinokwethenjelwa phakathi kwesitudiyo nesayithi lomthumeli. Imininingwane yokusetha kwe-STL ingahluka kuye ngebanga eliphakathi kwesitudiyo nesidlulisi, ukucatshangelwa kwendawo, ingqalasizinda etholakalayo, kanye nezidingo zokulawula. Nazi izinhlobo ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile zamasistimu e-STL:

 

• Izixhumanisi zeMicrowave: Ama-STL ama-Microwave asebenzisa amaza omsakazo wefrikhwensi ephezulu ukuze asungule uxhumano lomugqa wokubona phakathi kwestudiyo nesayithi lomthumeli. Zidinga ukubonakala okucacile phakathi kwalezi zindawo ezimbili futhi zisebenzise izimpondo ze-microwave ukuze zidlulise futhi zamukele amasignali.
• Izixhumanisi Zesathelayithi: Ama-STL wesathelayithi asebenzisa ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi ukuze asungule isixhumanisi phakathi kwesitudiyo nendawo yokuthumela imiyalezo. Zibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha zesathelayithi futhi zidinga i-uplink yesathelayithi esitudiyo kanye ne-downlink endaweni yokusakaza.
• Amanethiwekhi e-IP: Ama-STL asekelwe ku-IP asebenzisa amanethiwekhi ephrothokholi ye-inthanethi (IP), afana ne-Ethernet noma uxhumano lwe-inthanethi, ukuze adlulisele umsindo nedatha phakathi kwesitudiyo nesayithi lomthumeli. Le ndlela ivamise ukubandakanya ukubhala ngekhodi isignali yomsindo kumaphakethe we-IP bese iwathumela ngengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi.

 

Amasistimu e-STL angaphinda ahlanganise izindlela zokuphinda zisebenze ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukusetshenziswa kokuxhumeka kwekhophi yasenqolobaneni noma okokusebenza okungasasebenzi ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokulahleka kwesignali noma ukuphazamiseka.

 

Ukukhetha i-Studio to Transmitter Link

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha Isixhumanisi Se-Studio to Transmitter:

 

1. Ibanga kanye Nomugqa Wokubona: Nquma ibanga eliphakathi kwesitudiyo nendawo yokuhambisa bese uhlola ukuthi ukhona yini umugqa ocacile wokubona noma ingqalasizinda efanelekile yokusetha i-STL. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni ubuchwepheshe obufanele, obufana ne-microwave noma isathelayithi, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zendlela yokudlulisa.
2. Ukwethembeka Nokungadingeki: Linganisa ukwethembeka kanye nezinketho zokuphinda zingasebenzi okunikezwa uhlelo lwe-STL. Bheka izici ezifana nokuxhunywa kwekhophi yasenqolobaneni, ukunganaki kwemishini, noma izindlela ezihlulekayo ukuze uqinisekise ukudluliswa okungaphazamiseki esimweni lapho isixhumanisi noma isisetshenziswa sihluleka.
3. Ikhwalithi yomsindo kanye nomkhawulokudonsa: Cabangela izidingo zekhwalithi yomsindo wesiteshi sakho somsakazo. Qinisekisa ukuthi isistimu ye-STL ingakwazi ukuphatha umkhawulokudonsa odingekayo ukuze udlulise isignali yomsindo ngaphandle kokucekelwa phansi noma ukulahlekelwa ikhwalithi.
4. Ukuhambisana Komthetho: Qonda futhi uthobele noma yiziphi izimfuneko zokulawula ezihlobene nokwabiwa kwemvamisa, ukunikwa kwelayisensi, noma ezinye izici ezingokomthetho ezingase zibe nomthelela ekukhetheni nasekusetshenzisweni kohlelo lwe-STL.
5. I-Scalability kanye Nokwandiswa Kwekusasa: Hlola ukuqina kohlelo lwe-STL ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokukhula okungenzeka kwekusasa noma izinguquko ezidingweni zesiteshi somsakazo. Cabangela ikhono lokuthuthukisa noma ukwandisa isistimu kalula njengoba kudingeka.

 

ISitudiyo Esinconyelwe ku-Transmitter Link Solutions zakho:

 

5.8 GHz 10KM1 HDMI/SDI	5.8 GHz 10KM 1 I-HDMI/SDI/Stereo 4 ukuya ku-1	5.8 GHz 10KM 4 AES/EBU	5.8 GHz 10KM 4 AV/CVBS

5.8 GHz 10KM 4 HDMI/Stereo	5.8 GHz 10KM 8 HDMI	100-1K MHz & 7-9 GHz, 60KM, Izindleko eziphansi

 

I-STL Transmitter

Ama-STL (i-Studio-to-Transmitter Link) amathuluzi aklanyelwe ukusakaza izinhlelo zokusebenza. Inhloso yabo ukusungula isixhumanisi somsindo noma ividiyo esithembekile nesisezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kwestudiyo nendawo yokusakaza yomsakazo noma isiteshi se-TV. Lawa ma-transmitters ahlinzeka ngoxhumano oluzinikele noluthembekile, oluqinisekisa ukuthi amasiginali asakazwayo afinyelela kumthumeli ngaphandle kokuwohloka noma ukuphazamiseka. Ngokuthutha amasiginali alalelwayo noma evidiyo ngesikhathi sangempela, izidluliseli ze-STL zidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho nekhwalithi yokuqukethwe okuthunyelwayo. Lapho ukhetha isidluliseli se-STL, izici ezifana nokuthembeka, ikhwalithi yesiginali, nokuhambisana nemishini ekhona kufanele kubhekwe ngokucophelela.

 

Asebenza kanjani ama-STL Transmitters?

 

Ama-STL transmitter ngokuvamile asebenza kuma-microwave noma ama-Frequency band e-UHF. Basebenzisa izimpondo eziqondisayo kanye namazinga aphezulu wamandla ukusungula isixhumanisi esiqinile nesingenaziphazamiso phakathi kwestudiyo nendawo yokudlulisela, engaba ngamamayela ngokuhlukana.

 

Ama-STL transmitters athola isignali yomsindo noma yevidiyo evela estudiyo, ngokuvamile ngefomethi yedijithali, futhi ayiguqule ibe uhlelo olufanele lokumodela ukuze ludluliselwe. Isiginali eshintshiwe ibe isikhuliswa ifinyelele kuleveli yamandla efiselekayo futhi idluliselwe ngaphandle kwentambo ngebhendi yefrikhwensi ekhethiwe.

 

Esayithini yokudlulisela, isamukeli esihambisanayo se-STL sithwebula isiginali edlulisiwe bese siyidiliza ibuyele kufomethi yayo yomsindo noma yevidiyo yoqobo. Isignali eyehlisiwe ibe isifakwa ohlelweni lokusakaza ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokucutshungulwa futhi kudluliselwe ezithamelini.

  

Ukukhetha ama-STL Transmitters

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha ama-STL transmitters:

 

1. I-Frequency Band: Nquma ibhendi yefrikhwensi efanelekile yesixhumanisi sakho se-STL, ucabangela izici ezifana nokwabiwa kwefrikhwensi etholakalayo, izidingo zokulawula, nokucatshangelwa kokuphazamiseka. Amabhendi avamile asetshenziselwa izixhumanisi ze-STL afaka i-microwave ne-UHF.
2. Ikhwalithi Yesiginali Nokwethenjelwa: Linganisa ikhwalithi yesiginali nokuthembeka okunikezwa isidluliseli se-STL. Bheka izici ezifana nokuhlanekezela kwesignali ephansi, isilinganiso esiphezulu sesignali-kuya-nomsindo, namandla okulungisa amaphutha ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela.
3. Xhuma Ibanga namandla: Cabangela ibanga phakathi kwesitudiyo nendawo yokudlulisela ukuze unqume umthamo wesixhumanisi odingekayo. Amabanga amade angase adinge amandla aphezulu kanye namasistimu aqinile ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho besignali.

I-STL Receiver

Abamukeli be-STL baklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukwamukela nokwehliswa kwezimpawu zomsindo noma zevidiyo ezithunyelwa ngesixhumanisi se-STL. Asetshenziswa endaweni yokuthumela imiyalezo ukuze athwebule okuqukethwe okudluliselwa ku-studio, aqinisekise ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokunembile kwamasiginali asakazwayo ukuze adluliselwe ezithamelini.

 

Basebenza kanjani Abamukeli be-STL?

 

Izamukeli ze-STL zivame ukuklanywa ukuthi zisebenze kubhendi yefrikhwensi efanayo nesidluliseli se-STL esihambelanayo. Basebenzisa izimpondo eziqondisayo kanye nezamukeli ezizwelayo ukuze bathwebule amasiginali adlulisiwe futhi bawaguqule bawabuyisele kumafomethi abo omsindo noma evidiyo.

 

Uma isignali edlulisiwe ifika kumamukeli we-STL, ibanjwa uthi lomamukeli. Isiginali eyamukelwe ibe isiyehliswa, okubandakanya ukukhipha umsindo wokuqala noma okuqukethwe kwevidiyo kusignali yenkampani yenethiwekhi eshintshiwe. Isiginali eyehlisiwe ibe isidluliswa ngemishini yokucubungula umsindo noma ividiyo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi futhi isilungiselele ukudluliswa ezithamelini.

 

Isiginali eyehlisiwe ivamise ukuhlanganiswa ohlelweni lokusakaza, lapho ihlanganiswa neminye imithombo yomsindo noma yevidiyo, icutshungulwe, futhi ikhuliswe ngaphambi kokuba kusakazwe izethameli ezihlosiwe.

 

Ukukhetha abamukeli be-STL

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha abamukeli be-STL:

 

1. I-Frequency Band: Nquma ibhendi yefrikhwensi ehambisana nesixhumanisi sakho se-STL, ehambisana nebhendi yefrikhwensi esetshenziswa isidluliseli se-STL. Qinisekisa ukuthi umamukeli udizayinelwe ukuthi asebenze ebangeni elifanayo lefrikhwensi ukuze amukele kahle futhi ahlehliselwe phansi.
2. Ukuzwela Kwesiginali kanye Nekhwalithi: Linganisa ukuzwela kwesignali kanye nekhwalithi enikezwa yisamukeli se-STL. Bheka abamukeli abanokuzwela okuphezulu ukuze uthwebule amasiginali abuthaka ezindaweni eziyinselele nezici eziqinisekisa ukwehliswa okunembile nokuthembekile kokuqukethwe okudlulisiwe.
3. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi umamukeli we-STL uyahambisana nohlelo lokumodulisa olusetshenziswa isidluliseli se-STL. Qinisekisa ukuthi umamukeli angakwazi ukucubungula izinga elithile lokumodela elisetshenziswa ohlelweni lwakho lokusakaza, njenge-analog FM, i-digital FM, noma amazinga we-TV yedijithali (isb, i-ATSC noma i-DVB).
4. Izinketho zokungadingeki nezekhophi yasenqolobaneni: Cabangela ukutholakala kokuphindaphindeka kanye nezinketho zokusekelayo zesixhumanisi se-STL. Ukusethwa kwe-Readundant receiver noma amandla okwamukela ukuhlukahluka kunganikeza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni futhi kuqinisekiswe ukwamukela okungaphazamiseki esimweni sokwehluleka kwemishini noma ukuphazamiseka kwesignali.

I-STL Antenna

Izimpondo ze-STL (Studio-to-Transmitter Link) ziyizimpondo eziyisipesheli ezisetshenziswa emsakazweni nakumabonakude ukuze kusungulwe isixhumanisi esithembekile nesisezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kwesitudiyo nendawo yokusakaza. Badlala indima ebalulekile ekudluliseni nasekutholeni amasiginali alalelwayo noma evidiyo ebangeni elide.

 

 

1. I-Parabolic Dish Antennas: Ama-antenna e-Parabolic dish avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-STL ngenzuzo yawo ephezulu namandla okuqondisa. Lawa ma-antenna aqukethe isibonisi sensimbi esimise okwesitsha kanye ne-feedhorn emi endaweni okugxilwe kuyo. Isibonisi sigxilisa amasignali adlulisiwe noma atholiwe ku-feedhorn, ethwebula noma ekhipha amasignali. I-Parabolic dish antenna ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kuzixhumanisi ze-STL ezikhomba-kuya-ephuzwini ebangeni elide.
2. Ama-Antenna e-Yagi: Izimpondo ze-Yagi, ezaziwa nangokuthi izimpondo ze-Yagi-Uda, zidumile ngezindawo zazo eziqondisayo kanye nokuzuza okusesilinganisweni. Ifaka uchungechunge lwama-elementi ahambisanayo, okuhlanganisa into eqhutshwayo, isibonisi, nomqondisi oyedwa noma ngaphezulu. Ama-antenna e-Yagi ayakwazi ukugxilisa iphethini yawo yemisebe endaweni ethile, ayenze ifanelekele ukudlulisa nokwamukela amasignali endaweni ethile. Avame ukusetshenziswa kuzixhumanisi ze-STL ebangeni elifushane noma njengama-antenna ayisizayo ukuze kufakwe ukugcwalisa.
3. I-Log-Periodic Antennas: Ama-antenna e-Log-periodic ayakwazi ukusebenza phezu kwebanga elibanzi lefrikhwensi, okuwenza asebenziseke ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kumasistimu e-STL adinga ukuguquguquka ukuze asekele amabhendi ahlukahlukene. Lawa ma-antenna aqukethe ama-dipolel amaningi ahambisanayo anobude obuhlukahlukene, okubavumela ukuthi bahlanganise amaza anhlobonhlobo. Ama-antenna e-Log-periodic anikeza inzuzo emaphakathi futhi avame ukusetshenziswa njengezimpondo ezinezinhloso eziningi ezinhlelweni zokusakaza.

 

Ama-STL Antennas Asebenza Kanjani Kusistimu ye-STL

 

Ohlelweni lwe-STL, uthi lwe-STL lusebenza njengesidluliseli noma umamukeli ukuze kusungulwe isixhumanisi esingenantambo phakathi kwestudiyo nesayithi lomthumeli. I-antenna ixhunywe kusidlulisi noma isamukeli se-STL, esikhiqiza noma esithwebula amasiginali omsindo noma wevidiyo. Indima ye-antenna iwukukhipha kahle noma ukuthwebula lawa masignali futhi uwadlulisele endaweni efiselekayo yokumboza.

 

Uhlobo lwe-antenna ye-STL esetshenzisiwe luncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene njengebanga lesixhumanisi, ibhendi yemvamisa, inzuzo edingekayo, kanye nezidingo zokuqondisa. Ama-antenna aqondisayo afana nezimpondo ze-parabolic dish kanye nezimpondo ze-Yagi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusungula isixhumanisi esigxilile nesithembekile phakathi kwestudiyo nendawo yokudlulisela. Ama-antenna e-Log-periodic, anokufakwa kwawo okubanzi kwamafrikhwensi, anikeza ukuguquguquka kwezinhlelo ezisebenza kumabhendi amafrikhwensi ahlukene.

 

Ukukhetha ama-STL Antennas

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha izinti ze-STL:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Nquma ububanzi befrikhwensi esetshenziswa kusistimu yakho ye-STL. Qinisekisa ukuthi uthi olukhethiwe luklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lefrikhwensi edingekayo ohlelweni lwakho lokusakaza.
2. Xhuma Ibanga: Hlola ibanga phakathi kwesitudiyo nendawo yokudlulisela. Amabanga amade angadinga ama-antenna anenzuzo ephezulu kanye nobude be-beamwid obuncane ukuze kugcinwe amandla esignali nekhwalithi.
3. I-Gain and Beamwithth: Linganisa izinzuzo nezidingo ze-beamwidth ngokusekelwe endaweni yokuhlanganisa nebanga lokuxhumanisa. Ama-antenna okuzuza okuphezulu anikeza ukufinyelela okude, kuyilapho ama-antenna e-beamwidth emincane anikeza ukumbozwa okugxile kakhulu.
4. I-Antenna Polarization: Cabangela i-polarization edingekayo yesistimu yakho ye-STL, njenge-polarization eqondile noma evundlile. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-antenna isekela i-polarization oyifunayo ukuze ulondoloze ukuhambisana nezinye izingxenye zesistimu.
5. Ukufaka nokukhweza: Hlola indawo etholakalayo kanye nezinketho zokukhweza zokufaka izinti ze-STL. Cabangela izici ezifana nobude bombhoshongo, ukulayishwa komoya, nokuhambisana nengqalasizinda ekhona phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha.
6. Ukuhambisana Komthetho: Qinisekisa ukuthi izimpondo ze-STL ezikhethiwe zithobela izindinganiso ezifanele zokulawula kanye nezidingo zamalayisensi endaweni yangakini.

 

Iphakheji yempahla ye-STL enconyelwe Wena

 

I-STL ngaphezulu kwe-IP	Iphakheji yesixhumanisi se-STL	I-STL Transmitter & Receiver

 

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Izisetshenziswa ze-Radio Studio

 

Imishini yesitudiyo somsakazo yakha umgogodla wesikhungo sokusakaza, esivumela ukukhiqizwa nokulethwa komsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukusuka ekuthwebuleni nasekucubunguleni umsindo kuye ekuwudluliseleni ezilalelini, okokusebenza kwesitudiyo somsakazo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekudaleni izinhlelo zomsakazo ezibandakanyayo. Nali uhlu oluphelele lwemishini yesitudiyo somsakazo ozoyidinga esiteshini somsakazo.

 

Isofthiwe:

 

• I-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW)
• I-Radio Automation Software

 

hardware:

 

• Imakrofoni (I-Condenser, i-dynamic, iribhoni)
• Imakrofoni Imile
• Gada Ama-headphone
• Abaxube Bomsindo
• Izinto zokuxhumana zomsindo
• Ukukhanya Okusemoyeni
• Ikhonsoli Yokusakaza
• Amaphaneli we-Patch
• Abadlali beCD
• Ama-Audio processors (Ama-Compressor, izikhawuli, izilinganisi)
• IHybrid yocingo
• Izinto Zokuvikela Imisindo
• Abaqaphi be Studio
• Izihlungi ze-Pop
• Shock Mounts
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Ikhebula
• Amadeski okusakaza

 

Ake sibheke umshini ngamunye oshiwo ngemininingwane!

I-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW)

I-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) wuhlelo lwesofthiwe oluvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi barekhode, bahlele, balawule, futhi baxube umsindo ngedijithali. Ihlinzeka ngesethi ephelele yamathuluzi nezici ukuze kube lula ukukhiqizwa nokukhohliswa kokuqukethwe komsindo. Ama-DAW ayithuluzi lesofthiwe eliyinhloko elisetshenziswa ezitudiyo zomsakazo zesimanje ukudala okurekhodiwe okulalelwayo kwekhwalithi yochwepheshe, amaphodikasti, nokunye okuqukethwe kokusakaza.

 

 

Isebenza kanjani i-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW)?

 

I-DAW inikeza i-graphical user interface (GUI) evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlanganyele namathrekhi omsindo, ama-plugin, amathuluzi abonakalayo, nezinye izici ezihlobene nomsindo. Abasebenzisi bangarekhoda umsindo ovela kumakrofoni noma kweminye imithombo ngqo ku-DAW, bahlele umsindo orekhodiwe, bawuhlele emugqeni wesikhathi, basebenzise imiphumela ehlukahlukene yomsindo nokucubungula, bahlanganise amathrekhi amaningi ndawonye ukuze bakhe ingxube yokugcina yomsindo, futhi bakhiphe iphrojekthi yomsindo eqediwe amafomethi ahlukahlukene.

 

Ama-DAW ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngohlu lwamathuluzi okuhlela nawokukhohlisa njengokuhlela kwe-waveform, ukwelula isikhathi, ukulungisa iphimbo, nokunciphisa umsindo. Baphinde banikeze ngokukhethwa okubanzi kwemiphumela yomsindo, amathuluzi abonakalayo, nama-plugin angasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa umsindo nokwengeza izici zokudala emkhiqizweni.

 

Ukukhetha i-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW)

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha i-Digital Audio Workstation (DAW):

 

1. Izici Nokuhambisana: Linganisa izici namandla e-DAW. Bheka izici ezinjengokurekhoda kwamathrekhi amaningi, amathuluzi okuhlela, amandla okuxuba, amathuluzi abonakalayo, nosekelo lwe-plugin. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-DAW iyahambisana nohlelo lwakho lokusebenza nezinye izingxenyekazi zehadiwe ekusetheni isitudiyo sakho.
2. Ukusebenziseka kalula: Cabangela isixhumi esibonakalayo nomsebenzisi we-DAW. Bheka i-DAW enembile futhi evumelana nezintandokazi zakho kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe. Amanye ama-DAW anejika lokufunda elikhuphukayo, kuyilapho amanye enikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula.
3. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Hlola ikhwalithi yomsindo ehlinzekwa yi-DAW. Bheka ama-DAW asekela amafomethi omsindo anokulungiswa okuphezulu futhi anamandla okucubungula umsindo athuthukile ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yomsindo elungile.
4. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwenkampani Yangaphandle: Cabangela ikhono le-DAW lokuhlanganisa nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zangaphandle noma ama-plugin. Bheka ukuhambisana nezixhumi ezibonakalayo zomsindo, izindawo zokulawula, nama-plugin ezinkampani zangaphandle ongase ufune ukuwasebenzisa kusitudiyo sakho.
5. Ukuhamba nokusebenza ngempumelelo: Nquma ukuhamba komsebenzi nokusebenza kahle kwe-DAW. Bheka izici ezilula inqubo yakho yokukhiqiza, njengezinqamuleli zekhibhodi, amandla okuzenzakalela, namathuluzi okuphatha iphrojekthi.
6. Ukusekela nezibuyekezo: Cwaninga isithunzi se-DAW sokusekelwa okuqhubekayo nezibuyekezo. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-DAW inomphakathi osebenzayo wabasebenzisi, okokufundisa, imibhalo, nezibuyekezo zesofthiwe ezivamile ukuze kubhekwane neziphazamisi nokwengeza izici ezintsha.

imibhobho

Imakrofoni ye-Condenser, imibhobho eshintshashintshayo, nemibhobho yeribhoni ivame ukusetshenziswa ezitudiyo zomsakazo.

 

 

izinhlobo

 

1. Imakrofoni ye-Condenser: Amamakrofoni e-Condenser azwela kakhulu futhi ahlinzeka ngekhwalithi yomsindo enhle kakhulu. Aqukethe i-diaphragm ezacile edlidliza isabela kumaza omsindo. I-diaphragm ibekwe eduze kwe-backplate ekhokhisiwe, idala i-capacitor. Uma umsindo ushaya i-diaphragm, uyanyakaza, okuholela ekushintsheni kwekhono. Lolu shintsho luguqulwa lube isignali kagesi, bese ikhuliswa. Amamakrofoni e-Condenser adinga amandla, ngokuvamile ahlinzekwa ngamandla e-phantom avela kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo noma isixhumi.
2. Amamakrofoni Anamandla: Amamakrofoni anamandla aziwa ngokuqina kwawo nokusebenza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Basebenzisa umklamo olula ohlanganisa i-diaphragm, ikhoyili yocingo, nomazibuthe. Lapho amaza omsindo eshaya i-diaphragm, iyanyakaza, ibangele ukuthi ikhoyili ihambe ngaphakathi kwendawo kazibuthe. Lokhu kunyakaza kukhiqiza amandla kagesi, abese ethunyelwa ngekhebula yemakrofoni kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo noma esixubeni. Amamakrofoni anamandla angakwazi ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu okucindezela komsindo futhi awazweli kakhulu kumsindo wendawo.
3. Imakrofoni yeribhoni: Imakrofoni yeribhoni yaziwa ngomsindo wayo oshelelayo nofudumele. Basebenzisa iribhoni lensimbi elincanyana (imvamisa elenziwe nge-aluminium) elilengiswe phakathi kozibuthe ababili. Uma amaza omsindo eshaya iribhoni, liyavevezela, likhiqize amandla kagesi ngokungenisa kukazibuthe. Amamakrofoni eribhoni athambile futhi adinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ukuze agweme ukulimala. Ngokuvamile banikeza uhlamvu lwakudala, olubushelelezi kumsindo orekhodiwe.

 

Uhlobo ngalunye lwemakrofoni lunezici zalo ezihlukile ezilwenza lufanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Ezitudiyo zomsakazo, ama-microphone e-condenser avame ukuthandwa ngokuthwebula kwawo okulalelwayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu, kuyilapho ama-microphone ashukumisayo adumile ngokuqina kwawo nekhono lokuphatha imithombo ehlukahlukene yezwi nezinsimbi. Amamakrofoni eribhoni asetshenziswa kancane ezitudiyo zomsakazo, kodwa aziswa ngezimfanelo zawo ezithile ze-sonic futhi ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziselwa izinjongo ezithile noma imiphumela yesitayela.

 

Indlela Yokukhetha

 

1. Injongo: Nquma ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwemakrofoni. Ingabe izosetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuqoshwa kwezwi, izingxoxo, noma ukudlala komculo? Imakrofoni ehlukene iyaphumelela ezinhlelweni ezahlukene.
2. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Cabangela izici zomsindo oyifunayo. Amamakrofoni e-Condenser ngokuvamile anikeza impendulo yefrikhwensi ebanzi nomsindo onemininingwane, kuyilapho ama-microphone ashukumisayo ahlinzeka ngomsindo oqine kakhulu futhi ogxile. Imakrofoni yeribhoni ivamise ukunikeza ithoni efudumele neyokudala.
3. Ukuzwela: Linganisa izidingo zokuzwela kwendawo okuyo. Uma unesikhala sokurekhoda esithulile, umbhobho we-condenser ozwela kakhulu ungase ufaneleke. Ezindaweni ezinomsindo, ukuzwela okuphansi kwemakrofoni eguqukayo kunganqaba umsindo ongasemuva ongafunwa.
4. ukuqina: Cabangela ukuqina kanye nekhwalithi yokwakha yemakrofoni. Amamakrofoni anamandla ngokuvamile anomahewu futhi angakwazi ukuphatha kabi, okuwenza afanelekele ukurekhodwa okusendaweni noma izimo lapho ukuqina kubalulekile.
5. Ibhajethi: Nquma isabelomali oyabele imakrofoni. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemakrofoni namamodeli ziyahlukahluka ngentengo. Cabangela ukuvumelana okungcono kakhulu phakathi kwesabelomali sakho nekhwalithi yomsindo oyifunayo.
6. Ukuhambelana: Hlola ukuhambisana kombhobho nezinto zakho ezikhona. Qinisekisa ukuthi izixhumi zemakrofoni zifana nesixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo wakho noma isixhumi, nokuthi okokusebenza kwakho kungakunikeza amandla adingekayo uma usebenzisa umbhobho we-condenser.
7. Ukuhlola: Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, zama imibhobho ehlukene ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokugcina. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uzwe ukuthi imakrofoni ngayinye izwakala kanjani ngezwi lakho noma endaweni yakho ethile.

 

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhetha komuntu siqu kanye nokuhlola kudlala indima ekukhetheni imakrofoni. Okusebenza kahle kumuntu oyedwa noma isitudiyo kungase kungabi inketho ekahle komunye. Cabangela lezi zici, yenza ucwaningo, futhi uma kungenzeka, ufune izincomo kochwepheshe noma abanye abasakazi ukuze wenze isinqumo esinolwazi.

Imakrofoni Imile

Izitendi zemakrofoni ziyizisekelo ezisebenza ngomshini eziklanyelwe ukubamba imibhobho ngokuvikelekile ekuphakameni nasekumeni oyifunayo. Aqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa isisekelo, isitendi esime mpo, ingalo ye-boom elungisekayo (uma ikhona), nesiqeshana semakrofoni noma isibambi.

 

 

Imakrofoni Izitendi Zisebenza Kanjani?

 

Izitendi zemakrofoni ngokuvamile zinesici sobude esilungisekayo, esivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basethe imakrofoni ileveli efanelekile yomlomo noma insimbi yomsebenzisi. Zinikeza ukuzinza futhi zivikele ukunyakaza okungafuneki noma ukudlidliza okungase kuthinte ikhwalithi yomsindo. Ingalo ye-boom, uma ikhona, inweba ivundlile isuka esitendi futhi ivumela ukuma okunembile kwemakrofoni phambi komthombo womsindo.

 

Ukukhetha I-Microphone Stand

 

Lapho ukhetha indawo yokuma yemakrofoni, cabangela izici ezilandelayo:

 

1. Uhlobo Lwesitendi: Nquma uhlobo lwesitendi oludingayo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zifaka izitendi zama-tripod, izitendi eziyisisekelo eziyindilinga, nezitendi ezifakwe edeskini. Izitendi ze-Tripod zinikeza ukuzinza nokuphatheka, kuyilapho izitendi eziyindilinga zinikeza isisekelo esizinzile. Izitendi ezigxunyekwe ngedeski zilungele ukusetha itop top noma indawo elinganiselwe.
2. Ukulungiswa Okuphakeme: Qinisekisa ukuthi isitendi sinezinketho zokuphakama ezilungisekayo ukuze kuhlaliswe abasebenzisi abahlukene kanye nezimo zokurekhoda. Bheka izitendi ezinezindlela ezithembekile zokulungisa ubude ezivumela ukulungiswa okulula nokuvikelekile.
3. I-Boom Arm: Uma udinga ukuguquguquka ekumiseni imakrofoni, cabanga isitendi esinengalo ye-boom elungisekayo. Izingalo ze-Boom zinganwebeka ngokuvundlile futhi zijikeleze, okuvumela ukubekwa kombhobho okunembayo.
4. Ukuqina: Bheka izitendi ezenziwe ngezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside njengensimbi noma i-aluminium ukuze uqinisekise ukuzinza nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ukuqina kubalulekile ukuze uvimbele ukuthinta ngephutha noma ukunyakaza ngesikhathi sokurekhoda.
5. Isiqeshana/Umphathi Wemakrofoni: Qinisekisa ukuthi isitendi sihlanganisa isiqeshana semakrofoni noma isibambi esihambisanayo. Amamakrofoni ahlukene adinga izesekeli ezithile zokunamathiselwe okuvikelekile, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi isiqeshana sesitendi noma isibambi sifanele imakrofoni yakho.
6. Ukuhamba: Uma udinga ukuhambisa noma ukuthutha isethaphu yakho njalo, cabanga isitendi esingasindi futhi esiphathekayo ukuze uhambe kalula.

Gada Ama-headphone

 

  

Kwenzeka kanjani Gada ihedfoni ukusebenza?

 

Ama-headphone okuqapha, awaziwa nangokuthi ama-earphone ase-studio, ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukuqapha okurekhodiwe, ukukhiqiza kabusha imisindo eduze nokurekhodwa kwasekuqaleni, nokucosha nokuhlukanisa izinhlobo zezinsimbi zomculo fmuser.-net lapho amazinga omsindo edinga ukulungiswa. Kuhlelo lokusebenza lokuxuba umsindo, ama-headphone aqapha akhombisa ukugcizelela okuncane noma ukugcizelela kwangaphambilini ngemvamisa yawo eqondile, ukuze abasebenzisi bezwe kahle i-bass, midrange, ne-treble ngaphandle "koshintsho (ukuthuthukiswa noma ukwenza buthaka)", kusho i-fmuser-Ray. .

 

Kungani Monitor Headphones kukhona kubalulekile?

 

Ihedisethi yokuqapha inempendulo yefrikhwensi ebanzi neyisicaba

 

Ukusabela kwemvamisa kubhekise kububanzi be-bass, i-midrange, ne-treble. Ama-headphone amaningi ane-frequency response response of 20 to 20000 Hz, okuyibanga elijwayelekile elizwakalayo elizwakalayo abantu abangalizwa. Inombolo yokuqala (20) imelela imvamisa yebhesi ejulile, kuyilapho inombolo yesibili (20000) iyifrikhwensi ephezulu kakhulu (treble range) fmuser.-net ihedisethi ingakwazi ukuyikhiqiza kabusha. Ukuba nempendulo yefrikhwensi ebanzi kusho ukuthi ihedisethi yokuqapha ingaphinda ikhiqize amafrikhwensi ebangeni elijwayelekile elingu-20 – 20000 Hz (kwesinye isikhathi nangaphezu kwalokho).

 

Ngokuvamile, uma ububanzi befrikhwensi bubanzi, umuzwa wokulalela ungafinyelelwa kangcono ngama-headphone ngale ndlela elandelayo:

 

1. Kopisha imvamisa esetshenziswe ekurekhodeni kwangempela
2. Khiqiza i-bass ejulile kanye ne-treble ecacile.

 

• Gada ama-headphone awanazo izithuthukisi ze-bass

Gada ama-headphone bhalansi wonke amafrikhwensi (aphansi, amaphakathi, aphezulu). Njengoba ingekho ingxenye ye-sound spectrum ephakanyisiwe, umuzwa wokulalela onembe kakhudlwana ungafinyelelwa. Kubalaleli abajwayelekile i-fmuser.-net, ukulalela ama-bass amaningi avela kuma-headphone kuyisihluthulelo sesipiliyoni sokulalela esimnandi. Eqinisweni, abanye abantu baze bayisebenzise njengesilinganiso sokuthi i-headphones ilungile noma cha.

 

Yingakho amahedfoni amaningi okuhweba namuhla afakwe "ukuthuthukiswa kwe-bass."

Ukusebenzisa ama-headphone okuqapha kuyinto ehluke ngokuphelele. Ngoba yakhelwe ukukhiqiza kabusha umsindo ngokunembile, uma uqopha ngale ndlela, uzozwa kuphela i-bass ye-thud thumping bass. Noma kunjalo, kusho i-FMUSERRay, uma uyiqhathanisa nehlangothini ngama-headphone (ayisisekelo) ebanga lomthengi, ungabona ukuthi i-bass ayinawo umthelela.

• Ama-headphone okuqapha ngokuvamile akhululekile ukuwagqoka

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ama-earphone okuqapha enzelwe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemishini yesitudiyo yonjiniyela bokuqopha, abaculi, nabaculi. Uma uke wabona idokhumentari noma umculo oqoshiwe wevidiyo kuyo, uyazi ukuthi ukuqopha nokuxuba umculo ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi eside.

Kungakho abakhiqizi bama-headphone banaka kakhulu induduzo lapho beklama imikhiqizo yabo. Ipheya lamahedfoni e-studio monitor kufanele akhululeke ngokwanele ukuze agqoke isikhathi eside.

• Ama-headphone okuqapha aqinile

Ukuze zimelane nokuguga, zihlonyiswe ngezinto eziqinile nezihlala isikhathi eside. Ngisho nekhebula liwugqinsi futhi lide kunokuvamile ngoba likwazi ukumelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zokudonsa, ukudonsa, nokuthandelana. Kodwa futhi zikhulu kunama-headphone ebanga labathengi.

Abaxube Bomsindo

Izixube zomsindo ziyimishini ye-elekthronikhi enamashaneli amaningi okokufaka nokukhiphayo asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa, ukulawula, kanye nokukhohlisa amasignali omsindo. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balungise ivolumu, ithoni, kanye nemithelela yemithombo yomsindo ehlukahlukene, njengamakrofoni, amathuluzi, nokuqukethwe okurekhodwe ngaphambilini, ukuze bakhe imiksi yomsindo ebhalansile nehlangene.

 

Zisebenza Kanjani Izixube Zomsindo?

 

Izixube zomsindo zithola amasiginali omsindo emithonjeni ehlukene futhi ziwahambisa ezindaweni ezihlukene zokuphuma, njengezipikha noma amadivaysi okurekhoda. Aqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa amashaneli okokufaka, amafader, amafindo, izilinganisi, namaphrosesa wemiphumela. Ishaneli ngayinye yokokufaka ngokuvamile inezilawuli zokulungisa ivolumu, i-pan (ukubekwa kwe-stereo), nokulingana (ithoni). Ama-fader avumela ukulawula okunembile kwezinga levolumu yesiteshi ngasinye, kuyilapho ama-knob nezinkinobho ezengeziwe kunikeza izinguquko ezengeziwe nezinketho zokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo. Izimpawu zomsindo ezivela eziteshini zokufaka ziyahlanganiswa, zilinganiswe, futhi zicutshungulwe ukuze kwakhiwe imiksi yokugcina yokuphumayo, engathunyelwa kuzipikha, ama-headphone, noma kumadivayisi okurekhoda.

 

Ukukhetha i-Audio Mixer

 

Lapho ukhetha isihlanganisi somsindo, cabangela izici ezilandelayo:

 

1. Inani leziteshi: Nquma inani lamashaneli okokufaka owadingayo ngokusekelwe enanini lemithombo yomsindo okudingeka uyixube kanyekanye. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-mixer ineziteshi ezanele zokuthwala konke okufakile.
2. Izici Nokulawula: Cabangela izici nezilawuli ozidingayo. Bheka izihlanganisi ezinezilawuli ze-EQ, ama-aux athumelayo/abuyayo ukuze angeze imiphumela noma amaphrosesa angaphandle, izinkinobho ezithulisa/eziyedwa eziteshini ngazinye, nezilawuli zepani zokubekwa kwe-stereo.
3. Imiphumela eyakhelwe ngaphakathi: Uma udinga ukusebenzisa imithelela kumsindo wakho, cabangela izihlanganisi ezinamaphrosesa akhelwe ngaphakathi. Lawa maphrosesa anikezela ngemiphumela ehlukahlukene njengesabizwana, ukubambezeleka, noma ukucindezelwa, okukuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise umsindo ngaphandle kwezisetshenziswa zangaphandle ezengeziwe.
4. Ukuxhumana: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-mixer inokokufaka nokuphumayo okufanele kwemithombo yakho yomsindo namadivayisi endawo. Bheka okokufaka kwe-XLR ne-TRS kumakrofoni namathuluzi, kanye nemiphumela eyinhloko, amaqembu amancane, kanye nokuthunyelwa/okubuyiswayo okusizayo ukuze kuhanjiswe umsindo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
5. Usayizi Nokuphatheka: Cabangela usayizi nokuphatheka kwe-mixer. Uma udinga ukuhambisa noma ukuthutha i-mix njalo, bheka izinketho ezihlangene nezingasindi ezihambisana nezidingo zakho.

Izinto zokuxhumana zomsindo

Izixhumanisi zomsindo zisebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwamasignali omsindo we-analog nedatha yomsindo wedijithali kukhompuyutha. Baguqula okokufaka komsindo we-analogi kusuka kumakrofoni, amathuluzi, noma eminye imithombo ibe amasignali edijithali angacutshungulwa, aqoshwe futhi adlalwe yikhompuyutha. Izixhumanisi zomsindo ngokuvamile zixhuma kukhompuyutha nge-USB, i-Thunderbolt, noma i-FireWire, ehlinzeka ngokuguqulwa komsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu nezinketho zokuxhuma.

  

Zisebenza kanjani i-Audio Interface?

 

Izixhumi ezibonakalayo zomsindo zithatha amasiginali omsindo we-analogi emithonjeni efana nemakrofoni noma amathuluzi bese ziwaguqulela kudatha yedijithali kusetshenziswa iziguquli ze-analog-to-digital (ADCs). Le datha yomsindo wedijithali ibe isidluliselwa kukhompuyutha ngoxhumano olukhethiwe. Ohlangothini lokudlala, isixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo sithola idatha yomsindo wedijithali kusuka kukhompuyutha futhi iyiguqule ibuyele kuzimpawu ze-analog kusetshenziswa iziguquli zedijithali-kuya-analog (ama-DAC). Lezi zimpawu ze-analogi zingabe sezithunyelwa kubaqaphi be-studio noma kuma-headphone ukuze ziqashwe noma zihanjiswe kwamanye amadivaysi alalelwayo.

 

Ukukhetha i-Audio Interface

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha isixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo:

 

1. Ukulungiswa Kokokufaka Nokukhiphayo: Nquma inombolo kanye nohlobo lokokufaka kanye nemiphumela oyidingayo. Cabangela inani lama-preamp wombhobho, okokufaka komugqa, okokufaka kwezinsimbi, ukuphuma kwama-headphone, nokuqapha okuphumayo okudingekayo ekusetheni isitudiyo sakho.
2. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Bheka izixhumanisi zomsindo ezineziguquli zekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuguqulwa komsindo okunembile nokungafihli lutho. Cabangela ukujula kancane namandla esilinganiso sesampula ukuze ufane nezidingo zakho zokurekhoda.
3. Ukuxhumana: Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo sinezinketho zokuxhuma ezidingekayo ukuze zifanele ikhompuyutha yakho nezinye izinto zokusebenza. I-USB iyisixhumi esibonakalayo esivame kakhulu nesisekelwa kabanzi, kodwa ukuxhumana kweThunderbolt neFireWire kunikeza umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kanye nokubambezeleka okuphansi.
4. Ukuhambelana: Hlola ukuhambisana kwesixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo nesistimu yokusebenza yekhompyutha yakho kanye nesofthiwe. Qinisekisa ukuthi izishayeli nesofthiwe ehlinzekwe umenzi iyahambisana nokusetha kwakho.
5. Ukubambezeleka kokusebenza: Cabangela ukusebenza kokubambezeleka kwesixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo, okuwukubambezeleka phakathi kokufaka nokukhiphayo. Ukubambezeleka okuphansi kuyancomeka ekuqaphelweni kwesikhathi sangempela nokurekhoda ngaphandle kokubambezeleka okubonakalayo.

Ukukhanya Okusemoyeni

 

Isibani esisemoyeni siyinkomba ebonakalayo exwayisa abantu ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwestudiyo lapho umbhobho usebenza futhi usakaza umsindo obukhoma noma lapho isitudiyo sisemoyeni njengamanje. Isebenza njengesignali yokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka noma ukuphazamiseka okungafuneki phakathi nokusakaza bukhoma.

 

 

Ngabe Isibani Esisemoyeni Sisebenza Kanjani?

 

Ngokuvamile, ukukhanya okusemoyeni kuhlanganisa iphaneli ekhanyisiwe kakhulu noma uphawu, ngokuvamile oluba namagama athi "Emoyeni" noma inkomba efanayo. Ukukhanya kulawulwa indlela yokusayina exhuma kumshini wokusakaza, njengengxube yomsindo noma ikhonsoli yokusakaza. Uma imakrofoni ibukhoma, indlela yokusayina ithumela isignali ekukhanyeni okusemoyeni, okuyenza ikhanyise. Uma imakrofoni ingasasebenzi noma lapho ukusakaza kuphela, isibani siyacishwa.

 

Ukukhetha Isibani Esisemoyeni

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha ukukhanya okusemoyeni:

 

1. Ukubonakala: Qinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya okusemoyeni kubonakala kakhulu futhi kungabonakala kalula kuma-engeli ahlukahlukene. Izibani ze-LED ezikhanyayo noma izimpawu ezikhanyisiwe zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubonakala kwazo ezimeni ezihlukene zokukhanyisa.
2. Izinketho zokuklama nokukhweza: Cabangela ukuklama nezinketho zokukhweza ezifanela isitudiyo sakho. Izibani ezisemoyeni zingafika ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, njengezibani ezizimele, izimpawu ezibekwe odongeni, noma izinkomba ezibekwe etafuleni. Khetha eyodwa efanelana nobuhle bestudiyo sakho futhi inikeze ukubonakala okulula kubasebenzi bokusakaza.
3. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya okusemoyeni kuyahambisana nezisetshenziswa zakho zokusakaza. Hlola indlela yokusayina nokuxhumana okudingekayo ukuze uvumelanise ukukhanya nesihlanganisi sakho somsindo noma ikhonsoli yokusakaza.
4. Ukusebenziseka kalula: Bheka isibani esisemoyeni okulula ukusisebenzisa futhi usihlanganise ekusetheni isitudiyo sakho. Cabangela izici ezifana nokwenza kusebenze okusheshayo noma izinketho zesilawuli kude ukuze kube lula.
5. ukuqina: Qinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya okusemoyeni kwakhelwe ukumelana nokusetshenziswa okuvamile futhi kunokwakhiwa okuqinile. Kufanele ikwazi ukumelana namaqhubu noma ukungqongqoza endaweni ematasa yesitudiyo.

Ikhonsoli Yokusakaza

Ikhonsoli yokusakaza iyisisetshenziswa se-elekthronikhi esiyinkimbinkimbi esisebenza njengesikhungo semizwa yesitudiyo somsakazo. Ivumela abasakazi ukuthi balawule amasignali omsindo avela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, balungise amazinga omsindo, basebenzise ukucubungula, futhi bahambise umsindo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Amakhonsoli okusakaza aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokulawula okunembayo nokuvumelana nezimo ekulawuleni okokufaka okulalelwayo okuningi nokuphumayo.

 

 

Isebenza kanjani ikhonsoli yokusakaza?

 

Ikhonsoli yokusakaza iqukethe amashaneli okokufaka, amafada, amafindo, amaswishi, nezilawuli ezihlukahlukene. Iziteshi zokufaka zithola amasiginali omsindo kumakrofoni, amathuluzi, noma kweminye imithombo. Amafada alawula amazinga evolumu yesiteshi ngasinye, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi enze imiksi yomsindo efanele. Ama-knob namaswishi ahlinzeka ngokulawula izici ezifana ne-equalization (EQ), ukucutshungulwa kwamandla, kanye nemiphumela. Ikhonsoli iphinde inikeze amandla omzila, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi athumele umsindo ezindaweni ezihlukene zokuphuma, njengezipikha, ama-headphone, noma amadivayisi okurekhoda.

 

Ukukhetha Ikhonsoli Yokusakaza

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha ikhonsoli yokusakaza:

 

1. Isibalo sesiteshi: Nquma inani lamashaneli okokufaka owadingayo ngokusekelwe enanini lemithombo yomsindo oyidingayo ukuyiphatha ngesikhathi esisodwa. Qinisekisa ukuthi ikhonsoli inikezela ngamashaneli anele ukuthwala konke okufakile.
2. Izici Nokulawula: Cabangela izici nezilawuli ozidingayo. Bheka ama-consoles anezilawuli ze-EQ, ukucutshungulwa kwe-dynamics (njengama-compressor kanye nezikhawuli), ukuthumela/ukubuyisela okusizayo ukuze ungeze imiphumela noma amaphrosesa angaphandle, izinkinobho ezithulisa/eziyedwa eziteshini ngazinye, nezilawuli zepani zokubekwa kwesitiriyo.
3. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Bheka ama-consoles anama-preamp ekhwalithi ephezulu nokujikeleza komsindo ukuze uqinisekise ukukhiqizwa komsindo okusobala nokunembile. Cabangela ama-consoles anikeza umsindo ophansi nokusebenza okuhlanekezela okuphansi.
4. Ukuxhumana: Qinisekisa ukuthi ikhonsoli inezinketho ezidingekayo zokufakwayo nokukhiphayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemithombo yakho yomsindo namadivayisi endawo. Bheka okokufaka kwe-XLR ne-TRS kumakrofoni namathuluzi, kanye nokuphumayo okuyinhloko, imiphumela yeqembu elingaphansi, kanye nokuthunyelwa/okubuyiswayo okusizayo ukuze kuhanjiswe umsindo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
5. Ukuguquguquka Komzila: Cabangela amandla omzila ekhonsoli. Bheka ama-consoles anikeza izinketho eziguquguqukayo zomzila, ezikuvumela ukuthi uhambise umsindo emiphumeleni ehlukene, udale amamiksi okuqapha, futhi uhlanganise kalula namaphrosesa angaphandle noma amayunithi wemiphumela.
6. Control Interface: Hlola ukwakheka kanye ne-ergonomics yekhonsoli. Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo sokulawula sinembile futhi kulula ukusisebenzisa, sinokulebula okucacile nokubekwa okunengqondo kwezilawuli. Cabangela usayizi nesikhala samafader namafindo ukuze unikeze ngokunethezeka nokulawula okunembayo.

Amaphaneli we-Patch

Amaphaneli okuchibiyela amayunithi ehadiwe anochungechunge lwezixhumi zokufaka neziphumayo, ngokuvamile ezisesimweni sojeke noma amasokhethi. Bahlinzeka ngehabhu emaphakathi yokuxhuma amadivayisi alalelwayo ndawonye futhi banike amandla umzila nokuhlelwa kwamasignali omsindo. Amaphaneli amaphesha enza lula inqubo yokuxhuma nokunqamula amakhebuli omsindo ngokuhlanganisa ukuxhumana okuningi endaweni eyodwa emaphakathi.

 

 

I-Patch Panels isebenza kanjani?

 

Amaphaneli okuphesha aqukethe imigqa yezixhumi zokufaka neziphumayo. Ngokuvamile, isixhumi ngasinye sokufaka sihambisana nesixhumi esiphumayo, esikuvumela ukuthi usungule ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwamadivayisi alalelwayo. Ngokusebenzisa amakhebuli okuchibiyela, ungakwazi ukuhambisa amasiginali omsindo ukusuka emithonjeni ethile yokufaka kuya ezindaweni ophuma kuzo oyifunayo. Amaphaneli okuchibiyela asusa isidingo sokuxhuma nokukhipha amakhebuli ngokuqondile kumadivayisi, akwenze kube lula futhi kusebenze kahle ukulungisa kabusha uxhumo lomsindo.

 

Ukukhetha Iphaneli yePatch

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha iphaneli yokuchibiyela:

 

1. Inombolo Nohlobo Lwezixhumi: Nquma inombolo nohlobo lwezixhumi ozidingayo ngokusekelwe kumathuluzi akho omsindo. Bheka amaphaneli okuchibiyela anezixhumi ezanele zokufaka neziphumayo ukuze afake amadivayisi akho. Izinhlobo zezixhumi ezijwayelekile zifaka i-XLR, TRS, RCA, noma izixhumi ze-BNC.
2. Ukucushwa kanye nefomethi: Khetha ukulungiselelwa kwephaneli yesichibi esifanela ukusethwa kwesitudiyo sakho. Cabangela ukuthi ingabe udinga iphaneli efakwe i-rack engu-19-intshi noma iphaneli ezimele. Amaphaneli afakwe kuma-rack afanele ukusetha okukhudlwana okunamadivayisi amaningi.
3. Uhlobo lwezintambo: Nquma phakathi kwephaneli yokuchibiyela enentambo yangaphambili noma elungiseka umsebenzisi. Amaphaneli anezintambo zangaphambili eza noxhumo olungaguquki, okwenza ukusetha kusheshe futhi kube lula. Amaphaneli alungisekayo umsebenzisi akuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokwezifiso izintambo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho ezithile.
4. Ukulebula kanye nenhlangano: Bheka ama-patch panel anezinketho zokulebula ezicacile nezinketho zombala. Amaphaneli anamalebula afanelekile akwenza kube lula ukukhomba nokulandelela ukuxhumana komsindo, kuyilapho ukubhala ngekhodi kusiza ukuhlonzwa okusheshayo kwemithombo yomsindo ehlukene noma izindawo okuyiwa kuzo.
5. Yakha Ikhwalithi: Qinisekisa ukuthi iphaneli yokuchibiyela yakhiwe kahle futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Cabangela amaphaneli anokwakhiwa okuqinile nezixhumi zekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana okuthembekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
6. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi izixhumi zephaneli yokuchibiyela zifana nohlobo lwezintambo ezilalelwayo ezisetshenziswa esitudiyo sakho. Hlola ukuhambisana nemishini yomsindo nezinto zokusebenza ohlela ukuzixhuma.
7. Ibhajethi: Nquma ibhajethi yakho futhi uthole iphaneli yesichibi enikeza izici ezidingekayo kanye nekhwalithi ngaphakathi kwebanga lentengo yakho. Cabangela iyonke ikhwalithi yokwakha, ukwethembeka, nezibuyekezo zekhasimende lapho wenza isinqumo sakho.

Abadlali beCD

Izidlali ze-CD ziyimishini kagesi eklanyelwe ukufunda futhi idlale okuqukethwe okulalelwayo okuvela kuma-compact disc (CDs). Banikeza indlela elula nethembekile yokufinyelela nokudlala umculo orekhodiwe ngaphambili, imiphumela yomsindo, noma amanye amathrekhi omsindo agcinwe kuma-CD.

 

 

Zisebenza kanjani izidlali ze-CD?

 

Izidlali ze-CD zisebenzisa i-laser beam ukufunda idatha egcinwe ku-CD. Uma i-CD ishuthekwa kusidlali, i-laser iskena indawo ekhanyayo yediski, ithole izinguquko ekukhanyeni okubangelwa imigodi nokuhlala endaweni ye-CD. Lezi zinguquko ekuboniseni zimelela idatha yomsindo wedijithali efakwe ikhodi ku-CD. Isidlali se-CD sibe sesiguqula idatha yomsindo wedijithali ibe amasiginali omsindo we-analogi, akhuliswayo futhi athunyelwe kumiphumela yomsindo ukuze idlalwe ngezipikha noma ama-headphone.

 

Izidlali ze-CD ngokuvamile zinezilawuli zokudlala, ezifana nokudlala, ukumisa isikhashana, ukuma, ukweqa, nokukhetha kokulandelela, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bazule kokuqukethwe komsindo ku-CD. Ezinye izidlali ze-CD zingase futhi zinikeze izici ezengeziwe, njengokuphinda ukudlalwa, ukudlala okungahleliwe, noma ukuhlela amathrekhi amaningi ngendlela ethile.

 

Ukukhetha izidlali ze-CD

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha izidlali ze-CD zesitudiyo sakho somsakazo:

 

1. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Bheka izidlali ze-CD ezinikeza ukusebenza komsindo kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Cabangela izici ezifana nesilinganiso esiphezulu sesignali-kumsindo, ukuhlanekezela okuphansi, nokusabela okuhle kwemvamisa ukuze uqinisekise ukukhiqizwa komsindo okunembile nokuthembekile.
2. Izici zokudlala: Hlola izici zokudlala okunikezwa isidlali se-CD. Cabangela izilawuli nokusebenza okunikeziwe, njengokudlala, ukumisa isikhashana, ukuma, ukweqa, ukukhetha ithrekhi, ukudlala okuphindayo, ukudlala okungahleliwe, nezinketho zokuhlela. Khetha isidlali se-CD esinikeza izici ezidingekayo ukuze silingane nezidingo zesitudiyo sakho.
3. Ukuxhumana: Nquma ukuthi uyazidinga yini izinketho ezengeziwe zokuxhumana kusidlali se-CD. Bheka abadlali abanoxhumo oluphumayo lomsindo, okufana nokuphumayo kwe-analog RCA, okuphumayo komsindo wedijithali (i-coaxial noma i-optical), noma okuphumayo kwe-XLR okunokulinganisela, kuye ngokusetha isitudiyo sakho.
4. Ukuqina kanye Nekhwalithi Yokwakhiwa: Qinisekisa ukuthi isidlali se-CD sakhelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside futhi singamelana nokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Cabangela ikhwalithi yokwakha, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, nezibuyekezo zabasebenzisi ukukala ukuqina komdlali.
5. Izinketho zosayizi nokukhweza: Cabangela usayizi nezinketho zokukhweza zesidlali se-CD. Nquma ukuthi uyasidinga yini isidlali esizimele esihlangene noma iyunithi ekhwezwa ngama-rack engahlanganiswa nokusethwa kwesitudiyo esikhulu.

Ama-Audio Processors

Ama-Audio processors amadivaysi kagesi noma ama-plugin esofthiwe aklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa, ukulolonga, noma ukuguqula amasignali omsindo. Banikeza amathuluzi ahlukahlukene kanye nemiphumela engathuthukisa ikhwalithi yomsindo, ukulawula amandla, ukunciphisa umsindo, nokulinganisa impendulo yemvamisa. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamaphrosesa alalelwayo zihlanganisa ama-compressor, limiters, nezilinganisi.

 

 

Asebenza Kanjani Ama-Audio Processors?

 

1. Ama-compressors: Ama-compressor anciphisa ububanzi besignali yomsindo ngokunciphisa izingxenye ezinomsindo kakhulu futhi akhulise izingxenye ezithambile. Zisiza ukulawula ileveli iyonke futhi bushelelezi umsindo, ziwenze ulingane futhi ulinganisele. Ama-Compressor anezilawuli zomkhawulo, isilinganiso, isikhathi sokuhlasela, isikhathi sokukhululwa, nenzuzo yokwenza izimonyo.
2. Imikhawulo: Imikhawulo iyafana nama-compressor kodwa yakhelwe ukuvimbela isignali yomsindo ukuthi idlule izinga elithile, elaziwa ngokuthi "uphahla" noma "umbundu." Baqinisekisa ukuthi umsindo awuhlanekezeli noma unamathisele ngokunciphisa ngokushesha inzuzo yesiginali noma nini lapho idlula umkhawulo omisiwe.
3. Izilinganisi: Izilinganisi zivumela ukulawula okunembile phezu kwempendulo yemvamisa yesignali yomsindo. Anika amandla i-boost noma ukusika ububanzi befrikhwensi ethile ukuze alungise ukungalingani kwethoni noma athuthukise izici ezithile zomsindo. Izilinganisi zingaba umfanekiso, ipharamitha, noma ishelufu, zinikeze izilawuli zamabhendi emvamisa, inzuzo, kanye ne-Q-factor (umkhawulokudonsa).

 

Lezi zicubunguli zomsindo zingasetshenziswa ngazodwana noma zihlanganiswe ukuze kuzuzwe izici zomsindo ezifiselekayo, njengokuthuthukisa ukucaca, ukulawula okuguquguqukayo, ukunciphisa umsindo ongemuva, noma ukudala ibhalansi yethoni.

 

Ukukhetha ama-Audio processors

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha amaphrosesa omsindo:

 

1. Ukusebenza: Linganisa ukusebenza nezici zamaphrosesa alalelwayo. Bheka amaphrosesa anikezela ngamathuluzi athile kanye nemiphumela oyidingayo, njengama-compressor, izikhawuli, izilinganisi, ama-de-essers, amasango omsindo, noma amayunithi emiphumela eminingi. Cabangela ukuthi ingabe amaphrosesa ahlinzeka ngamapharamitha okulawula adingekayo kanye nokuguquguquka kwezidingo zakho zokucubungula umsindo.
2. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Hlola ikhwalithi yomsindo ehlinzekwa amaphrosesa. Bheka amaphrosesa anikeza ukucutshungulwa kwesignali okusobala nokunembile, ukunciphisa ukuhlanekezela noma ama-artifact.
3. Ukuvumelana nezimo nokulawula: Cabangela ukuguquguquka nokulawula izinketho ezinikezwa amaphrosesa. Bheka amaphrosesa anamapharamitha alungisekayo njenge-threshold, isilinganiso, isikhathi sokuhlasela, isikhathi sokukhipha, inzuzo, amabhendi emvamisa, kanye ne-Q-factor. Qinisekisa ukuthi amaphrosesa avumela ukulawula okunembile kokucutshungulwa komsindo ukuze kufane nomphumela owufisayo.
4. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi amaphrosesa ahambisana nokusethwa kwesitudiyo sakho esikhona. Cabangela ukuthi zingahlanganiswa yini kuchungechunge lwakho lwesignali, noma njengamayunithi wehadiwe noma ama-plugin esofthiwe. Qinisekisa ukuhambisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sakho somsindo, i-DAW, noma enye ihadiwe yesitudiyo.

IHybrid yocingo

I-hybrid yocingo, eyaziwa nangokuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo sefoni noma i-coupler yocingo, iyithuluzi elisetshenziswa ezitudiyo zomsakazo ukufaka izingcingo ekusakazeni bukhoma. Ihlinzeka ngendlela yokuxhuma izintambo zocingo ohlelweni lomsindo, ivumela ababungazi ukuthi benze izingxoxo nezivakashi ezikude noma bahlanganyele nabalaleli ngamasegimenti okungena.

 

 

Ngabe IHybrid Yocingo Isebenza Kanjani?

 

I-hybrid yocingo isebenza ngokuhlukanisa amasiginali omsindo kumsingathi kanye nofonayo futhi iwaxube ndawonye ngendlela enciphisa i-echo nempendulo. Uma ucingo lwamukelwa, iyunithi eyingxubevange ihlukanisa amasiginali omsindo kumsingathi kanye nomshayi, kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlanganisa yokususa. Okuphakelayo kwe-minus-minus kunikeza ofonayo umsindo ovela kumsingathi ngaphandle kwezwi lalowo ofonayo, okuvimbela impendulo yomsindo.

 

Ama-hybrids ocingo ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izici ezengeziwe ezinjengokunciphisa umsindo, ukulungiswa kwe-EQ, futhi athole ukulawula ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomsindo nokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okucacile phakathi nokusakaza. Bangase futhi banikeze izinketho zokuhlolwa kwekholi, ukuthulisa, nokulawula amazinga omsindo.

 

Ukukhetha iHybrid Yocingo

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha i-hybrid yocingo:

 

1. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Hlola ikhwalithi yomsindo ehlinzekwa yi-hybrid yocingo. Bheka amayunithi anikeza umsindo ozwakalayo nozwakalayo wemvelo, onciphisa umsindo, ukuhlanekezela, kanye ne-echo. Cabangela izici ezifana nokuncishiswa komsindo nokulungiswa kwe-EQ ukuze uthuthukise ukucaca komsindo wekholi yefoni.
2. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-hybrid yocingo iyahambisana nohlelo lwakho lwefoni kanye nemishini yesitudiyo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ingabe isekela imigqa yefoni ye-analogi, amasistimu ocingo edijithali, noma ukuxhumana kwe-Voice over IP (VoIP). Hlola ukuhambisana nesihlanganisi sakho somsindo, isixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo, noma enye ihadiwe yesitudiyo.
3. Izinketho Zokuxhumana: Nquma izinketho zokuxhuma ezihlinzekwa yi-hybrid yocingo. Bheka amayunithi anokokufaka okufanelekile nokuxhumana okukhiphayo ukuze uwahlanganise nesistimu yakho yomsindo. Cabanga ukuthi udinga ukuxhumana kwe-analog XLR, TRS, noma i-AES/EBU yedijithali.
4. Izici Nokulawula: Linganisa izici ezengeziwe nezilawuli ezinikezwe i-hybrid yocingo. Bheka amayunithi anamandla okunciphisa umsindo, i-EQ elungisekayo, ukulawula inzuzo, ukuhlolwa kwezingcingo, nezinketho zokuthulisa. Cabangela ukuthi ingabe iyunithi inikeza izici ezifanelana nezidingo zakho ezithile zokusakaza.
5. Ukusebenziseka kalula: Cabangela interface yomsebenzisi kanye nokusebenziseka kalula. Bheka ama-hybrid efoni anezilawuli ezinembile nezinkomba ezicacile zamaleveli omsindo nesimo sekholi. Qinisekisa ukuthi iyunithi isebenziseka kalula futhi ilula ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi sokusakazwa bukhoma.

Izinto Zokuvikela Imisindo

Izinto zokuvikela umsindo ziyimikhiqizo eklanywe ngokukhethekile esiza ukunciphisa ukudluliswa kwamagagasi omsindo. Zisetshenziselwa ukudala umgoqo we-acoustic futhi unciphise ukungena komsindo wangaphandle esikhaleni, kanye nokulawula i-echo kanye nokuzwakala kabusha ngaphakathi kwesitudiyo.

 

 

Zisebenza Kanjani Izinto Zokuvikela Imisindo?

 

Izinto ezivikela umsindo zisebenza ngokumunca, ukuvimba, noma ukusabalalisa amaza omsindo. Nazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokuvikela umsindo kanye nokusebenza kwazo:

 

• Amaphaneli e-Acoustic: Lawa maphaneli enziwe ngezinto ezifana negwebu, i-fiberglass eboshwe ngendwangu, noma ukhuni olunezimbobo. Bamunca amagagasi omsindo, behlisa i-echo kanye nokuzwakala kabusha ngaphakathi kwesitudiyo.
• I-Soundproofing Insulation: Izinto eziyisipesheli zokufakelwa, ezifana noboya bamaminerali noma igwebu le-acoustic, zifakwa ngaphakathi kwezindonga, phansi, nophahla ukuze kuncishiswe ukudluliswa komsindo ovela ngaphandle kwestudiyo.
• IVinyl Elayishwe Inqwaba (MLV): I-MLV iyimpahla eminyene, eguquguqukayo engafakwa njengesithiyo ezindongeni, phansi, noma ophahleni ukuze kuvinjwe ukudluliswa komsindo. Kuyasiza ukuhlukanisa isitudiyo emithonjeni yomsindo yangaphandle.
• Amakhethini angenamsindo: Amakhethini asindayo enziwe ngezinto eziwugqinsi, ezimunca umsindo angalengiswa phezu kwamafasitela noma asetshenziswe njengezihlukanisi zamakamelo ukuze kuncishiswe ukubonakala komsindo nokuvimba umsindo wangaphandle.
• Ama-Bass Traps: Ama-bass trap amaphaneli akhethekile e-acoustic aqondise ngokuqondile ukumuncwa komsindo we-low-frequency. Zibekwe emakhoneni noma kwezinye izindawo ezijwayele ukwakhiwa kwe-bass.

 

Lezi zinto ezivimbela umsindo zimunca noma zibonise amaza omsindo, zinciphise amandla awo futhi ziwavimbele ukuthi angangeni noma agxume azungeze isitudiyo. Ngokulawula indawo ye-acoustic, izinto zokuvikela umsindo zisiza ukudala isikhala esithule nesilawulwa kakhulu sokurekhoda nokusakaza.

Ukukhetha Izinto Zokuvikela Imisindo

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha izinto zokuvikela umsindo:

 

1. Ukusebenza: Hlola ukusebenza kahle kwezinto ezivimbela umsindo ekwehliseni umsindo ne-echo. Bheka izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu ezinokusebenza kwe-acoustic okuqinisekisiwe kanye nezilinganiso ezifanele Zokunciphisa I-Noise Reduction (NRC) noma Ikilasi Lokudluliswa Komsindo (STC).
2. Ukufaka nokubeka: Nquma ukuthi izinto zokuvikela umsindo zizofakwa futhi zibekwe kanjani estudiyo sakho. Ezinye izinto zingadinga ukufakwa kochwepheshe, kanti ezinye zingafakwa kalula nge-DIY. Cabangela indawo, ubukhulu, kanye nokwakheka kwesitudiyo sakho lapho uhlela ukubekwa kwezinto.
3. Isikhalazo sobuhle: Cabangela ukukhanga kobuhle bezinto zokuvikela umsindo. Bheka izinto ezihambisana nomklamo wesitudiyo kanye nezintandokazi zobuhle. Amaphaneli e-Acoustic, ngokwesibonelo, eza ngemibala eyahlukene, umumo, nemiklamo ukuze axubane nokuhlotshiswa kwesitudiyo.

Abaqaphi be Studio

Iziqapheli ze-Studio, ezaziwa nangokuthi iziqaphi zereferensi noma izikhulumi zesitudiyo, izikhulumi ezikhethekile eziklanyelwe ukukhiqizwa komsindo okunembile nokusobala. Zakhelwe inhloso ukulalela okubalulekile ekurekhodeni, ekuxubeni nasekuphatheni kahle izindawo. Abaqaphi besitudiyo bahlinzeka ngokumelela okucacile nokungachemi komsindo odlalwayo, okuvumela abakhiqizi, onjiniyela, nabasakazi ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinembile mayelana nekhwalithi yomsindo futhi benze izinguquko ezinembile emikhiqizweni yabo.

 

 

Asebenza kanjani ama-Studio Monitors?

 

Abaqaphi besitudiyo basebenza ngokukhiqiza kabusha amasiginali alalelwayo ngokuhlanekezela okuncane nemibala. Zenzelwe ukuthi zibe nempendulo yefrikhwensi eyisicaba, okusho ukuthi zikhiqiza kabusha umsindo ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amafrikhwensi azwakalayo. Le mpendulo eyisicaba ivumela unjiniyela womsindo noma umdidiyeli ukuthi ezwe okuqukethwe komsindo ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukugcizelela okwengeziwe noma ukuncishiswa kwebanga elithile lefrikhwensi.

 

Iziqapheli ze-Studio ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izikhulisa-zwi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezishunwe ngokuqondile ukuze zifane nezishayeli zezipikha. Lezi zikhulisi zinikeza amandla anele okukhiqiza kabusha amasiginali omsindo ngokunembile kumaleveli evolumu ahlukahlukene. Abanye abaqaphi besitudiyo abasezingeni eliphezulu bangase futhi bafake izilawuli ezengeziwe zokulungisa impendulo yesipika ukuze kunxeshezelwe ama-acoustics egumbi.

 

Ukukhetha Studio Monitors

 

Cabangela lezi zinto ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha ama-studio monitors:

 

1. Ikhwalithi yomsindo: Hlola ikhwalithi yomsindo yabaqaphi besitudiyo. Bheka amamonitha anikeza impendulo elinganiselayo nenembile, ekuvumela ukuthi uzwe imininingwane yomsindo nama-nuances ngokucacile. Cabangela iziqaphi ezinokuhlanekezela okuphansi kanye nobubanzi obuguqukayo obubanzi.
2. Usayizi wesipikha kanye nokucushwa: Nquma usayizi wesipikha nokucushwa okufanelana nendawo yesitudiyo sakho kanye nezintandokazi zokulalela. Abaqaphi beStudio bafika ngosayizi abahlukahlukene, imvamisa ukusuka kumayintshi angu-5 ukuya kumayintshi angu-8 noma ngaphezulu. Cabanga ukuthi udinga i-monitor yezindlela ezimbili (i-woofer ne-tweeter) noma i-monitor yezindlela ezintathu (i-woofer, i-mid-range, ne-tweeter) kuye ngempendulo yefrikhwensi oyifunayo nosayizi wegumbi.
3. Indawo yokulalela: Cabangela izici zegumbi lakho lesitudiyo. Uma igumbi lakho line-acoustic treatment, khetha amamonitha asebenza kahle kuleyo ndawo. Uma igumbi lakho linokwelashwa okulinganiselwe kwe-acoustic, bheka amamonitha anikeza izilawuli zesinxephezelo segumbi ukusiza ukunciphisa izinkinga ezihlobene negumbi.
4. Amandla nokukhulisa: Hlola amandla nokukhulisa amandla wabaqaphi bestudiyo. Qinisekisa ukuthi iziqapha zinamandla anele okuletha ukukhiqizwa kabusha komsindo okunembile emazingeni afunekayo okulalela. Bheka ama-monitor anama-amplifiers akhelwe ngaphakathi afana nezishayeli zesipikha ukuze usebenze kahle.
5. Izinketho Zokuxhumana: Hlola izinketho zokuxhuma ezinikezwe abaqaphi be-studio. Bheka iziqaphi ezinokufakwa okuhlukahlukene (i-XLR, i-TRS, noma i-RCA) ukuze uqinisekise ukuhambisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sakho somsindo noma ezinye izinto zokusebenza zesitudiyo.

Izihlungi ze-Pop

Izihlungi ze-Pop, ezaziwa nangokuthi izikrini ze-pop noma ama-windshields, ziyizinsiza eziklanyelwe ukunciphisa imisindo eqhumayo nomsindo wokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokurekhodwa kwezwi. Ahlanganisa inetha elihle noma indwangu enwetshiwe phezu kohlaka oluyisiyingi, olufakwe ku-gooseneck eguquguqukayo noma i-clamp enamathela endaweni yokumisa imakrofoni. Izihlungi ze-Pop zivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-studio ukuze kutholwe ukuqoshwa kwezwi okuhlanzekile nokuzwakala kakhudlwana.

 

 

Zisebenza kanjani izihlungi ze-Pop?

 

Uma ukhuluma noma ucula kumbhobho, imisindo ethile efana neziqhumane (njengemisindo ethi "p" kanye no-"b") ingadala ukuqhuma komoya okubangela umsindo ophumayo ongafuneki. Izihlungi ze-Pop zisebenza njengesithiyo phakathi kwe-vocalist nemakrofoni, ziphazamisa amandla omoya futhi zihlukanise imisindo eqhumayo. I-fine mesh noma indwangu yesihlungi se-pop isiza ukusabalalisa ukugeleza komoya ngokulinganayo, ivimbele ukuthi ingashayi ngokuqondile imakrofoni diaphragm futhi ibangele imisindo ephumayo.

 

Ngokunciphisa ngempumelelo ama-plosives, izihlungi ze-pop zithuthukisa ikhwalithi iyonke yamazwi arekhodiwe, okuvumela umsindo ozwakalayo nozwakala kahle kakhulu.

 

Ukukhetha Izihlungi ze-Pop

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha izihlungi ze-pop:

 

1. Usayizi Nomumo: Izihlungi ze-Pop ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokwakheka. Cabangela ububanzi besihlungi se-pop futhi uqinisekise ukuthi sihambisana nemakrofoni yakho. Osayizi abajwayelekile bangamayintshi angu-4 ukuya kwangu-6 ububanzi, kodwa izinketho ezinkulu noma ezincane ziyatholakala ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile.
2. Okokuhlunga: Bheka izihlungi ze-pop ezenziwe ngezinto zekhwalithi ephezulu ezinikeza ukucaca komsindo okuphelele. Izinto ezijwayelekile zifaka inayiloni, insimbi, noma indwangu enezendlalelo ezimbili.
3. Ukuvumelana nezimo nokuguquguquka: Cabangela ukuguquguquka nokulungiseka kwesihlungi se-pop. Bheka izihlungi ezinama-gooseneck noma ama-clamp avumela ukuma okunembile phambi kombhobho. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukubekwa okuhle ukuze kuvinjwe ngokuphumelelayo imisindo eqhumayo.
4. ukuqina: Qinisekisa ukuthi isihlungi se-pop siqinile futhi sakhelwe ukumelana nokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Bheka ukwakhiwa okuqinile nezinto zokwakha ezingamelana nokulungiswa kokuma kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokuguga ngokushesha.
5. Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuthi isihlungi se-pop sihambisana nesitendi semakrofoni yakho noma ingalo ye-boom. Hlola izinketho zokubopha noma zokukhweza ezifanelana nokusetha kwakho.

Shock Mounts

Ama-Shock mounts amasistimu amisiwe aklanyelwe ukubamba futhi ahlukanise imakrofoni, ahlinzeke ngokuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo ekudlidlizeni kwangaphandle kanye nomsindo wokusingatha. Zivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-studio okurekhoda ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqoshwa komsindo okucacile nokuhlanzekile, okukhululekile emsindweni ongafuneki obangelwa ukuphazamiseka ngokomzimba.

 

 

Asebenza kanjani ama-Shock Mounts?

 

Izinyusi ezithusayo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa imbeleko noma indlela yokumiswa ebamba imakrofoni ngokuvikelekile ngenkathi iyivumela ukuthi intente noma imiswe ngaphakathi kokukhweza. Le sistimu yokumiswa isebenzisa amabhendi anwebekayo noma izikhwebu ezenziwe ngerabha ukuze zimunce futhi zidambise ukudlidliza nokushaqeka okungahle kudluliselwe endaweni yokuma yemakrofoni noma eminye imithombo yangaphandle.

 

Uma ifakwe endaweni yokukhweza ukushaqeka, imakrofoni ihlukaniswa ukusuka endaweni yokumisa noma ukukhwezwa, ivimbela ukudlidliza nokubamba umsindo ukuthi ungafinyeleli ezingxenyeni ezibucayi zemakrofoni. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusiza ukugcina ukucaca nokuzwela kwemakrofoni, okuholela ekurekhodweni okuhlanzekile ngaphandle kokuduma okungafuneki noma ukuphazamiseka kwemishini.

 

Ukukhetha Shock Mounts

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha ukukhweza kokushaqeka:

 

1. Ukuhambelana kwemakrofoni: Qinisekisa ukuthi okokukhweza ukushaqeka kuhambisana nemodeli yakho ethile yemakrofoni. Bheka izikhwezi zokuthusa ezidizayinelwe ukulingana umumo wombhobho wakho, usayizi, kanye nezidingo zokukhweza.
2. I-Suspension Mechanism: Hlola indlela yokumiswa esetshenziswe ekukhwezeni ukushaqeka. Bheka amadizayini anikeza ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo nokudambisa ukudlidliza. Ama-rubberized mounts noma amabhande okunwebeka avame ukusetshenziselwa le njongo.
3. Ukuguquguquka Nokuvumelana nezimo: Cabangela ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka kwe-shock mount. Bheka izikhwezi ezinama-engeli alungisekayo, ubude, noma amandla okuzungezisa ukuze uqinisekise ukuma kahle kombhobho.
4. Ukuqina Nokwakha: Qinisekisa ukuthi okokukhweza ukushaqeka kwakhelwe ukuhlala futhi kungamelana nokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Bheka ukwakhiwa okuqinile nezinto zekhwalithi ephezulu ezingamunca kahle ukudlidliza futhi zibambe isisindo semakrofoni.
5. Izinketho zokuphakama: Nquma izinketho zokukhweza ezinikezwe ukukhweza ukushaqeka. Bheka izikhwezi ezihambisana nezitendi zemakrofoni ezahlukahlukene, izingalo ezibomvana, noma amasistimu amisiwe okungenzeka ukuthi usunawo noma uhlele ukuwasebenzisa.

 

Ngokucabangela lezi zici, ungakhetha ukukhweza ukushaqeka okuhlukanisa ngempumelelo imakrofoni yakho ekudlidlizeni nasekubambeni umsindo, okuholela ekurekhodweni komsindo ohlanzekile nobungcweti kusitudiyo sakho somsakazo.

Ukuphathwa kweChethri

Ukuphathwa kwekhebula kubhekisela ohlelweni lokuhlela, ukuvikela, kanye nomzila wezintambo ngendlela ehlelekile nephumelelayo. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa amathuluzi nezinye izinto ukuvimbela izintambo ukuthi zingahlangani, zibe yingozi yezokuphepha, noma zibangele ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izinto zokusebenza. Ukuphathwa kwekhebula kuqinisekisa ukubukeka okuhlanzekile nokuchwepheshile ngenkathi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezintambo.

 

 

Isebenza kanjani iCable Management?

 

Amathuluzi okuphatha amakhebula kanye nezinsiza kunikeza izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlela kanye nokuvikeleka kwezintambo. Nazi ezinye ezivamile:

 

• Amathreyi ekhebula: Amathreyi ekhebula angamathreyi aqinile noma aguqukayo abamba izintambo eziningi ndawonye ngokulandelana. Ngokuvamile afakwa ngaphansi kwamadeski, eduze kwezindonga, noma kuma-server racks. Amathreyi ekhebula asiza umzila futhi alawule izintambo, zigcine zihlelekile futhi ziwavimbele ukuthi angahlangani noma alimale.
• Izibopho zekhebula: Izibopho zekhebula, ezaziwa nangokuthi othayi be-zip noma izintambo zokugoqa, ziyipulasitiki ehlala isikhathi eside noma izibopho zenayiloni ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa nokuvikela izintambo ndawonye. Zitholakala ngobude obuhlukahlukene futhi zingaqiniswa kalula futhi zikhishwe. Othayi bekhebula basiza ukugcina izintambo zigoqeke kahle futhi zizivimbele ukuthi zingahlangani noma zidale ingozi yokukhubeka.
• Iziqeshana zekhebula: Iziqeshana zekhebula ziyiziqeshana ezine-adhesive-backed ezinamathiselwe ezindaweni ezingaphezulu, njengezindonga noma amadeski, futhi zibambe izintambo endaweni yazo. Zisiza umzila futhi zivikele izintambo endleleni oyifunayo, zigcine zihlelekile futhi ziwavimbele ukuthi angahlangani noma alenga ngokukhululeka.
• Imikhono yekhebula: Imikhono yekhebula amashubhu aguquguqukayo noma okusongayo okuhlanganisa izintambo eziningi, okwenza inqwaba eyodwa, ehlelekile. Zisiza ukuvikela izintambo ekuhuzukeni, othulini, nasekulimaleni kuyilapho zinikeza ukubukeka okulula.
• Iziteshi Zokuphatha Ikhebula: Iziteshi zokuphatha ikhebula, ezaziwa nangokuthi imigwaqo yomjaho noma amapayipi, ziyiziteshi ezivalekile ezibamba namakhebula omzila. Zivame ukugxunyekwa ezindongeni noma ophahleni, zinikeze indlela ehlanzekile nehlelekile yezintambo.

 

Ukukhetha Amathuluzi Okuphatha Ikhebula

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha amathuluzi okuphatha amakhebula:

 

1. Inombolo Nezinhlobo Zamakhebuli: Hlola inombolo nezinhlobo zezintambo okudingeka uzilawule. Nquma ukuthi uyawadinga yini amathuluzi okuphatha amakhebuli kagesi, amakhebuli alalelwayo, amakhebuli edatha, noma inhlanganisela yalokhu. Khetha amathuluzi angakwazi ukuthwala izintambo ezithile osebenza ngazo.
2. Ukufaka nokukhweza: Nquma izinketho zokukhweza nezindlela zokufaka zamathuluzi okuphatha ikhebula. Cabangela ukuthi uyawadinga yini amathuluzi angenziwa ngezikulufu, ananyathiselwe, noma afakwe ngendlela ethile ukuze afanele ukusethwa kwestudiyo sakho.
3. Ukuvumelana nezimo nokunwebeka: Cabangela ukuguquguquka nokunwebeka kwamathuluzi okuphatha ikhebula. Bheka amathuluzi avumela ukungezwa kalula noma ukususwa kwezintambo, kanye nokulungiswa komzila wekhebula noma ubude njengoba ukusethwa kwestudiyo sakho kuguquka.
4. Ukuqina kanye Nobuhle: Qinisekisa ukuthi amathuluzi okuphatha ikhebula aqinile futhi anikeza ukubukeka okuhlanzekile nokuchwepheshile. Cabangela izinto zokwakha, ukuqedwa, kanye nobuhle bubonke bamathuluzi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ahambisana nezidingo ezibukwayo zesitudiyo sakho.

Amadeski okusakaza

Amadeski okusakaza, aziwa nangokuthi amadeski omsakazo noma ama-studio consoles, ayizingcezu zefenisha eziklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa indawo yokusebenza yo-DJ, abasingathi, noma abakhiqizi. Lawa madeski enzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthwala okokusebenza okulalelwayo, iziqapha zekhompyutha, izixube, imibhobho, iziqapha, namanye amathuluzi abalulekile adingekayo ekusakazeni. Bahlinzeka ngendawo yokusebenzela ezinikele nehlelekile, evumela abasakazi ukuthi bafinyelele futhi balawule amathuluzi abo ngenkathi beletha okuhlangenwe nakho okushelelayo nokuphumelelayo emoyeni.

 

 

Indlela Esebenza

 

Amadeski okusakaza aklanywe kucatshangelwa ukuhamba komsebenzi nezimfuneko zochwepheshe bomsakazo. Ngokuvamile zifaka isakhiwo esibanzi nese-ergonomic, esihlinzeka ngendawo yokusebenza eyanele yokubekwa kwemishini futhi sivumele ukufinyelela kalula kuzo zonke izilawuli ezidingekayo namadivayisi. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile kanye nokusebenza kwamadeski okusakaza:

 

• Ukubekwa Kwezisetshenziswa: Amadeski okusakaza anikeza amagumbi athile, amashalofu, noma indawo yokubeka ukuze kuhlaliswe okokusebenza okulalelwayo okuhlukile, njengezixhumanisi zokulalelwayo, izixube, izidlali ze-CD, amarutha, amaphaneli okuchibiyela, nokunye. Lezi zindawo zokugcina zibekwe ngendlela efanele ukuze zifinyeleleke kalula kanye nokuphathwa kwamakhebula ngendlela efanele.
• I-Ergonomic Design: Amadeski okusakaza abeka phambili i-ergonomics ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuma okunethezekile nokunempilo kokusebenza. Akhiwe endaweni ephakeme efanele, evumela o-DJ noma ababungazi ukuthi bafinyelele izinto zabo ngokunethezeka futhi banciphise ukuxineka emhlane wabo, ezingalweni, nasentanyeni. Amanye amadeski aphinde afake izici ezilungisekayo, njengendawo ekwazi ukulungiswa ubude noma izitendi zokuqapha, ukuze wenze indawo yokusebenza ibe ngeyakho ngokuya ngokuthandwa ngabanye.
• Ukuphathwa Kwekhebula: Amadeski okusakaza ngokuvamile afaka amasistimu okuphatha amakhebula akhelwe ngaphakathi noma amakhompathimenti omzila futhi afihle amakhebuli, okugcina indawo yokusebenza ihlelekile futhi ingenawo ama-tangles. Lezi zixazululo zokuphatha amakhebula zisiza ukugcina indawo engenamafuhlufuhlu futhi kulula ukunakekelwa kwemishini.
• Ukucatshangelwa kwe-Acoustic: Amanye amadeski okusakaza ahlanganisa ukulashwa kwe-acoustic noma izinto zokwakha ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvela komsindo nokunciphisa ukuzwakala okungafunwa. Lezi zici zifaka isandla kwikhwalithi yomsindo engcono ngokunciphisa i-echo noma ukuzwakala kabusha ngaphakathi kwendawo yesitudiyo.

 

Ukukhetha Amadeski Okusakaza

 

Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho ukhetha amadeski okusakaza:

 

1. Izidingo Zendawo Yokusebenzela Nezisetshenziswa: Hlola isikhala esitholakala ku-studio sakho somsakazo kanye nezinto zokusebenza ozidingayo ukuze uzifake edeskini. Cabangela ubukhulu nokwakheka kwedeski, uqinisekise ukuthi lingakwazi ukuthwala ngokunethezeka zonke izinto zakho ezibalulekile futhi likunikeze indawo yokusebenza eyanele yemisebenzi yakho.
2. I-Ergonomics and Comfort: Beka kuqala amadeski anikeza izici zedizayini ze-ergonomic, njengobude obulungisekayo, izitendi zokuqapha, nendawo eyanele yomlenze. Qinisekisa ukuthi ideski livumela ukuqondanisa kahle komzimba futhi unciphise ukukhandleka phakathi nezikhathi zokusakaza ezinde.
3. Isitoreji Nokuphathwa Kwekhebula: Bheka amadeski anezingxenye ezanele zokugcina, amashalofu, noma ama-rack ukuze uhlele futhi ugcine okokusebenza kwakho. Cabangela izici ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokuphatha ikhebula ukuze ugcine izintambo zihlelekile futhi unciphise ukugxamalaza noma ukuphazamiseka.
4. Idizayini Nobuhle: Khetha ideski eliqondana nobuhle bedizayini yesitudiyo sakho futhi lithuthukise ukukhanga okubonakalayo kukonke. Cabangela impahla yokwakha, ukuqedwa, izinketho zombala, nanoma yiziphi izici ezitholakalayo ezenza ngezifiso.
5. Yakha Ikhwalithi Nokuqina: Qinisekisa ikhwalithi yokwakha nokuqina kwedeski. Bheka amadeski enziwe ngezinto eziqinile ezingamelana nesisindo semishini yakho futhi anikeze ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside.

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Isisetshenziswa Sokucubungula Umsindo

Engxenyeni yokucubungula amasignali alalelwayo, amathuluzi angu-9 afakiwe, futhi (chofoza ukuze uwavakashele):

 

1. Sakaza Isathelayithi Receiver
2. Isishintshi somsindo we-Stereo
3. Sakaza iphrosesa yomsindo
4. I-Rack AC Power Conditioner
5. Gada Ama-headphone
6. I-Rack Audio Monitor
7. I-Digital FM Tuner
8. I-alamu Yephutha Lomsindo
9. I-UPS Power Supply

 

Izinga eliphezulu lomsindo wokusakaza lihlala liwumgomo oyinhloko olandelwa abathandi bomsakazo, okubuye kube umgomo wokuqala olandelwa abaqhubi bemisakazo abaningi. Eqinisweni, uma ufuna ukuphishekela ikhwalithi yomsindo ephelele, imishini ethile ebalulekile ibalulekile, njengephrosesa yomsindo esebenza kahle kakhulu evela ku-FMUSER ingakusiza ugweme ngempumelelo ithonya lomsindo omkhulu (yize intengo izobiza kakhulu), kodwa ingenye yezixazululo ezisebenzayo. Yiqiniso, njengoba uRay esho: "intambo eyodwa ayikwazi ukwenza intambo, noma umuthi owodwa ube yihlathi". Yiziphi ezinye izinto zokusakaza/amadivayisi okudingeka uwengeze ngaphandle kwe-Audio Processor ebiza kakhulu? Ake sibone ukuthi uFmuser unani!

1. Sakaza Isamukeli Sesathelayithi

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Sakaza Isathelayithi Receiver ukusebenza?

Isamukeli sesathelayithi sisetshenziselwa ukwamukela uhlelo lomsindo wesathelayithi futhi luwufake ku Umsakazi womsakazo we-FM. Futhi umthombo wesignali egumbini lokubeka ulingana nomthombo wohlelo olusakazwa yisathelayithi. I-Satellite TV iwuhlelo lwe-TV. Ingadlulisela isignali engenantambo kumabonakude womhlaba wonke ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yamasathelayithi okuxhumana, amasignali omsakazo, i-FMUSER yangaphandle ama-antenna, nezikhungo zokusakaza. Umthombo wohlelo uthumela isignali Esikhungweni Sokusakaza somhlinzeki wesevisi. Isamukeli se-TV yesathelayithi siyisisetshenziswa sokwamukela nokususa ukubethela lezi zinhlelo.

 

Kunezinhlobo ezine ezijwayelekile zezamukeli zesathelayithi

 

• Isamukeli se-HD
• General receiver
• Digital receiver with recorder
• Encrypted channel receiver

 

Tips from Ray - Satellite TV uses a special antenna, usually called a i-antenna yesathelayithi.

 

Kungani Sakaza Isathelayithi Receiver ibalulekile?

Most of them are used to relay free satellite programs because it is very expensive to rent satellites to transmit their own programs, as FmuserRay researches, the utility model relates to an audio frequency amplifier isifunda, a single-phase identification and demodulation circuit, an audio frequency amplifier control circuit, and a multi-phase identification and demodulation circuit. After demodulating the audio modulation signal and management code modulation signal fmuser.-net input by a cable broadcasting signal source fmuser.-net, one channel outputs a management code, one channel outputs a control code through the microprocessor, the other channel outputs an audio signal, and the output control code controls the selection of audio signal. Realize the functional control and management of the receiver, so that cable audio broadcasting can achieve high-quality, multi-channel, multi-functional services.

 

Tips from Ray - Satellite audio receiver is specially designed to distribute audio programs through satellite to a inethiwekhi yomsakazo, which is the most important part of the radio distribution application

2. Stereo Audio Switcher

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Isishintshi somsindo we-Stereo ukusebenza?

The audio switcher is used to detect the audio status of each channel circularly. When switching, there is no audio channel to skip automatically fmuser.-net and the switching delay time is optional. Users can set different lengths of switching delay time on the front panel according to their own needs, which provides an effective guarantee for the safe broadcasting of audio. The audio switcher can transmit a multi-channel audio input signal to the output port. In the case of the multi-channel input signal, it can switch any input signal to the output port.

 

Tips from fmuser-ray - Usually, the audio switcher can complete any switching of 1 ~ 16 input and 1 ~ 16 output. It has an infrared remote control function and RS232 terminal communication control function. It can pre-add the RS485 bus interface, and users can easily complete the signal switching in the demonstration process.

 

Kungani Isishintshi somsindo we-Stereo ibalulekile?

 

The audio switcher can transmit multiple audio input signals to the output port. In the case of multiple input signals, any input signal can be switched to the output port. These analog and digital audio switchers (some with video) allow you to connect the left and right analog and/or digital audio inputs to one or more outputs. Tips from FM user - When the input is limited, they allow simple switching rather than disconnecting and reconnecting the cable. According to the needs of different industries, the audio switcher not only has an RCA interface supporting an unbalanced audio signal but also has a professional balanced audio XLR interface. www.fmuser.-net The audio switcher is a high-performance intelligent matrix switch equipment specially designed for audio signal display switching fmuser.-net. The stereo audio switcher is widely used in voice engineering, audio-visual teaching, command, and control center, multimedia conference room, and other occasions to complete audio signal switching.

3. Broadcast Audio processor

Kwenzeka kanjani Sakaza iphrosesa yomsindo ukusebenza?

 

The iphrosesa yomsindo can process the audio signal received from the satellite receiver. Broadcast audio processors contain specialty multi-band compressors/limiters. The Audio Processor will be the last piece of equipment used before the audio signals are transmitted. An audio processor, also known as a digital processor, is a kind of device to achieve a multi-functional audio digital signal processing effect. As FMuserray considers: We often use audio processing devices when using many large electronic devices. www-fmuser-net It can help us control music or score music, make it produce different sound effects in different scenes, increase the shock of music or score music, and at the same time, improve the quality of music Enough to control a lot of audio functions on site. The internal structure of the audio processor is generally composed of input parts and output parts. Its internal functions are more complete, some with drag and drop programming processing modules, which can be built by users freely, fmuser.-net.

 

In general, the internal architecture of a digital processor is generally composed of an input port and an output part. The functions of the audio processing part are generally as follows: the input part generally includes input gain control (input gain), input equalization (several segments of parameter equalization), input EQ, and so on, Input delay, input polarity, etc, fmuser.-net. The output part generally has several common functions, such as signal input distribution, routing (round), high pass filter (HPF), low pass filter (LPF), equalizer (output EQ), polarity, gain, delay, limiter start level (limit).

Common audio processors can be divided into 4 types:

 

• Simple speaker processor

It is used to connect the mixer to the power amplifier instead of analog peripheral equipment for signal processing.

• The 8-in 8-out multi-functional digital audio processor

It can replace the analog system composed of the small mixer and peripheral equipment in the conference system. It has a network interface and can be connected to the computer through Ethernet for programming and online real-time control.hamba manje

• Digital audio processor with network audio transmission function

It is similar to the above two functions, but the audio transmission function of the network is added (CobraNet is generally supported), which can transmit audio data to each other in a LAN.

• Processing matrix

This kind of processor is an extremely powerful host, which is usually used in large broadcasting systems or conference centers. Large processing matrices are centralized in a computer room, and the processing control of all rooms is completed by the machine in the main computer room. Therefore, fmuser.-net, no matter one or more rooms are used, the processor in the main computer room must be turned on at any time fmuser.-net. This kind of audio network is based on CobraNet or other protocols of Gigabit Ethernet and supports real-time transmission and control.

 

Kungani Sakaza iphrosesa yomsindo ibalulekile?

 

At the simplest level, DSP can be considered as a beautiful and extremely precise tone control. When you combine the iprosesa from fmuser with the measurement function of the real-time analyzer, the tone balance and accuracy of the audio system can be greatly improved by properly trained technicians. Instead of listening to recordings, the voice of humans and musical instruments sound more like performing on the spot. Expert technicians can use stereo equalization to improve the staging and imaging features of your sound system, which can help further improve the authenticity of the listening experience.

 

FM The audio processing technology is based on the idea that it can realize this benefit while making the audience any illusion of change. Successful audio processing performs the required electrical modifications while presenting a natural and realistic subjective result.

 

U For example, the reduction of dynamic range caused by processing makes listening in noisy environments (especially cars) much more difficult. In music with a wide dynamic range, soft music often disappears completely under the effect of background noise. Few listeners listen to music in a completely quiet environment. If you turn the volume up, the larger channels can be uncomfortable later. In cars, the dynamic range cannot exceed 20 dB without causing these problems. The competent audio processing can reduce the dynamic range of the program without adverse side effects.

 

S In addition, broadcast program materials are usually from a variety of rapidly changing sources, most of which are made without considering other spectrum balances. If the multi-band limit is used correctly, the interference between sources can be automatically consistent. FM-user-Ray knows that just as long films are made to maintain a consistent look, multi-band restrictions and consistency are essential to stations that want to develop unique audio signatures and strong positive personalities. At the end of the day, it all has to do with the experience of the audience.

 

E In addition, most countries have little tolerance for over modulation, so peak limits must be applied for signals sent to regulated public waves.

 

R The performance of the processor must be judged based on many different types of program data used in a given format, and finally, the processor must be judged based on its ability to attract and maintain the target audience of a given broadcaster. Long-term listening is irreplaceable, says Ray.

 

In summary, the benefits of using digital audio processors are:

 

• Removing the Equalization in Audio

It can remove the balance added to your music. Automakers have to spend a penny in making cars, Ray says, so they don't use high-quality speakers, they use cheap speakers and add equalizers to make them sound better. This balances "discolors sound" when you add upgraded speakers, which reduces the sound you hear.

• Summing Your Audio

Many advanced factory audio systems divide music signals into different speaker sizes. Because you want the new speakers to work at the best performance, the processor aggregates the signals into a single full frequency channel. Now, your installer can choose the music frequency that suits them best, says Ray.

• Enhancing the Listening Experience

Digital latency has been added to your music. Have you ever noticed that your voice seems to have been made from the door closest to you? The processor allows us to delay the sound arrival of each speaker. Now, all of this is reaching your ears at the same time. This will allow your voice to appear in front of you, with stage and image effects comparable to intimate jazz concerts or acoustic performances fmuser.-net.

• Improving Sound Quality and Output Quality

The carefully crafted equalizer enables us to individually fine-tune each speaker in your new system to maximize its sound quality and output. In summary, we can simply tell you that a carefully designed, carefully built broadcast system and the properly adjusted processor can bring about 100% or higher sound quality improvement.

4. I-Rack AC Power Conditioner

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-Rack AC Power Conditioner ukusebenza?

 

The Power conditioner, also known as a line conditioner, can protect equipment from the surge. It is used to protect sensitive loads by eliminating voltage fluctuations such as spikes, transients, and electrical noise. The power conditioner acts as a buffer between the socket and the system to eliminate voltage fluctuations and radio and electromagnetic interference fmuser.-net that may affect the performance of the system, says Ray. A power conditioner is often used in industrial production and laboratory research, and it is also very common in home electronic applications, such as audio equipment. Power conditioners can be electronic or transformer-based, which helps to correct voltage and waveform distortion and eliminate external electrical noise (i.e. frequency and electromagnetic interference) caused by radio and motor equipment. Unlike surge protectors, surge protectors protect devices from voltage spikes, however, surges and spikes still affect some sensitive electronic devices. Radiofrequency interference (RFI), electromagnetic interference (EMI), and voltage fluctuation can also affect the sound and reduce the sound and image quality of equipment. For example, when a musician hears a buzzing sound from his guitar amplifier and his power conditioner can immediately remove it, fmuser.-net it is claimed to be proof of his magical power conditioner. The only problem is that the buzz is usually caused by a ground loop, and the power conditioner has nothing to do with it. A surge protector can effectively prevent the damage of voltage spikes. However, surges and spikes will not only affect some sensitive electronic devices. Radiofrequency interference (RFI), electromagnetic interference (EMI), and voltage fluctuations can also affect sound, entertainment, and office equipment, thereby reducing sound and image quality.

 

Kungani I-Rack AC Power Conditioner ibalulekile?

 

AC power conditioner can protect high-performance audio and video system equipment and has up to 10 or more sockets. AC power conditioner is a typical power conditioner, which can provide a "clean" AC power supply, surge protection, and noise filtering, and avoid equipment damage caused by lightning, surge, and other problems. AC power conditioner is especially suitable for applications where you need to use a noisy power supply, such as home and office applications. Some units have a built-in AVR (audio and video receiver) to compensate for voltage fluctuation. But in fact, UPS (uninterruptible power supply) has its own inverter and battery, which can be used to compensate for low-voltage or high-voltage input power supply, fmuser.-net and provide power filtering and power protection. Its performance is better than that of the AC power conditioner. As Ray says, when power supply filtering is not available, UPS should be the first choice for server and network equipment.

 

The advantages of power regulation include:

 

• Ukuvikelwa kwemishini

Voltage surge protection through a wire, telephone line, coaxial TV input, and LAN connection can lead to system performance degradation or system failure.

• Noise elimination

Radio and television stations, mobile devices, electric motors cause noise in the wires - even high current equipment (vacuum, refrigerator) can produce noise.

• Fluctuation correction of voltage and waveform distortion.

 

Types and limitations of power conditioners:

 

• Isihlungi se-passive

This is the cheapest type of power conditioner that splits the high-frequency noise component - grounded through a capacitor. These provide very basic noise reduction functions.

• Balance transformer

This type of power conditioner has a better noise reduction function than the passive inductor-capacitor model (above). It is characterized by an isolation balance transformer, which can balance the AC power supply and produce a more suitable noise reduction effect for audio and video components. Compared with passive filters, they are much more expensive, larger, heavier, and noisy, and their power output is limited due to the damping effect of the balance transformer.

• AC regeneration

AC regenerative air conditioner will emit a lot of heat when it is running, but the price is higher, but it can better solve the problems related to noise in the audio and video frequency spectrum. Its working principle is similar to that of a generator, which is used to adjust AC voltage, correct waveform symmetry (distortion), and reduce or eliminate low-order harmonic noise (due to the unbalanced load in AC line) Even or limited noise generated by neighbors to your home), these are the center of known problems. These high-end regulators use automatic voltage stabilizing circuits and microprocessor-controlled variable transformers to provide a completely new AC voltage for your entertainment system without noise-induced fluctuations or surges.

6. Rack Audio Monitor

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-Rack Audio Monitor ukusebenza?

 

The audio monitor is a kind of active equipment, equipped with speakers, can maximize the output power, front digital panel, can be more easily operated. It is also used to monitor whether the input audio program is correct and to monitor the audio quality before it is finally inputted to the FM broadcast transmitter. 

 

Kungani I-Rack Audio Monitor ibalulekile?

 

The audio monitor is often used to monitor the sound from any stereo line-level output, to ensure the control of outdoor background music and strict control of the paging system. General audio monitors in the United States are equipped with DC coupling capacitors at each input to maintain signal integrity without distortion, noise, or ground loops (without a transformer). The rack design enables rack-mounted audio monitors to be installed in very compact applications， which reduces the use of inner spaces.

 

These units are ideal for use in VTR brackets, mobile production vehicles, teleconference devices, multimedia systems, satellite links, cable TV facilities, and radio stations.

 

These units are ideal for use in space-critical environments, such as TV facilities, studios, VTR brackets, mobile production vehicles, satellite links, and virtually any rack-mounted environment that requires multi-channel audio monitoring.

7. Rack Digital FM Tuner

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-Digital FM Tuner ukusebenza?

 

The Tuner is used to receive RF signals and convert them to a lower modulated intermediate frequency (IF) or further down-convert to unmodulated baseband.It is a device that receives radio frequency (RF) transmission such as radio broadcast and converts the selected carrier frequency and its associated bandwidth into a fixed frequency suitable for further processing. The transmitting stations and radio receivers receive tiny signals. It is then converted to if through the tuner. It can also be converted by direct synthesis. Then the RF signal is brought to the detector, which acquires the RF signal and brings it to the audio frequency. The audio amplifier then amplifies the signal for playback through headphones or speakers. The tuner selects the resonant frequency by changing the amount of current flowing through it (or something like that). Its job is to separate a sine wave fmuser.-net from thousands of radio signals received by the antenna. In this case, the tuner will be tuned to receive a 680000 Hz signal. The working principle of the tuner is resonance. In other words, Ray says, the tuner resonates and amplifies at a specific frequency, ignoring all other frequencies in the air.

 

Tuners basically take a reference wave and compare that wave against what the antenna picks up, and there are several kinds of tuners:

 

• AM
• FM
• Analog TV -NTSC
• Analog TV - PAL
• Digital

 

Kungani I-Digital FM Tuner ibalulekile?

 

The FM tuner can receive FM signals from other stations and input them into the transmitter. It can broadcast programs from other radios. In the early days of broadcasting, the resonance of the antenna and its related inductance and capacitance characteristics were really the items to "dial" the frequency you want to listen to. You don't actually change the length of the antenna, but you can tune the resonance by changing the inductor (coil) or capacitor connected to the antenna. The output signal is an AC voltage, and by rectifying it with a diode (then called a "crystal"), you can extract the signal modulated as a carrier amplitude change. As FMUSER-Ray considers, it's all without any batteries! 

 

FM-But in fact, the antenna in an ordinary modern radio is not a component that "plugs" into the selected broadcast frequency. It's true that the antenna circuit should resonate in the band you're interested in, fmuser.-net but then the broadband signal is mixed with the sinusoidal signal generated internally in the radio in the analog component, which subtracts the frequency and makes the rest possible. Radio operates in a very easy-to-handle frequency band (called if). In the mixer, you can adjust the reception effect in the modern superheterodyne radio receiver. It is much easier to synthesize the precise tuning frequency than to change the resonance of the antenna circuit.

 

User-The rest is not real physics, but the difference between analog radio and digital radio lies in the circuit. Basically, analog radio extracts modulated signal from intermediate frequency, which is amplified and sent to loudspeaker or radio output. In digital broadcasting, the signal represents the digital version of the audio, just as the wave or MP3 file on the computer is a digital representation, it can be converted back to the analog signal that can be sent to the speaker. The advantage of this is that the bandwidth requirement of digital signals in the air may (potentially) be reduced, fmuser.-net so you can accommodate more signals in the same "airspace", and digital signals are not susceptible to noise. As Ray writes "yes" because unfortunately, many commercial digital radio / TV stations do not, says Ray.

 

FMUSER. Let me repeat that in "digital" radio, the components that select the receiving frequency are still analog, but the mixed (tuned) frequency is digitally controlled and selected.

 

Another interesting thing is software-defined radio (SDR), which is the principle of converting if (or in some cases directly antenna frequency) to a digital signal and demodulating it by a full software upgradeable signal processor fmuser.-net. Since it is much easier to program new software than to weld electronic components, this has aroused wide interest among radio enthusiasts.

 

If you include SDR and apply it without using any intermediate frequency (connecting the antenna directly to the analog-to-digital converter and signal processor), there is a pure software way to adjust the signal source according to your requirements, although it is not the most common way for digital radio to work at present.

8. Audio Fault Alarm

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-alamu Yephutha Lomsindo ukusebenza?

 

By monitoring the audio input, the audio fault alarm can synchronously monitor multiple audio channels to ensure the quality of the audio input

 

Kungani I-alamu Yephutha Lomsindo ibalulekile?

 

In addition to monitoring the audio channel, the most important thing is that the audio fault alarm can detect the audio fault and send the alarm in time.

9. UPS Power Supply

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-UPS Power Supply ukusebenza?

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS), also known as a standby battery, is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the input power supply which provides backup power when your regular power source fails fmuser.-net or voltage drops to an unacceptable level. It is a kind of standby continuous power supply system that supplies power to the equipment when the main power supply of the equipment is disconnected. UPS consists of a battery, which will "plugin" when the device detects a power failure of the main power supply, providing energy stored in the battery, fmuser.-net, supercapacitor, or flywheel, providing near-instantaneous protection for the interruption of the input power supply so that the power-off device can keep running for at least a short time. UPS equipment also provides anti-surge protection. The size and design of UPS determine how long it will supply power. The small UPS system can provide power for several minutes, which is enough to turn off the computer power orderly, while the large system has enough battery power to last for several hours until it is taken over by the generator.

 

The common ups are divided into the following three types:

 

• I-UPS elindile
• I-UPS eku-inthanethi
• I-UPS Esebenzisanayo eku-inthanethi

 

Adding an uninterruptible power supply to your radio station is a good way to ensure that the power is interrupted at an important time

 

• The function of UPS is practical and simple
• Absorb relatively small surge.
• Eliminate noisy power supply.
• Continuous power supply for equipment during line drop.
• The equipment will be shut down automatically in case of power failure for a long time.
• Monitor and record the power status.
• Displays the voltage / current consumption of the device.
• Restart the equipment after a long power failure.
• Displays the voltage on the current power line.
• Provide alerts in some error situations.
• Provide short circuit protection.

Why Uninterruptible Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi ibalulekile?

 

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is designed to protect critical loads from specific power supply problems, including spikes, power failures, fluctuations, and power outages. UPS is particularly prominent for hardware protection. The UPS power supply in the rack room can stabilize the power supply and supply power to the equipment fmuser-net in a short time to prevent equipment failure or non-operation caused by an unstable grid or to prevent the equipment from stopping working due to power failure or tripping fmuser.-net. In some application scenarios that are vulnerable to the negative impact of power failures, such as telecommunications equipment or computers, sudden power failure will cause machine damage and may cause the loss of some important files, or even casualties. fmuser.-net For a super large professional radio station, UPS is necessary. UPS battery system can protect you and your radio station from damage in case of power failure so that your expensive radio station equipment can automatically fmuser-net run for a period of time without a video monitor until the main power takes over. In hospitals, banks, and other important institutions, these precious minutes may be a matter of life and death. UPS can respond immediately when the main power is cut off, says Ray, and provide powerful power for the system, and then give it to the backup system immediately after it is started and running.

 

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Isisetshenziswa Testing

 

RF Dummy Load

Choosing Dummy Loads

 

Consider the following factors when choosing dummy loads:

 

1. Amandla Okuphatha: Determine the power handling capacity of the dummy load. Ensure that it can safely handle the maximum power output of your transmitter without exceeding its limits or causing damage.
2. Ukufanisa Impedance: Verify that the dummy load matches the impedance of your transmission line, typically 50 ohms. This impedance matching ensures that the transmitter operates properly and minimizes reflections.
3. Cooling and Heat Dissipation: Consider the cooling mechanisms and heat dissipation capabilities of the dummy load. Look for designs that efficiently dissipate heat generated by the absorbed RF energy, ensuring that the dummy load remains within safe operating temperatures.
4. Ukuxhumana: Verify that the dummy load has the appropriate connectors to match your transmission line. Common connectors include BNC, N-type, or UHF connectors.
5. Ukunemba: Assess the accuracy of the dummy load's impedance matching to ensure it provides a reliable simulation of an antenna's load. Look for dummy loads that have been tested and verified for their impedance characteristics.

 

Recommended High Power RF Dummy Loads for You

 

1kW 1000 Watts	1.2kW 1200 Watts	1.5kW 1500 Watts	2kW 2000 Watts
2.5kW 2500 Watts	3kW 3000 Watts	4kW 4000 Watts	5kW 5000 Watts
10kW 10000 Watts	15kW 15000 Watts	20kW 20000 Watts	50kW Model A
50kW Model B	75kW 75000 Watts	100kW 100000 Watts	200kW 200000 Watts

 

AM Dummy Loads

AM dummy loads are resistive loads designed to match the impedance of an antenna system in AM broadcasting. They consist of resistive elements enclosed in a heat-dissipating enclosure. Dummy loads are commonly used during equipment testing, transmitter maintenance, or when an actual antenna is not desired or feasible for signal transmission.

 

 

How do AM Dummy Loads Work?

 

AM dummy loads work by providing a resistive load that matches the impedance of the antenna system, typically 50 or 75 ohms. They absorb the RF power from the transmitter, preventing it from being radiated into the air. The resistive elements inside the dummy load convert the RF energy into heat, which is then dissipated using heat sinks or cooling mechanisms.

 

The absorbed power is dissipated as heat, and the dummy load should be designed to handle the power levels generated by the transmitter without overheating or damage. The heat dissipation capability of the dummy load should be considered to ensure it can handle the power rating of the transmitter being tested.

 

Choosing AM Dummy Loads

 

Consider the following factors when choosing AM dummy loads:

 

1. Impedance: Determine the impedance rating required for your application. Choose an AM dummy load that matches the impedance of your antenna system (commonly 50 or 75 ohms) to ensure accurate testing and measurement results.
2. Amandla Okuphatha: Verify that the dummy load can handle the power rating of your transmitter. Consider the maximum power output of your transmitter and choose a dummy load with a power rating that exceeds your transmitter's maximum power to ensure safe and reliable operation.
3. Ukukhipha Ukushisa: Ensure that the dummy load is designed with adequate heat dissipation mechanisms to handle the power being absorbed. Consider factors such as cooling fins, heat sinks, or fans to dissipate the heat effectively and prevent overheating.
4. Yakha Ikhwalithi: Choose a well-constructed and reliable dummy load to ensure longevity and accuracy. Look for robust construction, durable materials, and proper connections to ensure a secure and stable connection during testing or transmission.
5. Imvamisa Range: Verify that the dummy load covers the frequency range used in your AM broadcasting system. Ensure that it can handle the specific frequency range of your application without significant impedance variations.

 

Recommended AM Dummy Loads for You

 

1/3/5kW	I-100kW	I-200kW

 

RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench

An RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench is a dedicated setup designed specifically for testing and analyzing the performance of RF power amplifiers used in AM transmitters. It allows engineers and technicians to assess the efficiency, linearity, distortion, and other essential parameters of the amplifiers.

 

* RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench from FMUSER, learn more:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/detail/am-transmitter-test-bench.html

 

How does an RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench Work?

 

An RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench typically consists of various equipment and components to facilitate accurate testing and measurement of RF power amplifiers. The test bench may include:

 

1. Signal Generator: Provides the input signal to the power amplifier under test. The signal generator generates the modulated or unmodulated RF signal at the desired frequency and power level.
2. Imitha Yamandla: Measures the output power of the amplifier being tested. It provides accurate power measurement for different frequency bands and helps evaluate the amplifier's performance and linearity.
3. Ukunqanyulwa kokulayisha: A load termination is connected to the output of the power amplifier to provide a matched load and ensure proper testing conditions. It helps dissipate the output power generated by the amplifier without reflecting it back and causing interference or damage.
4. Test Signal Monitoring: Equipment such as oscilloscopes or spectrum analyzers may be used to monitor and analyze the output signal quality, distortion, and other characteristics.

 

The RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench allows engineers to apply controlled input signals, measure the output power, analyze the signal quality, and evaluate the performance of the power amplifiers under various operating conditions.

 

Choosing an RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench

 

Consider the following factors when choosing an RF Power Amplifier Voltage Test Bench:

 

1. Ukuhambelana: Ensure that the test bench is compatible with the specific type and frequency range of RF power amplifiers used in your AM transmitters.
2. Amandla Okuphatha: Verify that the test bench provides the necessary power handling capacity to accommodate the maximum output power of the amplifiers being tested. It should be able to handle the power levels without distortion or damage.
3. Ukulinganisa Ukulinganisa: Consider the measurement accuracy of the test bench's power meter or other measurement equipment. Accurate measurements are crucial for evaluating and comparing amplifier performance.
4. Ease of Use and Control: Look for a test bench that offers user-friendly controls and an intuitive interface for easy operation. Remote control capabilities can also be beneficial to streamline testing and data acquisition.
5. Expandability and Flexibility: Consider the ability to expand the test bench's capabilities or adapt it to future requirements. The test bench should allow for future upgrades or modifications to accommodate evolving testing needs.

I-RF Power Meter

An RF power meter is a measurement instrument used to quantify the power level of RF signals. It is commonly employed in various applications, including radio broadcasting, telecommunications, wireless systems, and RF testing. RF power meters provide accurate power measurements, typically in watts or decibels, enabling users to analyze and optimize the performance of RF systems.

 

 

* PM-1A RF power meter from FMUSER, learn more:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/detail/pm1a-rf-power-meter.html

 

How does an RF Power Meter Work?

RF power meters typically employ various techniques to measure the power of RF signals. The specific method used can depend on the frequency range, power level, and accuracy requirements. Here are a few common measurement techniques:

 

1. Thermal Power Sensors: Utilize a thermocouple or thermistor-based sensor to measure the power of the RF signal. The power absorbed by the sensor generates heat, which is converted into an electrical signal proportional to the RF power.
2. Diode Power Sensors: Incorporate a diode-based sensor that rectifies the RF signal, converting it into a DC voltage proportional to the RF power level. Diode sensors are often used for a broad range of frequencies and power levels.
3. RF Field Strength Measurement: Some power meters operate based on field strength measurement. They use antennas or probes to measure the electric or magnetic field strength of the RF signal. By measuring the field strength, the power can be calculated using specific formulas and assumptions about the antenna's characteristics.

 

RF power meters may also feature additional capabilities such as frequency measurement, modulation analysis, and data logging to provide more comprehensive analysis of RF signals.

 

Choosing an RF Power Meter

 

Consider the following factors when choosing an RF power meter:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Ensure that the RF power meter covers the frequency range required for your specific applications. It should be compatible with the frequencies you intend to measure.
2. Ibanga Lokulinganisa Amandla: Verify that the power meter offers a suitable power measurement range to accommodate the power levels you expect to encounter. Consider both the maximum and minimum power levels of your RF signals.
3. Ukulinganisa Ukulinganisa: Evaluate the accuracy and precision of the power meter. Look for specifications such as measurement uncertainty, linearity, and calibration options to ensure accurate measurements in your intended application.
4. Isivinini Sokulinganisa: Consider the measurement speed required for your specific tests. Some applications may require fast measurements, while others may not have strict timing constraints.
5. Isibonisi nesixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi: Assess the display size, clarity, and ease of use of the power meter's user interface. The display should provide clear readings and relevant information, while the controls and menus should be intuitive and straightforward.
6. Connectivity and Data Logging: Determine whether the power meter offers connectivity options such as USB, Ethernet, or wireless interfaces for data transfer and control. Data logging capabilities can be beneficial for recording and analyzing power measurements over time.

 

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RF Signal Processing Components

 

Antenna Power Divider for Multi-layer Antenna

 

*FMUSER FU-P2 FM Antenna Power Divider - Okuningi.

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Antenna Power Divider ukusebenza?

 

An antenna power divider is a device that divides power (equally) between two output ports from one input port or combines two antennas as an array and presents them as a 50-ohm load to a transmitter/receiver combination or transceiver. In the ideal case, a power divider can be considered lossless, but in practice, there is always some fmuser-net power dissipation. The Divider/Combiner can be a quarter-wave section of the transmission line or it can be a can half wavelength section. Theoretically, a power divider and a power combiner can be the exact same component, but in practice, there may be different requirements for combiners and dividers, such as power handling, phase matching, port match, and isolation. Power dividers are often referred to as splitters. While this is technically correct, engineers typically reserve the word “splitter” to mean an inexpensive resistive structure that splits power over a very wide bandwidth but has considerable loss and limited power handling.

 

Kungani Antenna Power Divider ibalulekile?

 

When you need to use a multi-layer antenna and your transmitter has only one RF interface, you need to use the antenna power divider. Its function is to divide the single RF interface of the transmitter into "multiple" RF interfaces and connect these interfaces with the multi-layer antenna. At the same time, the power divider will divide the RF power of the transmitter equally into each layer of the antennas, says Ray.

Iyunithi ye-Antenna Tuning

An antenna tuning unit (ATU) is a device used in radio broadcasting systems to optimize the performance of the antenna system. Its primary function is to match the impedance of the antenna to the impedance of the transmission line, ensuring efficient power transfer and minimizing signal reflections. ATUs are especially useful when there are impedance mismatches between the antenna and the transmission line, which can occur due to changes in operating frequency or variations in the antenna's characteristics.

 

  

* Antenna Tuning Unit Solution from FMUSER, learn more:

 

https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/detail/am-antenna-tuning-unit-atu.html

 

How does an Antenna Tuning Unit Work?

 

ATUs work by adjusting the electrical properties of the antenna system to achieve a match with the transmission line, typically aiming for a 1:1 impedance ratio. This is achieved through various methods, depending on the design of the ATU. Some ATUs use variable capacitors and inductors to change the electrical length and impedance of the antenna system. By adjusting these components, the ATU can compensate for impedance differences and ensure that the antenna system is properly matched to the transmission line.

 

The ATU is typically placed between the transmitter and the antenna, and it is often located at the base of the antenna or in close proximity to the transmitter. It can be manually adjusted or automatically controlled, depending on the specific ATU design and capabilities.

 

Choosing an Antenna Tuning Unit

 

Consider the following factors when choosing an antenna tuning unit:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Determine the frequency range over which the ATU will operate. ATUs are designed for specific frequency ranges, so ensure that the ATU is suitable for the frequency band used by your radio station.
2. Amandla Okuphatha: Consider the power handling capacity of the ATU. Ensure that it can handle the maximum power output of your transmitter without causing damage or signal degradation.
3. Impedance Matching Range: Check the impedance matching range of the ATU. It should be capable of matching the impedance of your antenna system to the transmission line impedance effectively.
4. Ukulungiswa: Consider whether you need a manual or automatic ATU. Manual ATUs require manual adjustment, whereas automatic ATUs can adjust the impedance matching automatically based on feedback from sensors or control systems.
5. Ukufakwa Nokuhambisana: Ensure that the ATU is compatible with your antenna system and transmission line. Verify the input/output connectors, power requirements, and physical dimensions to ensure proper installation and integration.

Izihlungi ze-RF Cavity

RF cavity filters are specialized filters used in radio frequency (RF) systems to selectively attenuate or pass specific frequency bands. RF cavity filters work based on the principle of resonance within a resonant cavity. They consist of a metallic enclosure with one or more resonant cavities and coupling elements. The resonant cavities are tuned to resonate at specific frequencies, allowing them to attenuate or pass signals within those frequency ranges.

 

 

When a signal is applied to an RF cavity filter, the resonant cavities selectively attenuate or pass the frequencies that correspond to their resonant frequencies. The coupling elements control the amount of coupling between the cavities, allowing for precise frequency control and the desired filter characteristics (e.g., bandwidth, insertion loss, selectivity).

 

Choosing RF Cavity Filters

 

Consider the following factors when choosing RF cavity filters:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Determine the frequency range you need to filter. Choose an RF cavity filter that covers the specific frequency range of your application.
2. Filter Characteristics: Different cavity filters have different characteristics such as bandwidth, insertion loss, selectivity, and rejection. Consider the specific requirements of your RF system and choose a filter that meets those requirements.
3. Amandla Okuphatha: Verify that the RF cavity filter can handle the power levels of your application. Ensure that it can withstand the power without distortion or damage.
4. Filter Topology: Consider the filter topology that suits your application. Different cavity filter designs, such as combline filters, interdigital filters, and iris-coupled filters, have different characteristics and performance.
5. Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo: Assess the environmental conditions the RF cavity filter will be exposed to, such as temperature, humidity, and vibration. Ensure that the chosen filter is suitable for the specific environmental requirements of your application.
6. Size and Form Factor: Consider the physical size and form factor of the filter. Ensure that it fits within the available space and can be easily integrated into your RF system.

 

Isihlungi se-FM Cavity

 

An FM cavity filter is specifically designed for filtering FM (Frequency Modulation) signals. It helps attenuate or pass the desired frequency band to ensure proper signal transmission and reception in FM radio systems. FM cavity filters are commonly used in broadcast systems, radio transmitters, and receivers operating in the FM frequency range.

 

Recommended FM Filters for You

 

500W Bandpass	1500W Bandpass	3000W Bandpass
5000W Bandpass	100kW Bandpass	200kW Bandpass

 

I-VHF I-Cavity Izihlungi

 

VHF (Very High Frequency) cavity filters are designed to filter signals in the VHF frequency band, typically ranging from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. They are commonly used in various applications including television broadcasting, wireless communication systems, and public safety radios operating in the VHF frequency range.

 

Recommended VHF Filters for You

  

500W Bandpass	1500W Bandpass	3000W Bandpass	5000W Bandpass

10000W Bandpass	10000W Bandpass	10000W Bandpass

 

Izihlungi ze-UHF Cavity

 

UHF (Ultra High Frequency) cavity filters are designed for the UHF frequency band, which typically ranges from 300 MHz to 3 GHz. They are widely used in television broadcasting, wireless communication systems, radar systems, and other RF applications operating in the UHF frequency range.

 

Recommended UHF Filters for You

 

350W DTV Bandpass	750W DTV Bandpass	1600W DTV Bandpass
3000W DTV Bandpass	5500W DTV Bandpass	20kW Bandpass

  

Isihlungi se-L Band Cavity

 

An L Band cavity filter is designed to work in the L Band frequency range, typically ranging from 1 GHz to 2 GHz. L Band is commonly used in satellite communication, aeronautical applications, and wireless systems requiring long-range communication.

 

Ama-FM Transmitters anconyelwe wena

 

3kW Bandpass

  

I-RF Hybrid Couplers

RF hybrid couplers are passive devices used in RF systems to combine or split signals while maintaining isolation between the input and output ports.

 

  

How RF Hybrid Couplers Work

 

RF hybrid couplers work based on the principle of power division and combining within a four-port network. They consist of two input ports (often referred to as the main and coupled ports) and two output ports. The main port is connected to the main signal source, while the coupled port connects to the coupled signal. The remaining two ports are the output ports.

 

The RF hybrid coupler operates by splitting the power from the main port into two paths: one that goes directly to one output port and another that is coupled to the other output port. This allows for power division and signal coupling while maintaining high isolation between the input and output ports.

 

The amount of power split and coupling is determined by the design and specifications of the hybrid coupler, such as the coupling ratio and isolation. The coupling ratio determines the distribution of power between the output ports, while isolation ensures minimal signal leakage between the input and output ports.

 

Choosing RF Hybrid Couplers

 

Consider the following factors when choosing RF hybrid couplers:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Determine the frequency range you need to work with. Choose an RF hybrid coupler that covers the specific frequency range of your application.
2. Coupling Ratio: Evaluate the coupling ratio required for your system. The coupling ratio determines the distribution of power between the output ports. Choose a hybrid coupler with the appropriate coupling ratio based on your system's needs.
3. Ukuhlukaniswa: Consider the required level of isolation between ports. Higher isolation ensures minimal signal leakage between the input and output ports. Choose a hybrid coupler with sufficient isolation for your application.
4. Amandla Okuphatha: Verify that the RF hybrid coupler can handle the power levels of your application. Ensure that it can withstand the power without distortion or damage.
5. Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo: Assess the environmental conditions the hybrid coupler will be exposed to, such as temperature, humidity, and vibration. Ensure that the chosen coupler is suitable for the specific environmental requirements of your application.
6. Size and Form Factor: Consider the physical size and form factor of the hybrid coupler. Ensure that it fits within the available space and can be easily integrated into your RF system.

 

VHF Coupers

 

VHF (Very High Frequency) couplers are designed to operate in the VHF frequency range, typically from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. They are used to combine or split VHF signals while maintaining high isolation between ports. VHF couplers are commonly used in applications such as television broadcasting, wireless communication systems, and RF amplifiers operating in the VHF frequency range.

  

Recommended VHF Couplers for You

  

7/16 Din 4kW 3dB Hybrid FM	1-5/8" 4 Ports 15kW 3dB Hybrid FM	3-1/8" 4 Ports 50kW 3dB Hybrid FM
4-1/2", 4-7/8“, 6-1/8" Iput 12kW 3dB Hybrid FM	1-5/8" 15kW 3dB VHF	3-1/8", 4-1/2", 45/75kW 3dB Hybrid VHF

  

I-UHF Coupers

 

UHF (Ultra High Frequency) couplers are designed for the UHF frequency band, which generally spans from 300 MHz to 3 GHz. UHF couplers enable the combining or splitting of UHF signals while maintaining isolation between ports. They find applications in television broadcasting, wireless communication systems, radar systems, and other RF systems operating in the UHF frequency range.

 

Recommended UHF Couplers for You

 

1-5/8” 5kW 3dB Hybrid UHF	1-5/8" 8kW 3dB 4 Ports Hybrid FM	1-5/8" 15kW 3dB Hybrid UHF
1-5/8" 20kW 3dB Hybrid UHF	3-1/8" 25kW 3dB Hybrid UHF	4-1/2" 40kW 3dB Hybrid UHF

  

L Band Coupler

 

L Band couplers are specifically designed for the L Band frequency range, typically ranging from 1 GHz to 2 GHz. They are used to combine or split L Band signals while maintaining isolation between ports. L Band couplers are commonly used in satellite communication systems, aeronautical applications, and wireless systems requiring long-range communication.

 

Recommended L-band Couplers for You

 

1-5/8" 4kW 3dB Hybrid L-band	1-5/8", 7/16 Din, 3 Ports 4kW 3dB Hybrid L-band

  

Ama-Transmitter Combiners

Transmitter combiners are devices used in RF systems to combine the output signals of multiple transmitters into a single transmission line.

 

 

How Transmitter Combiners Work

 

Transmitter combiners work by combining the output signals of multiple transmitters into a common transmission line while maintaining proper impedance matching and isolation. They typically consist of filters, dividers, and combiner networks.

 

 

The filters in a transmitter combiner are used to isolate the individual transmitter outputs and prevent unwanted intermodulation or interferences. The dividers split the power from each transmitter and direct it to the combiner network. The combiner network merges the signals into a single transmission line, ensuring proper impedance matching and minimizing signal loss.

 

Transmitter combiners are designed to provide high isolation between the transmitter outputs, preventing cross-talk or interference between them. They also maintain impedance matching to ensure efficient signal transmission and reduce reflections.

 

Choosing Transmitter Combiners

 

Consider the following factors when choosing transmitter combiners:

 

1. Imvamisa Range: Determine the frequency range of your transmitters. Choose a transmitter combiner that covers the specific frequency range of your transmitters.
2. Number of Transmitters: Determine the number of transmitters you need to combine. Choose a transmitter combiner with sufficient input ports to accommodate all your transmitters.
3. Amandla Okuphatha: Verify that the transmitter combiner can handle the power levels of your transmitters. Ensure that it can withstand the combined power without distortion or damage.
4. Isolation and Insertion Loss: Evaluate the isolation and insertion loss characteristics of the transmitter combiner. Higher isolation ensures minimal interference between transmitter outputs, while lower insertion loss ensures efficient signal transmission.
5. Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo: Assess the environmental conditions the transmitter combiner will be exposed to, such as temperature, humidity, and vibration. Ensure that the chosen combiner is suitable for the specific environmental requirements of your application.
6. Size and Form Factor: Consider the physical size and form factor of the transmitter combiner. Ensure that it fits within the available space and can be easily integrated into your RF system.

 

Ama-FM Combiners

 

FM combiners are specifically designed for FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitters. They allow for the combination of multiple FM transmitter outputs into a common transmission line. FM combiners are commonly used in broadcast systems, FM radio stations, and other applications that require the simultaneous operation of multiple FM transmitters. >>Funda Kabanzi

 

Recommended FM Transmitter Combiners for You

  

Balanced type:

 

7/16 Din, 4kW, Model A	7/16 Din, 4kW, Model B	1-5/8" 15kW Model A	1-5/8" 15kW Model B

40kW 3-1/8"	3 or 4-Cav, 3-1/8", 50kW	70/120kW 4 1/2" 6 1/8" 3-Cav

 

Uhlobo lokuqala:

 

7/16 Din, 1kW	7/16 Din, 3kW	7/16 Din, 6kW

1-5/8", 10kW	3-1/8", 20kW

 

Ama-VHF Combiners

 

VHF (Very High Frequency) combiners are designed to combine the outputs of multiple VHF transmitters. They enable the efficient combination of VHF signals into a single transmission line, minimizing signal loss and interference. VHF combiners are commonly used in television broadcasting, wireless communication systems, and public safety radio networks operating in the VHF frequency range. >>Funda Kabanzi

 

Recommended VHF Transmitter Combiners for You

  

Balanced type:

 

1-5/8", 15kW, Max. 10kW	1-5/8", 15kW Max. 6kW	3-1/8", 6-Cav, 24kW	3 or 4-Cav., 3-1/8", 40kW

 

Star type:

 

4 or 6-Cav, 7/16 Din, 1kW	4 or 6-Cav, 1-5/8", 3kW	4 or 6-Cav, 1-5/8", 6kW	3 or 4-Cav., 1-5/8", 10kW

 

Ama-UHF Combiners

 

UHF (Ultra High Frequency) combiners are designed for the combination of UHF transmitter outputs. They allow for the efficient merging of UHF signals into a common transmission line, ensuring proper signal transmission and minimizing interference. UHF combiners find applications in television broadcasting, wireless communication systems, radar systems, and other RF systems operating in the UHF frequency range. >>Funda Kabanzi

 

Recommended UHF Transmitter Combiners for You

  

Balanced type:

 

6-Cav 1-5/8" Digital 1kW	6-Cav 7/16 Din Digtial 1kW	6-Cav 1-5/8" Digital 6kW
1-5/8" 4-Cav 8kW Analog, Model A	1-5/8" 4-Cav 8kW Analog Model B	1-5/8" or 3-1/8" 6-Cav 16kW Digital, Model A
1-5/8" or 3-1/8" 6-Cav 16kW Digital, Model B	4-1/2" Din 6-Cav 25kW Digital	3-1/8", 6-Cav, 25kW Analog

 

Abanye:

 

7-16 Din 6-Cav Cabinet 1kW	1-5/8" or 3-1/8", 8/20 kW Stretchline	3-1/8", 4-Cav, 15/20 kW Star-type	700W/1500W/3200W/6000W Star-type

 

L Band Combiners

 

L Band combiners are specifically designed for the combination of L Band transmitter outputs. They enable the simultaneous operation of multiple L Band transmitters by merging their signals into a single transmission line. L Band combiners are commonly used in satellite communication systems, aeronautical applications, and wireless systems requiring long-range communication in the L Band frequency range. >>Funda Kabanzi

 

Recommended UHF Transmitter Combiners for You

 

1-5/8" 6-Cav 3-Chan 3kW

 

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Waveguide Components

 

Antenna Waveguide Dehydrator

 

 

*Antenna waveguide dehydrator

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Waveguide Dehydrator ukusebenza?

Waveguide dehydrator is used to provide dry compressed air for itself and signal transmission towers (such as microwave, radar, antenna system, TV satellite ground) and related components in various fields. It is worth noting that in order to ensure the quality of signal transmission, the compressed air pressure provided by the general waveguide dehydrator fmuser.-net will be higher than the atmospheric pressure. On the one hand, it prevents the water from entering, avoids the condensation of the air, and achieves the driest effect; on the other hand, it avoids the influence caused by the weather. A small pressure vessel is installed in the waveguide dehydrator to ensure the stop-start cycle rather than the continuous operation of the integral compressor.

 

The differential pressure switch controls the operation of the compressor. The container stores dry air at elevated pressure and are pumped into the waveguide at a lower pressure set by the regulator. At present, many waveguide dehydrators on the market have built-in electronic timing and humidity monitoring systems, which can detect some unexpected problems of waveguide dehydrators at the fastest speed, that is, the problem caused by insufficient storage of dry air. Based on Ray's research, the operator can deliberately introduce a small amount of air to ensure that the air in the waveguide system is replaced regularly as needed to maximize the benefits of the waveguide dehydrator.

 

Kungani Waveguide Dehydrator ibalulekile?

 

Because the particles in the waveguide will cause reflection and signal loss or attenuation, the dehydrator can keep a clean, dry, and particle-free environment in the waveguide, and let the airflow in the feed pipe, so as to prevent the antenna SWR from being too high or wire short-circuited caused by humidity. Therefore, the waveguide dehydrator plays an important role in most communication applications.

 

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Electrical Control Panel Part

 

In the electrical control panels part, 6 primary equipment is included, and they are (click to visit):

 

1. Knife Switch
2. Imitha kagesi
3. Power and Energy Monitoring Meter
4. I-Device Protection Device
5. I-circuit breaker
6. Isilawuli Esihlelekile se-Logic

 

1. Knife Switch

 

 

*A Two-pole Knife Switch

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Knife Switch ukusebenza?

 

A knife switch (also known as knife switch or disconnector) is a kind of switch with moving contact -- knife switch, which is wedged (or separated) with the fixed contact -- knife holder on the base to connect (or disconnect) the circuit. A knife switch is one of the most simple and widely used low-voltage electrical appliances in manual control apparatus. It is generally used in AC and DC low-voltage (no more than 500V) circuits that do not need to be fmuser.-net cut off and closed frequently. Under the rated voltage, its working current cannot exceed the rated value fmuser.-net. In the machine tool, the knife switch is mainly used as a power switch, it is generally not used to turn on or cut off the working current of the motor. The commonly used knife switches are HD type single throw knife switch, HS type double throw knife switch (knife switch), HR type fuse knife switch, HZ type combination switch, HK type knife switch, HY type reverse switch, and HH type iron case switch, etc, says Ray-fmuser.

 

Kungani Knife Switch ibalulekile?

 

1. The knife switch isolates the power supply to ensure the safety of circuit and equipment maintenance or as infrequently connecting and breaking the load below the rated current.
2. The knife switch breaks the load, such as infrequently connecting and breaking the low-voltage circuit with small capacity or directly starting the small capacity motor.
3. When the knife switch is in the off position, it can be obviously observed, which can ensure the safety of the circuit maintenance personnel.

 

The knife switch isolating the power supply is also called the disconnecting switch. Knife switch for isolation is generally a no-load on-off device, which can only make or break "negligible current" (refers to the capacitive current of the bus with voltage, short cable, or voltage transformer). Some knife switches have certain on-off capabilities. When their on-off capability is suitable for the required on-off current, they can turn on or off part of electrical equipment fmuser-net or complete equipment under non-fault conditions. The knife switch used as the disconnector must meet the isolation function, that is, the switch fracture is obvious, and the fracture distance is qualified. During the maintenance of electrical equipment, it is necessary to cut off the power supply to make it separate from the live part, and maintain an effective isolation distance. What Ray found: It is required that the withstand voltage level of overvoltage can be withstood between the split sections. As Ray says. the knife switch is used as a switching device to isolate the power supply.

 

Knife switch and fuse are connected in series to form a unit, which is called knife switch fuse group or disconnecting switch fuse group; when the movable part (moving contact) of knife switch is composed of fuse carrying parts with fuse link, it is called fuse knife switch or fuse disconnecting switch fmuser. net. The switch fuse is combined with auxiliary components, such as operating lever, spring, arc knife, etc. The load switch has the ability to turn on or off the load current under non-fault conditions and has a certain short-circuit protection function.

2. Electricity Meter

 

 

*A Traditional Electricity Meter

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Imitha kagesi ukusebenza?

 

An electricity meter (also known as an electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, or energy meter) is a device to measure the electrical energy consumed by residential, business, or electric equipment fmuser-net. Electricity meters are divided into digital meters and analog meters. The installation and final billing of electricity meters are usually for power companies. The staff of power companies will install electricity meters where they need to use electricity meters, and periodically monitor and charge the users through the parameters on the meters. When your home gets electricity from a wire, a set of pinions in the meter moves. The revolution is recorded by the dial you see when you look at the meter fmuser.-net. The rotational speed is determined by the consumed power. The working principle of some other energy measuring devices, says Ray, are similar to electric meters, such as gas meters, is to measure the force of moving gas in the pipeline. With the increase of gas flow, the dial rotates faster, which means more gas is used. It is worth noting that electricity reading is often in kWh and whether it is a digital meter or an analog meter, the kWh of electricity consumed displayed on the display will not be reset. When the staff of the power company read the electricity consumed in the current month (week) displayed on the meter, they only need to subtract the number from the end of the month to calculate the bill amount of each household and charge.

 

Kungani Imitha kagesi ibalulekile?

 

You may not pay special attention to the changes of parameters on the meter, but you should know how to observe the numbers displayed on the meter panel, so that you can monitor how much energy you use in each month or week compared with the previous month or week, and check the bill amount you are required to pay by the power company and calculate by yourself through some simple calculations The difference between the actual amount of the bill, to ensure that do not spend unnecessary money.

 

Although the types of electricity meters on the market are not uniform at present, there are many advantages of using digital electricity meters for both power consumers and power energy suppliers. For consumers, the electricity price in the period of strong demand (6:00 p.m - 11:00 p.m) is often lower than that in the period of low demand (0:00 a.m - 7:00 p.m) a. If you use the traditional automatic meter reading (AMR), you will spend more on the electricity bill, because AMR will track your electricity consumption and the power company will charge you electricity based on the average price of the previous cycle fmuser.-net. The use of digital meters can accurately monitor the power consumption so that your power energy supplier can determine the specific number of electricity you use, and also determine when you use the electricity, so as to avoid unnecessary electricity bill expenses. For power energy suppliers, the use of smart meters is convenient for their staff. Instead of counting the electric power consumed by each household,  they can directly read the parameters on the meter panel through remote communication, which greatly reduces the operation cost and labor cost of power companies.

3. Power Monitoring and Control Equipment

 

 

*Window Type Current Transformer 

 

I I-Transformer yamanje ukusebenza?

 

Current transformer (CT) is a kind of instrument transformer, which can convert high voltage current to low voltage current, that is, convert current from higher value to proportional current and then to lower value. According to its functional architecture, current transformers can be divided into a bar type, wound type, and window type. According to its nature, CT can be divided into two types: protective current transformers and measuring current transformers fmuser- net. Among them, protective current transformers are responsible for measuring current, energy, and power (used together with other measuring equipment), while measuring current transformers are used together with a trip coil, relay, and other protective equipment.

 

Kungani the Current Transformer ibalulekile?

 

The current transformer is one of the important elements of the power system, which is widely used in the measurement and monitoring of high current and high voltage. By using a standard ammeter, the current flowing in the AC transmission line can be safely monitored. For example, the current transformer can be used as the core driver of many large commercial and industrial power meters. As Ray says, current transformers are also used to provide current proportional to power to these devices and to isolate the measuring instruments from high voltage circuits.

4. Surge Protection Device

 

 

*Surge Protection Device

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-Device Protection Device ukusebenza?

 

Surge protection equipment (SPD), formerly known as transient voltage surge suppressor (TVSS) or secondary surge suppressor (SSA), is the most commonly used and effective type of overvoltage protection, which is designed to prevent voltage spikes fmuser .net or "transients" from damaging electronic equipment, which is usually connected in parallel on the power supply circuit of load. As an important part of the electrical installation protection system, when transient voltage (such as a lightning strike or power line damage) appears suddenly on the protection circuit, SPD limits the transient voltage and transfers the current back to its source or ground. When the voltage reaches a certain point, the surge protector can simply redistribute additional energy by virtue of the function of a pressure-sensitive valve in essence. With the correct voltage, the current will flow normally. Surge protection equipment fmuser -net can also be used at all levels of the power network, SPD is in a high impedance state under normal operating voltage and does not affect the system. When transient voltage occurs on the circuit, SPD enters the on the state (or low impedance) and transfers the surge current back to its source or ground. This will limit the voltage or clamp to a safer level. After transient transfer, SPD will reset to its high impedance state automatically.

 

One should compare different available devices once identifying the power distribution system to which the SPD is to be connected, 5 things need to be taken into consideration:

 

• Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage (MCOV).
• Voltage Protection Rating (VPR) or Voltage Protection Level (Up).
• Nominal Discharge Current (In) Rating.
• Indication Status.
• Surge Current Capacity or Maximum Surge Rating.

 

Kungani I-Device Protection Device ibalulekile?

 

Surge protection device (SPD) can prevent machine shutdown, improve the system and data reliability and eliminate equipment damage caused by transient and surge of power and signal lines. The surge may be generated from outside, such as the generation of lightning or the internal generation of electrical load conversion. The sources of these internal surges (65 percent of all transients) can include open and closed loads, operation of relays or circuit breakers, heating systems, motors, and office equipment, as Ray considers.

 

Surge protection device (SPD) is applicable to almost any facility in the industry, commerce, and residence, and the following are some typical surge protection equipment applications:

 

Communication circuit, alarm signal circuit, home appliances, PLC distribution, standby power supply, UPS, equipment monitoring, critical load (under 1000 Volts), medical equipment and HVAC equipment, etc

 

According to national electrical regulations (NEC) and ANSI / UL 1449, SPD is specified as follows:

 

• Type 1: Permanent Connection

It is designed to be installed between the secondary of the service transformer and the line side of the service disconnect overcurrent equipment (service equipment). Their main purpose is to protect the insulation level of the electrical system to prevent external surges caused by lightning or switching of the common capacitor banks.

• Type 2: Permanent Connection

It is designed to be installed on the load side of the service disconnected over current equipment (service equipment), including the location of the brand panel. Their main purpose is to protect sensitive electronic equipment and microprocessor-based loads from the impact of residual lightning energy, motor-generated surge, and other internal surge events.

• Type 3: SPD Connection

Using point SPD installed at a minimum conductor length of 10 m (30 feet) from the electrical service panel to the point of use. Examples include cable connections, direct plug-in, and socket type surge protection devices

5. I-Circuit Breaker

 

 

*Electric Mini Circuit Breaker

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-circuit breaker ukusebenza?

 

The circuit breaker is essentially a reset fuse. Inside each circuit breaker is a spring hooked on a small piece of solder (a fusible alloy). Each circuit breaker is connected to a wire running through the house. The current flows through the house through the solder. The circuit breaker will not trip and the solder will melt when the connected wiring is in danger of overheating. As long as the current jumps above the safe level, fmuser-net the circuit can be cut off to avoid overheating, melting, and potential fire. Different from the fuse that can only be operated once and must be replaced, the circuit breaker can be reset automatically fmuser.-net or manually after the alloy is cooled to resume normal operation. The manufacturing process of circuit breakers makes them well used in circuit devices of various sizes, such as single household appliances or urban high-voltage power supply circuits. Circuit breakers may be more effective than safety switches, but they are not switches. As Ray says, the circuit breaker and safety switches are not interchangeable. Therefore, it is not recommended to use circuit breakers as switches.

 

Kungani I-circuit breaker ibalulekile?

 

A circuit breaker is a safety device that prevents damage to the motor and wires when the current flowing through the circuit exceeds its design limit. This is achieved by removing current from the circuit in the event of an unsafe condition. Unlike the switch, the circuit breaker automatically performs this operation and turns off the power immediately, or turns off the power immediately. In this way, it can be used as an automatic service protection device against fire and electric shock.

6. Programmable Logic Controller

 

 

*Programmable Logic Controller Device

 

I Isilawuli Esihlelekile se-Logic ukusebenza?

Programmable logic controller (PLC) is a kind of industrial automation solid-state general control electronic equipment, and it is a flexible and powerful control solution, which is suitable for almost all applications. Common PLC includes CPU, analog input, analog output, and DC output fmuser.-net. In practical application, PLC can be understood as a kind of digital computer. Its function is to make decisions based on logic fmuser.-net for the whole automatic production process, control industrial machines, monitor the inputs from pressure sensors, temperature sensors, limit switches, auxiliary contacts, and pilot devices, and then connect them from the connected sensors or input devices Receive the signal, process the data, and trigger the output according to the pre-programmed parameters.

 

The general components of PLC include:

 

• I-HMI – in order to interact with PLC in real-time, users need HMI or a human-machine interface. These operator interfaces can be simple displays with text readers and keyboards, or large touch-screen panels more similar to consumer electronics, but either way, as Ray says, they allow users to view the information in real-time and input it into the PLC.
• Ukuxhumana – in addition to the input and output devices, the PLC may need to be connected to other types of systems. For example, a user may want to export application data recorded by a PLC to a monitoring and data acquisition (SCADA) system that monitors multiple connected devices fmuser-.net. PLC provides a series of ports and communication protocols to ensure that PLC can communicate with these other systems.
• Idivayisi yokuhlela – used to input programs into the memory of the processor.
• Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi – Although most PLCs operate at 24 VDC or 220 VAC, some have isolated power supply.
• CPU – check the PLC regularly to prevent errors and perform functions such as arithmetic and logic operations.
• Memory – system ROM permanently stores fixed data used by CPU, while RAM stores input and output device information, timer value, counter, and other internal devices.
• I / O Section – an input section that tracks field devices such as switches and sensors.
• O / P Part – this part provides output control for pumps, solenoids, lamps, and motors.

 

Kungani the Programmable Logic Controller ibalulekile?

 

Five things to understand when programming PLC：

 

• Understand how programs and I / O scans work
• Learn how to handle I / O
• Understanding internal memory addressing
• Familiar with instruction set (ladder diagram)
• Familiar with programming software (create a project, add logic, download to the controller, monitor online and edit online)

 

According to the input and output, PLC can monitor and record the running data, such as the productivity or working temperature of the machine, automatically start and stop the process, and generate alarms when the machine fails.

 

In short, PLC is the modular "brain" of the automation process, which you can plug into various settings. They are robust and can withstand harsh conditions such as high temperature, cold, dust, and extreme humidity .fmuser.-net, but also their programming language is easy to understand, so they can be programmed easily. In the case of switching under load, fmuser.-net the relay will cause a high-temperature arc between the contacts, which will make the contacts in the relay degenerate due to closing, and eventually lead to equipment failure. Replacing the relay with a PLC helps to prevent overheating of the contacts.

 

The programmable controller has become the main automation method in many industries and applications, which can provide accurate, reliable, and easy to modify control. In addition to discrete and procedural functions, Ray also finds that the controller can perform complex tasks such as motion, data logging, web server access, and e-mail.

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Peripheral Supporting Part

In the peripheral part, 9 equipment is included, and they are (click to visit):

 

• I-air conditioner
• Ibhokisi Lokuhlanganisa Kagesi
• Ukukhanya Okuphuthumayo
• Iwashi
• Ikhamela yokuhlola
• I-Thermometer yasendlini
• Digital Humidity Meter
• Isicishamlilo
• Fan Exhaust

 

The equipment in the peripheral supporting part is used to display the condition of the rack room and optimize the better working environment for the broadcast equipment in a radio rack room fmuser.-net, including providing cool and dry air, fire extinguishing, etc. 

1. I-Air Conditioner

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani I-air conditioner ukusebenza?

For the radio room, air conditioning is an essential cooling tool. Some radio equipment, such as high-power FM radio transmitter, will inevitably heat up when it runs for a long time. The cold air from the air conditioning can well control the whole temperature of the room, cool down the radio equipment, and avoid unnecessary machine failure caused by too high temperature, says Ray.

2. Electrical Junction Box

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Ibhokisi Lokuhlanganisa Kagesi ukusebenza?

 

The junction box is a device that uses a metal or plastic shell as the common junction point of the branch circuit, which can accommodate and safely protect the electrical connection of the structure from the damage caused by some natural affections such as corrosive elements or environment, as well as humanistic malicious or unintentional tampering fmuser.-net. The junction box is also an important part of the transmission system in the transmitter room of the radio station, and these electrical shells are usually used to protect the electrical connection of the structure. According to FMUSERRay's searches, there are two sizes: a three-wire box with a size of 2 inches by 3 inches and a depth of 2.5 inches, and a box with five or more wires with a size of 2 inches by 3 inches and a depth of 3.5 inches.

3. Emergency Light

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Ukukhanya Okuphuthumayo ukusebenza?

 

Emergency lighting refers to the light source device with an independent battery power supply which is started in case of loss of external power (such as power failure, fire, etc.). In non-emergency situations, emergency lighting will automatically charge. Though the brightness of the emergency lighting light source is only 19% to 21% of the typical light source brightness fmuser.-net, it extends the Sustainable Lighting duration of emergency lighting. Emergency lighting can help the maintenance personnel evacuate safely from the emergency as fast as possible.

4. Clock

 

 

How does a Clock work?

 

The Clock generally refers to any periodic system used to measure, verify, hold, and indicate the time of the equipment. Generally, the clock has a minute and a second. The clock takes minutes as the smallest scale unit and takes every 12 hours as a cycle fmuser.-net. The clock is also one of the indispensable pieces of equipment in the equipment list of the radio room, which can help the equipment maintenance personnel set the equipment according to the specific time.

5. Ikhamela yokuhlola

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Ikhamela yokuhlola ukusebenza?

 

The monitoring camera is actually a part of closed-circuit monitoring. For the radio station, the operation status of the equipment in the rack room needs a clear and real-time system for remote monitoring. In this way, we can not only understand the real-time operation status of the broadcasting equipment, but also facilitate data observation and information collection fmuser.-net, but also make a timely response when the equipment in the rack room breaks into unexpected conditions. The maintenance personnel in the computer room no longer need to run back and forth when the equipment in the rack room goes wrong, which saves the labor cost and improves the work efficiency of the equipment, says Ray.

 

A general closed-circuit monitoring system consists of the following elements

 

• Ukuqapha
• I-Recorder Video Recorder
• movie camera
• Cable

6. Indoor-Outdoor Thermometer

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Indoor-Outdoor Thermometer ukusebenza?

 

An indoor and outdoor thermometer is a kind of thermometer that can provide real-time indoor and outdoor temperature. It allows you to measure the external temperature without going out of a confined space. Of course, it needs a remote sensing device to measure it. In addition to measuring the outdoor temperature, it can also measure the internal temperature, humidity, or air pressure of the confined space. The indoor and outdoor thermometer is especially suitable for use in extreme weather conditions fmuser.-net. For radio stations, the purchase of an indoor and outdoor thermometer can help the maintenance personnel of the computer room to determine whether the internal conditions of the computer room are suitable for the operation of the equipment and make timely adjustments because some invisible atmospheric parameters (such as air humidity and temperature) are too high or too low, which will directly affect the operation of those broadcasting equipment bought at a high price or even guide the operation of the equipment damage to core components, says Ray.

7. Fire Extinguisher

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Isicishamlilo ukusebenza?

 

The fire extinguisher is a kind of portable equipment that can extinguish the flame caused by the combustion of various combustible materials by discharging non-combustible materials (such as water, carbon dioxide, etc.) A common fire extinguisher is a hand-held cylindrical pressure vessel. You just need to pull out the pull ring, hold the nozzle fmuser-.net, and aim at the combustibles to put out the fire. For the room of the radio station, a fire extinguisher is necessary. Timely fire fighting can minimize the loss. After all, no one wants to burn down the millions of broadcasting equipment in one fire.

 

• Foam Fire Extinguisher
• Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher
• Cleaner Fire Extinguisher
• Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguisher
• Water Mist Fire Extinguisher
• Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher

8. Exhaust Fan

 

 

Kwenzeka kanjani Fan Exhaust ukusebenza?

 

An exhaust fan refers to a kind of equipment used to exhaust harmful substances (such as excess water, pungent smell, toxic smoke, etc.) in the indoor air to the outdoor by extraction. In the machine room of the radio station, some equipment will inevitably run abnormally due to too many impurities in the air, especially moisture fmuser.-net. A professional radio room should have a very dry, ventilated, cool environment for the broadcast equipment, and the exhaust fan plays such a role to provide the equipment a dry, ventilated and clean environment.

---

Cable Connection Part 

In the peripheral part, 6 equipment is included, and they are:

 

• Ikhebula lomsindo
• Ikhebula le-USB
• RS-232/486 Control Line
• Power Plug-in
• Network CableEquipment Label

 

Different broadcast equipment shares different interfaces, so different connecting wires are needed, fmuser.-net, for example, a USB cable needs to connect with a USB interface, and a radio transmitter needs to use an RS232/486 control line to connect with the power supply fmuser.-net. The connecting wire is one of the most inconspicuous peripheral auxiliary devices. But, without these connecting wires, those expensive broadcast devices can not start and operate normally, says Ray.

 

1. Ikhebula Lomsindo

The audio cable is used to ensure the input and output of the audio signal

2. USB Cable

The USB cable is used to connect the device that needs to be connected to the computer.

3. RS232/486 Control Line

At present, all communication interfaces commonly used for remote detection and control in the radio room.

4. Power Plug-in

The power plug-in is used to connect the equipment with the power supply.

5. Network Cable

The network cable is used to connect the devices that need to be connected to the network

---

Backup Supporting Part

 

 

In the backup supporting part, 6 equipment is included, and they are:

 

• Equipment Label
• Indoor Ladder
• Maintenance Toolbox
• Operation Recording Manual
• Duty Record
• Ukushintshwa Kwezisetshenziswa
• Isitholi Somsakazo

 

Before the maintenance personnel repairs the equipment in the broadcasting room, they often need some repair equipment, such as an aluminum alloy ladder, repair kit, replacement parts, etc fmuser.-net. After the maintenance personnel completes the equipment maintenance of the broadcasting room, they need to record the equipment data. At this time, they need to use pamphlets such as the maintenance record manual, which can record the real-time status of the broadcasting equipment, says Ray. To test the operation status of the broadcasting equipment, they need to use broadcasting receiving equipment such as radio. The following equipment list can provide a reference for you, if you need more professional guidance, please xhumana ne-FMUSER!

 

1. Equipment Label

The equipment label is used to label the equipment for data recording.

2. Indoor Ladder

When the maintenance personnel of the machine room need a broader maintenance vision or can not reach a certain part of the tall machine, they can use the ladder.

3. Maintenance Toolbox (Screwdriver, Wrench, Universal Watch, etc.)

Every maintenance personnel needs to carry a complete set of machine room equipment maintenance kits. When the machine has unexpected faults, the maintenance tools in the kit can effectively help maintenance personnel to repair the machine.

4. Equipment Operation Recording Manual

It is used to record the working state of the machine before and after maintenance can help the maintenance personnel to quickly determine whether the machine is working normally and whether the working parameters need to be adjusted. At the same time, it can also improve the fault tolerance rate when the machine is overhauled again in the future.

5. Duty Record

It is used to record the person in charge of equipment maintenance, which is convenient for tracing responsibility.

6. Spare Parts for Equipment Replacement

Broadcasting equipment is a highly precise instrument, in which there are many necessary parts of different sizes. When the equipment fails, it is necessary to have spare parts immediately for the replacement of damaged parts, so as to ensure the operation of the equipment.

7. Radio Receiver

A device used to receive radio signals from a radio station and convert them into radio programs

Njll...

We're the Expert for Building Your Radio Station

 

This list of necessary broadcasting equipment for a typical radio station is the most detailed, though not the most complete. For any radio station, the radio transmitter, transmitting antenna, and other professional broadcasting equipment determine the program quality of the radio station. The excellent broadcasting room equipment can provide your radio station with excellent sound quality input and output so that your broadcast and your program audience are really connected together. For FMUSER, ensuring a better experience for the radio audience is also one of our missions. We have the most complete turnkey radio station solution and decades of experience in radio equipment production and manufacturing. We can provide you with professional advice and online technical support to build a personalized and high-quality radio station. XHUMANA NATHI and let us help you build your radio station dream!

 

Ukwabelana Kuyanakekela!

▲Buyela Kokuqukethwe▲

"This post was first edited by Ray Chan, who is one of the seasoned senior employees of Fmuser and an expert in Google search engine optimization. He is dedicated to creating clear, no-fuss reading content for radio amateurs and professional customers who need radio station equipment. When he's not writing or researching, he loves playing basketball and book reading"