I-CB Radio vs HAM vs Walkie Talkie vs GMRS

Ivumele ukuthi kube Imisakazo ye-CB, i-HAMS, i-Walkie talkies, noma i-GMRS, ziyizinketho ezinhle zamafoni. Ingabe ufuna ukuhlala uxhumekile nomndeni wakho nabangane kuyilapho opharetha engakukhokhisi izindleko? Nokho, lezi yizinto okudingeka ukhethe kuzo.

Noma kunjalo, yikuphi okufanele kube ukukhetha kwakho phakathi kwalawa ma-gizmos angu-4? Nokho, kule CB Radio vs HAM vs Walkie Talkie Vs GMRS, sizokhuluma ngawo wonke umehluko. Ngale ndlela, ungasetha izinto eziza kuqala zakho ngendlela efanele.

Isifinyezo Esisheshayo

Empeleni siqongelele zonke izinzuzo kanye nezithiyo zezinhlelo zomsakazo ezi-4 ezinezindlela ezimbili zalezo ezisebenza isikhashana ngokushesha. Ithebula elingezansi kufanele likusize wenze isinqumo unolwazi.

Noma kunjalo, uma ungasheshi, kungcono kakhulu ukuthi udlule esigabeni sengxoxo enemininingwane kamuva.

Yikuphi Okufanele Ukhethe?

Uma ucabanga ukuhamba ngezinyawo, futhi ungahlosile ukuthwala isikhwama esisindayo ngemuva kwalokho i-walkie-talkie izokusebenzela kangcono kakhulu. Kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlale uxhumene nabangani kanye nomndeni wakho, ngaphandle kokuthi nabo banesiqephu esengeziwe se-walkie-talkie.

Nokho, khumbula ukuthi i-walkie-talkies ayinalo uhla olukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zabo ziyavinjwa uma kukhona noma yiluphi uhlobo lwamagquma noma amagquma ngezindlela. Nokho, banokuphatheka okwesabekayo.

Uma uzokhempa, zama i-GMRS noma umsakazo we-CB. Bathole izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle futhi bathuthukisa kakhulu ukuphuma kwamalungu omndeni wakho.

Kodwa-ke, uma uzilungiselela ezinye izimo zokuphela komhlaba, awusoze wenze iphutha ngemisakazo ye-HAM. Qaphela, nokho. Angakunikeza indawo encane yokuthola, futhi uzodinga isitifiketi ukuze usisebenzise. Kodwa uma usukwazi kahle, uzothola ukuthi imisakazo ye-HAM ingahlaba umxhwele kangakanani.

Umsakazo we-CB

Ukwanelisa intshonalanga engasentshonalanga yezixazululo zomsakazo, iCitizens Band Radio Services, ebizwa ngokuthi imisakazo ye-CB engcono kakhulu. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa abashayeli bamaloli, umsakazo CB has 40 iziteshi ukunikela.

Nakuba ngokuvamile behlotshaniswa nabashayeli bamaloli, abantu abaningi baye balisebenzisa kahle leli thuluzi eliwusizo. Imisakazo ye-CB ikusiza ngezibuyekezo zethrafikhi zewebhusayithi ezingaguquki, futhi ikugcina uthintana nolwazi lwakamuva kakhulu. Futhi uma isimo sikudinga, izinsiza zomsakazo we-CB zizokusiza ukuthi ukhulume nezimo eziphuthumayo zendawo.

Okukhangayo nakakhulu mayelana nomsakazo we-CB amanani awo. Naphezu kweqoqo layo elimangalisayo lezimfanelo ezijabulisayo, imisakazo ye-CB ayibizi kangako. Eqinisweni, ungathola imisakazo embalwa ehamba phambili ye-CB ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali engaphezu kwekhulu.

Izidingo Ezisemthethweni

Awudingi ukukhathazeka ngezimfuno eziningi zomthetho uma zithinta imisakazo ye-CB; umane nje umbhangqwana uyokwenza.

Ngokusho kwe-Federal Communications Payment (FCC), awukwazi ukuthwala i-Citizens Band Radio uma uyisikhulu sikahulumeni wangaphandle. Ukwengeza, uma ucabanga ukuxhumana nanoma yimuphi umuntu phesheya kwezilwandle ngomsakazo we-CB, kungcono kakhulu ukuzinikela kuleso siphakamiso. Imithetho ye-FCC iyakwenqabela noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxhumana phesheya.

bands

Umsakazo we-CB uneziteshi ezingama-40. Futhi ungasebenzisa ngayinye yalezi ziteshi kuzo zombili i-AM noma i-Single Sideband Mode (SSB).

Ukuze wenze ukusebenzisana kuthembeke nakakhulu futhi kuhluke, imodi ye-SSB ihlukaniswa khona kanye kumamodi amabili ahlukene: ukulungiselelwa kwebhendi eseceleni encishisiwe (LSB) kanye nemodi yebhendi eseceleni ephezulu (i-USB). Ngale ndlela, ungakhetha ukuthi yisiphi isiteshi ofuna ukusisebenzisela ukuvikeleka okukhulu.

Ngenkathi imisakazo ye-SSB CB inezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu, ikubuyisela emuva ngaphezu kokulingana kwayo ne-AM. Noma kunjalo, imisakazo ye-SSB CB inganikeza ukwethembeka okwengeziwe esimweni sezulu esingesihle ngohlelo olufakiwe.

Ibanga

Izinhlobonhlobo zomsakazo wakho zizohluka kuye ngemodeli yakho. Nokho, ngokuvamile, inguqulo yesisekelo kufanele isebenzise ibanga ukusuka kumamayela ayishumi kuye kwangamashumi amahlanu, kuyilapho imiklamo ephathwayo ingasebenza cishe ngamamayela angu-7 ukuya kwangu-10.

Okokugcina, izinguqulo eziphathwayo zinikeza ububanzi obuphansi kakhulu. Banendawo yokusakaza esuka kumamayela amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu. Nokho, lawa manani angahluka ngokuya ngendawo ezungeze ikhasimende.

Imisakazo ye-HAM

Ingulube yinkundla yezokuxhumana yezinsuku zomsakazo. Emuva lapho abantu babengenayo iwebhu noma izingosi zenkundla yezokuxhumana, babehlanganisa le nkundla. Ukwengeza okubizwa ngokuthi Abahlinzeki bomsakazo we-Amateur, umsakazo we-HAM wasebenzisa ukuba futhi usewukuzilibazisa kwabantu abaningi.

Ngisho nangemva kokuqanjwa kabusha kobuchwepheshe, umsakazo we-HAM awukabuyeli emuva. Ungakwazi ukuxhumana nomsebenzisi le-walkie-talkie ngekhompyutha yethebhulethi noma isistimu yekhompyutha ukuze uthumele futhi wamukele ulwazi.

Ngakho-ke, ungabuza: kungani abantu beyibiza ngezinsizakalo zomsakazo ezisafunda? Hhayi-ke, iqiniso elithokozisayo elimayelana nomsakazo we-HAM, i-ateur ayiphakamisi abaqalayo noma abasaqalayo. Kunalokho, empeleni ichaza ukusetshenziswa okungekona okokuthengisa imisakazo ye-HAM eyaziwa ngakho.

Izidingo Zomthetho

Ngohlu olukhulu lwezici, imisakazo ye-HAM kufanele isebenzise, ​​kunengqondo ukuthi ungadinga ikhono elithile ukuze usebenzise la mathuluzi anemininingwane. Uma kungenjalo, uzomane udale iziphazamiso futhi uzimoshe ngokwakho kanye nabanye.

Ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi lokho akwenzeki, i-Federal Communications Commission (FCC) idinga ukuthi uthole imvume yokusebenzisa umenzi.

Kubheke ngale ndlela; kufana nelayisensi yokushayela imoto. Njengokuthi ubungeke ufune ukuthi noma ngubani ashayele imoto neloli ngaphandle kwelayisensi, yindlela efanayo nemisakazo ye-HAM.

bands

Abadlali abaningi bamageyimu basebenzisa i-VHF (imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu) njengolayini wabo wesixhumanisi ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokuncipha kokuba sengozini kokuma ku-static kusuka ezintweni zikagesi ezisemngceleni. Noma kunjalo, ungasebenzisa umsakazo we-HAM ebhendi ye-HF kanye nebhendi ye-UHF futhi.

Okunhlobonhlobo

Imisakazo ye-HAM iqondwa kangcono ngezinhlobonhlobo zayo. Amadivayisi anamandla. Noma kunjalo, imodeli ephathekayo evamile ingama-watts amahlanu, kanti eselula isukela kumawathi ayishumi kuya kwayikhulu. Ngokuphambene, iziteshi zenyama yengulube zinamawathi acishe abe ngu-100 kuye kwangama-200.

Uma sekushiwo, ungakhuphula amandla omsakazo wakho we-ham ngama-watts angaphezu kwenkulungwane ngokufaka ama-amplifiers. Ukwengeza, ungafaka ama-antenna ukuze ukwandise ukuhlukahluka kwawo, hhayi ukuthi uzowadinga njalo. Kodwa kungase kube mnandi ukuhlola ngamathuluzi akho.

I-Walkie Talkie

Ngaphezu kokubukeka kwabo okukhethekile kodwa okujabulisayo, ama-walkie-talkies anezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezisebenzayo. Endaweni elinganiselwe lapho amasevisi eselula engatholakali khona, yilapho ama-walkie-talkies asakaza khona. Kulula ukuzisebenzisa, kuyajabulisa ukuba nazo, futhi ziwusizo kakhulu uma uthatha ilambu lohambo.

Enye inzuzo eyengeziwe ye-walkie-talkie ukuthi ungakwazi ukunikeza ingane yakho ukuthi uhlale uthintana nayo noma nini uma unayo. Futhi bazojabula ngalesi sipho esihle kakhulu.

Izidingo Zomthetho

Njengoba i-walkie-talkies kuyisevisi yomuntu siqu yomsakazo engancikile emibhoshongweni yokudlulisela noma into efanayo, i-FCC ayidingi abasebenzisi ukuthi babe nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemvume ukuze basebenzise i-walkie-talkie.

Noma kunjalo, udinga ukuxhumana nabaphathi bendawo ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi ucacile ngokusebenzisa i-walkie-talkie endaweni yabo.

bands

Iningi lewebhusayithi ye-walkie-talkie likubhendi ye-UHF (Ultra High Frequency). Ngokuvamile baphequlula endaweni engu-400-500 MHz yebhendi ye-UHF.

Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinguqulo zisefa ibhendi ye-MHz. Izinombolo zezinye izisetshenziswa zokuxhumana zisebenzisa le bhendi futhi, njengezibonisi zezingane, amafoni angenazintambo, nokunye okuningi.

Ibanga

Sekukonke, i-walkie-talkies idlulisa isuka kugajethi eyodwa iye kweyengeziwe. Ibanga elikhulu kakhulu ongalidlulisela kulo lingamamayela ambalwa noma ngaphezulu kancane.

GMRS

I-GMRS iyiplanethi emhlabeni we-walkie-talkie. Ngokuthuthukiswa komsakazo we-GMRS, abantu bashintsha ngokushesha ukukhetha kwabo kusuka kumisakazo ye-CB kuya ku-GMRS. Ngenxa yekhwalithi ephezulu yomsindo ongcono kakhulu nokuhlelwa okungcono kakhulu, i-GMRS, ebizwa nangokuthi i-MicroMobile, ilawula imakethe yomsakazo yezindlela ezimbili njengesishingishane.

Ama-Micro Mobiles awabizi kakhulu futhi. Kuya ngenani lamandla ohlela ukuwasebenzisa, ungathola iyunithi eyodwa ngamarandi ayikhulu kuya kwamabili namashumi amahlanu.

Izidingo Ezisemthethweni

Ungase udinge imvume evela kwa-FCC kuye ngenani lamandla ozowasebenzisa. Uma inguqulo yakho idlulisa amandla angaphezu kwama-watts amabili, uzodinga ukuthi ube nesitifiketi se-GMRS salokho.

Kuyonga kakhulu, ungathola ilayisense eyodwa ngamadola angamashumi ayisikhombisa, futhi kuzokukhava wena kanye namalungu omndeni wakho eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.

bands

Yini eyenza i-GMRS ibe nendawo enjalo engena-static? Kungenxa yokuthi isigebengu sisebenzisa, i-FM. Ngokungafani namagajethi asekelwe ku-AM, i-GMRS inikeza ukucaca okwengeziwe futhi isusa noma yiziphi izimo ezicindezelayo.

Ibanga

Inguqulo evamile ephathwa ngesandla ingacasha amamayela ambalwa. Futhi uma unomklamo one-antenna ephakeme, ungadlulisela kumamayela afika amahlanu. Ukwengeza, ungasebenzisa iziteshi eziphindaphindayo ukwandisa uchungechunge olusebenzayo lwegajethi yakho uma kudingeka.

amazwi okugcina

Lokho bekukuhle kakhulu mayelana ne-CB Radio Vs. I-HAM vs. U-Walkie Talkie Vs. GMRS. Nquma ukuthi kungani uhlose ukuyisebenzisa. Khona-ke, kuye ngokusetshenziswa kwakho, udinga ukucabangela uhlu lwayo, ukuthi amanethiwekhi ayo amatasatasa kangakanani, izimfanelo zawo, kanye nezinye izici ezihlukahlukene.

Ngalokhu cabanga, ukuthi uma kuyingxenye, vakashela imisakazo ye-HAM. Noma ungakhetha imisakazo ye-GMRS noma ye-CB. Futhi futhi uma ukuphatheka okufisayo, awusoze waphutha ngesethi yama-walkie-talkies!