I-RF Rigid Line & Izingxenye

Ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile uwuhlobo lolayini wokudlulisa wamagagasi oqondiswayo osetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-RF ezinemvamisa ephezulu ukudlulisa amasignali amaza omsakazo ngokulahleka okuphansi ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu kuya kwelinye. Iqukethe ipayipi lensimbi elingenalutho ngaphakathi kwelinye ipayipi lensimbi elingenalutho, womabili ane-coaxial symmetry, ne-dielectric material phakathi kwawo.

I-coaxial symmetry ye-rigid coaxial transmission line isho ukuthi umqhubi ophakathi nendawo uzungezwe ngokuphelele isivikelo sensimbi esiyicylindrical, esihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu ekuphazamisekeni kozibuthe kagesi. Lokhu kuvikela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isignali ayonakaliswa noma ihlanekezelwe ngesikhathi sokudlulisa.

Kunamagama afanayo ambalwa elayini yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile esetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:

1. Ulayini oqinile: Ulayini oqinile igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ulayini wokudlulisela oqinile onekhondatha yangaphandle eqinile kanye ne-air dielectric. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla aphezulu ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwayo okuphansi nokuthembeka okuphezulu.

2. Ulayini Oqinile: Ulayini oqinile elinye igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial onekhondatha yangaphandle eqinile. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga amandla aphezulu okubamba amandla kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphansi.

3. I-Waveguide: I-waveguide iwuhlobo lolayini wokudlulisela ngokujwayelekile osetshenziswa kumafrikhwensi aphezulu kunezintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission. Ama-Waveguides ane-cross-section engunxande futhi enziwe ngensimbi, ngokuvamile esebenzisa inhlanganisela yethusi nesiliva-plating.

4. Ikhebula le-coaxial: Ikhebula le-coaxial liwuhlobo lolayini wokudlulisa olufana nolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile, kodwa one-coaxial yangaphandle eguquguqukayo. Izintambo ezingama-coaxial zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zokuxhumana ze-RF ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo kanye nokufaka kalula.

Amanye amagama afanayo we-rigid coaxial transmission line afaka:

1. Intambo eqinile
2. Umugqa oqinile
3. Intambo ye-coaxial eqinile
4. Intambo ye-coaxial eqinile
5. I-hardline coax
6. I-coax eqinile
7. Ikhebula eliqinile
8. Ulayini wokudlulisela oqinile
9. I-waveguide eqinile
10. Intambo ye-RF eqinile

Ngokuvamile, igama elithi "rigid coaxial transmission line" libhekise ngqo kulayini wokudlulisela onokhondatha wangaphandle oqinile, ongaguquki. Amanye amagama afana ne-hardline kanye ne-waveguide angasetshenziswa ukuchaza imigqa yokudlulisela efanayo enezibaluli ezihlukene noma ukucupha.

Lapho isebenza, isignali yefrikhwensi yomsakazo isetshenziswa kukhondatha ophakathi nendawo, kanti ikhondukta yangaphandle isebenza njengendlela yokubuyisela amandla amanje. Impahla ye-dielectric phakathi kwalawa ma-conductor amabili isiza ukugcina ukuhlukana phakathi kwabo futhi inikeza ukufakwa okudingekile ukuvimbela isignali ukuthi ingafinyeleli phansi.

Ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile uwulayini wokudlulisa wekhwalithi ephezulu ngoba unokulahlekelwa okuphansi kanye nezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuqhathanisa ne-impedance ebangeni elibanzi lefrikhwensi. I-impedance ephezulu yentambo ye-coaxial ingumphumela webanga elincane phakathi kwamakhondaktha amabili, okusiza futhi ukunciphisa umphumela wemithombo yomsindo yangaphandle.

Ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile uvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-RF zokusakaza ngenxa yokuthi unikeza ukulahlekelwa okuphansi, amandla aphezulu okubamba amandla, kanye nokuphazamiseka okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zekhebula le-coaxial. Lokhu kuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-antenna zokusakaza zomsakazo.

Ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kubalulekile ngoba kuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla esignali ahlala ephakeme kumabanga amade, okuholela ekuhlanganiseni okuhle nokucaca. Amakhono aphezulu okubamba amandla abalulekile ngoba ukusakaza kudinga ukudlulisa amandla amakhulu ku-antenna, futhi intambo ye-coaxial eqinile ingaphatha lawa mazinga aphezulu wamandla ngokulahleka kwesignali okuncane.

Ukugxambukela okuncane kubalulekile ngoba amasiginali okusakaza angaba ngaphansi kokuphazamiseka okuvela emithonjeni yangaphandle, okuhlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kukagesi emishinini eseduze noma izimo zomkhathi ezibangela ukubonakaliswa kwesignali noma ukusakazeka. Ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wekhwalithi ephezulu uklanyelwe ukunciphisa lezi zinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kanye nokuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwesignali yekhwalithi ephezulu.

Kuhlelo oluchwepheshile lokusakaza i-antenna, ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wekhwalithi ephezulu ubalulekile ngoba usiza ukugcina ubuqotho nokuvumelana kwesiginali edluliswayo ebangeni elide. Noma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa kwesignali noma ukuwohloka kungase kubangele ukumbozwa okuncishisiwe, ukuncipha kokucaca, kanye nokusebenza kabi kukonke. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wekhwalithi ephezulu kungaqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwe-antenna yokusakaza ngomsakazo lusebenza ezingeni eliphezulu, luletha izimpawu ezithembekile nezicacile kubalaleli.

Idizayini yolayini we-coaxial transmission oqinile futhi yenza ukuthi iqine kakhulu futhi ikwazi ukumelana nezimo zemvelo ezinzima. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu nokuqina, ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile uvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinhlelo zokuxhumana ze-RF, okuhlanganisa ukusakaza, izinhlelo ze-radar, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi, nezinhlelo zokuxhumana zempi.

Imaphi amagama ajwayelekile elayini yokudlulisela i-coaxial eqinile?
Nawa amanye amagama abalulekile ahlobene nemigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF, kanye nezincazelo zokuthi la magama asho ukuthini.

1. Ububanzi Bangaphandle (OD): I-diameter yangaphandle isilinganiso sobubanzi bomqhubi wangaphandle womugqa wokudlulisela. Ngokuvamile isukela kumamilimitha ambalwa ukuya kumasentimitha ambalwa, kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza.

2. Ububanzi Bangaphakathi (ID): I-diameter yangaphakathi isilinganiso sobubanzi bomqhubi wangaphakathi womugqa wokudlulisela. I-ID ngokuvamile incane kakhulu kune-OD, futhi ivamise ukukalwa ngamamilimitha.

I-3. Ubude: Ubude bomugqa wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile yibanga phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili okuxhumana. Ubude buyinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho uklama isistimu, njengoba ithinta sonke isikhathi sokusakazeka kanye nokuncishiswa kwesignali.

4. I-Inner Conductor: Lona umqhubi wesikhungo somugqa wokudlulisa, ngokuvamile owenziwe ngethusi eliphezulu lokuhamba ngethusi noma ithusi elinesiliva. I-conductor yangaphakathi isebenza ukuthwala isignali kagesi ngobude bomugqa.

5. I-Outer Conductor: Lesi isivikelo sensimbi esiyicylindrical esizungeza i-conductor yangaphakathi. I-conductor yangaphandle isebenza ngokunikeza isivikelo ekuphazamiseni kazibuthe kagesi kanye nokubuyisela isignali kagesi emthonjeni wayo.

6. I-Dielectric Material: Impahla ye-dielectric iyimpahla yokuvikela esetshenziswa phakathi kwamakhondaktha angaphakathi nangaphandle, ngokuvamile enziwe nge-Teflon noma into efanayo. I-dielectric constant of the material inquma ukuvinjelwa komugqa.

7.Impedance: I-Impedans isilinganiso sokumelana nokugeleza kwamandla kagesi. Ukuthikamezeka komugqa oqinile we-coaxial transmission ngokuvamile ngu-50 Ohms noma 75 Ohms, futhi kunqunywa i-geometry kanye ne-dielectric constant kolayini.

8. Ibanga Lemvamisa: Ububanzi befrikhwensi ububanzi befrikhwensi lapho ulayini wokudlulisela ungadlulisa amasignali ngokulahlekelwa okuphansi. Lobu bubanzi bunqunywa ubukhulu nezici ezibonakalayo zomugqa.

9. Amandla Okuphatha: Amandla okubamba amandla olayini wokudlulisela asho izinga eliphezulu lamandla elingadluliswa ngolayini ngaphandle kokulimala kolayini noma ezinye izingxenye zesistimu. Leli nani linqunywa usayizi nempahla yomugqa.

10. Izindleko: Izindleko zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile zincike kakhulu kububanzi, ubude, uhlobo lwempahla, nezinye izici ezishiwo ngenhla. Ngokuvamile, imigqa emikhulu yobubanzi nobude obude kubiza kakhulu, njengoba kunjalo nemigqa eyenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

11. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio): I-VSWR isilinganiso sesilinganiso se-amplitude enkulu ukuya kubuncane be-amplitude yesiginali emugqeni wokudlulisela. Ibonisa ukuthi i-impedance yomugqa isondelene kangakanani nokuphazamiseka komthombo nomthwalo. Amanani e-VSWR angu-1.5 noma ngaphansi athathwa njengamahle ezinhlelweni eziningi.

12. Ukulahlekelwa Kokufaka: Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka inani lamandla esignali alahlekile lapho isignali idluliswa ngomugqa wokudlulisela. Ngokuvamile ikalwa ngama-decibel (dB) futhi ingathinteka ubude, usayizi, into, kanye nekhwalithi yomugqa. Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka okuphansi kuvamise ukufiseleka kumasistimu asebenza kahle kakhulu.

13. Isivinini Sokusakaza: Isivinini sokusakazeka isivinini lapho igagasi kazibuthe lihamba khona emugqeni wokudlulisela. Ivamise ukukalwa njengengxenye yejubane lokukhanya futhi iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwempahla ye-dielectric esetshenziswa emugqeni.

14. Usayizi we-Flange: Usayizi we-flange ubhekisela kusayizi we-flange ekhwezayo kunoma imuphi umkhawulo womugqa wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile. Lawa ma-flange ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukunamathisela ulayini wokudlulisela kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu, njengezimpondo noma izikhulisa-msindo. Ubukhulu kanye nesikhala sama-flange yizici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uklama uhlelo.

15. Izinga lokushisa: Izinga lokushisa lomugqa wokudlulisela lisho izinga lokushisa eliphakeme noma elincane ulayini ongasebenza kuwo ngokuphephile. Lesi silinganiso sinqunywa uhlobo lwento esetshenziswa emugqeni kanye nephoyinti layo lokuncibilika noma lokuqhekeka.

16. I-application Specific Terminology: Okokugcina, kukhona amanye amagama noma ukucaciswa okungahle kucace kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile. Isibonelo, izintambo ezithile zokudlulisela zingase zibe nokuma okuhlukile noma ukugoba, noma zingenziwa ngohlobo oluthile lwezinto ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zemvelo. Kubalulekile ukucabangela yonke imininingwane efanele kanye nezidingo zohlelo olunikeziwe lapho kukhethwa ulayini wokudlulisela.

17. Isivinini sesigaba: Isivinini sesigaba izinga lapho isigaba segagasi le-sinusoidal esibhebhetheka ngalo ngomugqa wokudlulisela. Ichazwa njengesilinganiso semvamisa yegagasi ukuya kubude begagasi, futhi incike ekungaguquguquki kwe-dielectric kanye nokungena kazibuthe kwezinto ezisetshenziswa emugqeni wokudlulisela.

18. Ukunciphisa: I-Attenuation ukuncishiswa kobude besiginali njengoba yehla emugqeni wokudlulisela. Kubangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokulahlekelwa kazibuthe kanye ne-dielectric, ukulahlekelwa okuphikisayo, nokulahlekelwa kwemisebe, phakathi kokunye. Inani lokunciphisa lincike kubuningi nobude bomugqa wokudlulisela, kanye nezinto ezisetshenzisiwe.

19. Isivinini Seqembu: Isivinini seqembu izinga imvilophu yephakethe lamagagasi esakaza ngalo ngomugqa wokudlulisela. Kunqunywa izici zokusabalalisa zezinto ezisetshenziswe kulayini. Isivinini seqembu sibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi ulwazi lungadluliselwa ngokushesha kangakanani ngolayini wokudlulisela.

20. Ukwehluka Kokulahlekelwa Kokufaka (ILV): I-ILV isilinganiso sokwehluka kokulahlekelwa kokufakwa kububanzi obunikiwe befrikhwensi. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nokuvumelana kokusebenza kolayini wokudlulisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene futhi ibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukudluliswa kwesignali okunembile.

21. Izilinganiso Zemvelo: Kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza, ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ungase udinge ukuhlangabezana nezilinganiso ezithile zemvelo, ezifana nezilinganiso zokuvikela ukungena ngaphakathi (IP) zokumelana namanzi nothuli, noma ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwemvelo (ESS) ukumelana nokudlidliza nokuhamba ngebhayisikili. Lezi zilinganiso zingathinta ukukhethwa kwezinto kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezisetshenziswa kulayini wokudlulisela.

22. Ikhithi Yokulinganisa: Ikhithi yokulinganisa isethi yamazinga okulinganisa asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa i-vector network analyzer (VNA) ukuze uthole izilinganiso ezinembile zokusebenza kolayini wokudlulisela. Ikhithi ingase ihlanganise izingxenye ezifana nesekhethi evulekile, isifunda esifushane, namazinga okuvimbela ukuze kuqinisekiswe izilinganiso ezinembile ze-VSWR, ukulahlekelwa kokufaka, namanye amapharamitha.

23. Ukuzinza Kwemvamisa: Ukuzinza kwefrikhwensi kusho ikhono lelayini yokudlulisela ukugcina izici zayo zokudlulisela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezihlukene. Izinto ezifana nezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, nomswakamo zingathinta ukuqina kokusebenza kolayini wokudlulisa, okwenza ukuzinza kwemvamisa kube ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinembayo.

24. Phase Shift: Ukushintsha kwesigaba kukala umehluko we-engeli yesigaba phakathi kwamasignali okokufaka nokuphumayo kolayini wokudlulisela. Kuthintwa izici ezifana nemvamisa, ubude, nezinto ezisetshenziswa kulayini.


25. Ukusebenza Kokuvikela: Ukusebenza kokuvikela kuyisilinganiso sekhono lekhondakta yangaphandle yolayini wokudlulisa ukuvikela ikhondukta yangaphakathi ekuphazamisekeni kozibuthe. Amazinga aphezulu okusebenza kahle kokuvikela ngokuvamile ayakhethwa, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezibucayi.

26. Uhlobo Lwesixhumanisi Esijwayelekile: Uhlobo lwesixhumi olujwayelekile wuhlobo olujwayelekile lwesixhumi olusetshenziselwa ukunamathisela ulayini wokudlulisela kwezinye izingxenye ohlelweni lokuxhumana lwe-RF. Izibonelo zezinhlobo zezixhumi ezijwayelekile zifaka i-SMA, BNC, nezixhumi zohlobo lwe-N.

27. I-Bend Radius: Irediyasi egobile iyiradiyasi encane ezindaweni lapho ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial ogobile. Leli nani libalulekile ukucatshangelwa lapho ufaka ulayini wokudlulisela, njengoba ukugoba ngokweqile kungabangela ukuwohloka ekusebenzeni.

28. Ukufanisa Impedans: Ukufanisa i-impedance kuyinqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukubambezeleka kolayini wokudlulisela kufana nokuphazamiseka kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu, njenge-amplifier noma i-antenna. Ukungafani kwe-impedance kungabangela ukucabangela nezinye izinkinga ezingehlisa ukusebenza kwesistimu.
Yiziphi izingxenye kanye nezinsiza ezidingekayo emigqeni yokudlulisela i-coaxial eqinile?
Izingxenye eziphelele kanye nezinsiza zolayini wokusakaza we-coaxial oqinile wesistimu yokusakaza ye-RF zingabandakanya lezi zingxenye ezilandelayo:

1. Umugqa we-coaxial: Lena ingxenye eyinhloko yolayini wokudlulisa oqukethe i-conductor yangaphandle yethusi eqinile kanye nekhondatha yethusi yangaphakathi engenalutho. Isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasiginali we-RF amandla aphezulu ukusuka emthonjeni kuya othini.

2. Ama-Flanges: Lezi yizixhumi zensimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukujoyina ulayini we-coaxial kwezinye izingxenye ezifana nesidlulisi, umamukeli, kanye ne-antenna.

3. Umqhubi wangaphakathi: Leli ipayipi lethusi elingenalutho elidlulela phakathi nendawo yomugqa we-coaxial futhi liphethe isignali ye-RF.

4. Impahla ye-Dielectric: Lokhu okubalulekile okungeyona i-conductive okusetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa abaqhubi bangaphakathi nabangaphandle bomugqa we-coaxial. Kuyasiza ukugcina i-impedance yomugqa futhi kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali.

5. Umqhubi wangaphandle: Leli ishubhu eliqinile lethusi elizungeza i-dielectric material futhi linikeza isivikelo ekuphazamisekeni kwangaphandle.

6. Izinsiza zokugawula: Lawa makhithi asetshenziselwa ukumisa ulayini wokudlulisa i-coaxial ukuze uvikeleke ekushayweni kokukhanyisa nokunye ukuhlinzwa kukagesi.

7. Abaqaphi: Lawa ngamadivayisi asetshenziswayo asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubukhulu besiginali ye-RF kumugqa we-coaxial. Asetshenziselwa ukufanisa ukuvinjelwa kolayini wokudlulisa nalolo lwe-antenna.

8. Abashadile: Lawa amadivayisi asetshenziswayo asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa noma ukuhlanganisa amasignali e-RF kulayini we-coaxial. Asetshenziselwa ukuhambisa amasignali e-RF kuma-antenna amaningi.

9. Izinqamuli: Lawa amathuluzi asetshenziswayo asetshenziselwa ukunqamula umugqa we-coaxial lapho ungasetshenziswa. Zisiza ukuvimbela ukucabanga nokulahlekelwa kwesignali.

10. Ama-adaptha we-Waveguide: Lezi yizingxenye ezisetshenziselwa ukujoyina umugqa we-coaxial ku-waveguide, esetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali amafrikhwensi aphezulu.

Sekukonke, izingxenye zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wohlelo lokusakaza lwe-RF ziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesiginali enhle, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwesignali, nokuvikela isistimu emonakalweni ngenxa yokwanda nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zolayini we-coaxial transmission oqinile?
Izintambo zokudlulisa i-coaxial eziqinile zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-RF ezidinga ukuphathwa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokulahleka kwesignali ephansi. Nazi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zolayini abaqinile be-coaxial transmission:

1. Ukusakaza: Izintambo zokudlulisa i-coaxial eziqinile zivame ukusetshenziswa ekusakazeni izinhlelo zokusebenza ukudlulisa amasiginali e-RF amandla aphezulu ukusuka kusidlulisi kuya othini. Banikeza ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi kanye namandla aphezulu okubamba, okubenza babe ukukhetha okudumile ekusakazeni komsakazo nomabonakude.

2. Ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile nayo iyasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ngesathelayithi ukudlulisa nokwamukela amasignali phakathi kwesathelayithi nesiteshi esingaphansi. Amandla aphezulu okubamba amandla olayini abaqinile be-coaxial transmission awusizo ikakhulukazi ekudluliseni amasignali ukuya nokusuka kumasathelayithi azungezayo.

3. Imishini yezokwelapha: Imigqa yokudlulisela i-coaxial eqinile isetshenziswa emishinini yezokwelapha efana nemishini ye-MRI, izikena ze-CT, nezinye izinto zokusebenza zokuxilonga. Ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi kanye namandla aphezulu okubamba amandla emigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthwebula okunembile nokuthembekile.

4. Ezempi nokuzivikela: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezempi nezokuvikela njengezinhlelo ze-radar, izinhlelo zokuxhumana, nempi kagesi. Amandla aphezulu okuphatha amandla wezintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission zibenza bafaneleke ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu amandla asetshenziswa kwezempi kanye nezicelo zokuvikela.

5. Izicelo zezimboni: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimboni ezifana nokusika i-plasma, i-welding, kanye nokushisa kokungeniswa. Ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi namandla aphezulu okubamba kuwenza alungele ukudlulisa amasiginali e-RF asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinqubweni zezimboni.

6. Ukuxhumana okungenantambo: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile nayo iyasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo ezifana namanethiwekhi amaselula kanye nezixhumanisi ze-microwave ezikhomba-ephuzwini. Asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali e-RF phakathi kweziteshi eziyisisekelo nezinye izingxenye zenethiwekhi.

7. Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zocwaningo nasekuthuthukisweni okufana nokuchazwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-microwave, nokuhlola ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic. Asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali e-RF phakathi kwezinto zokuhlola kanye nedivayisi noma isistimu ehlolwayo.

8. Ukuxhumana ngezindiza: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial nayo iyasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana zezindiza njenge-radar nezinhlelo zokuhamba. Ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi kanye namandla aphezulu okubamba izintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission kubenza bafaneleke ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu amandla asetshenziswa kulezi zinhlelo.



Kafushane, imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuphathwa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusakaza, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi, imishini yezokwelapha, ezempi nezokuvikela, izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni, ukuxhumana okungenantambo, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, ukuxhumana kwezindiza.
Yiziphi izakhiwo ezivamile zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile?
Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile osetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF zifaka okulandelayo:

1. Umugqa we-coaxial: I-coaxial line iyingxenye eyinhloko yomugqa wokudlulisela. Iqukethe i-conductor yethusi yangaphandle eqinile kanye ne-conductor yethusi yangaphakathi engenalutho. Amakhondaktha amabili ahlukaniswa yi-dielectric material efana nomoya, i-Teflon, noma i-ceramic. Umugqa we-coaxial uklanyelwe ukudlulisa amasignali ama-high-frequency ngokulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi.

2. Ichashazi langaphakathi: Inhlamvu yangaphakathi, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukwesekwa kwangaphakathi, iyingxenye ye-flange. Kuyisixhumi sowesilisa esiphumile esisuka ekugcineni komugqa we-coaxial futhi sinephinikhodi engaphakathi exhuma engxenyeni yesifazane ye-flange. Ichashazi elingaphakathi liklanyelwe ukugcina isikhala esifanele phakathi kwamakhondaktha angaphakathi nangaphandle omugqa we-coaxial.

3. Umkhono wangaphandle: Umkhono wangaphandle uyingxenye yesifazane ye-flange. Ilingana ekupheleni komugqa we-coaxial futhi ivikelwe endaweni ngamabhawudi. Umkhono wangaphandle ucindezela ukusekela kwangaphakathi ngokumelene ne-coaxial line ukuze udale ukuxhumeka okuphephile nokulahlekelwa okuncane.

4. Izindololwane: Izindololwane ziyizingxenye ezigobile zolayini we-coaxial ezisetshenziselwa ukuguqula indlela yolayini wokudlulisela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu. Izindololwane zivame ukudizayinelwa ukuthi zibe ne-radius egobayo ehambisana nawo wonke ulayini wokudlulisela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwelahleko ephansi.

5. Imihlangano yezingane: Ama-Tee assemblies asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa noma ukuhlanganisa amasignali e-RF emgqeni we-coaxial. Aklanywe ngomumo we-T futhi angaba nezimbobo zokufaka nokukhipha eziningi kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza.

6. Izinciphisi: Izinciphisi zisetshenziselwa ukufanisa usayizi wesixhumi kulayini we-coaxial nosayizi wengxenye esixhuma kuyo.

7. Ama-Flanges: Ama-Flange yizixhumi zensimbi ezisetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa ulayini we-coaxial kwezinye izingxenye ezifana nesidlulisi, umamukeli, kanye ne-antenna. Ngokuvamile ahlanganisa ukwesekwa kwangaphakathi, umkhono wangaphandle, ichashazi elingaphakathi, nezindololwane.

8. Isithiyo segesi: Izithiyo zegesi zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela amagesi ukuthi angangeni emgqeni wokudlulisela, okungabangela ukuncishiswa kwesignali nokuwohloka. Zenziwe ngezinto ezifana neTeflon futhi zenzelwe ukugcina indawo ecindezelwe yolayini wokudlulisela.

9. Isixhumi se-anchor insulator: Izixhumi ze-anchor insulator zisetshenziselwa ukumisa umugqa we-coaxial kusuka esakhiweni sokusekela kusetshenziswa ama-anchor insulators. Ahlanganisa ubakaki wensimbi onamathela kusivikelo nebhawodi elivikela umugqa we-coaxial kubakaki.

10. I-flang yenkundlae: Ama-Field flange ama-flange akhethekile asetshenziswa ekufakweni kwensimu avumela ukufakwa okusheshayo nokulula ngaphandle kokudinga amathuluzi akhethekile noma izinto zokusebenza. Ngokuvamile zakhelwe ukuba zibe lula futhi zibe lula ukuziphatha.

11. Ipuleti lokunamathisela odongeni: Amapuleti ehange odongeni asetshenziselwa ukunamathisela ngokuvikelekile umugqa we-coaxial odongeni noma kwenye indawo. Ngokuvamile zenziwe ngensimbi futhi zinezimbobo zamabhawodi eziningi zokunamathisela.

12. Iziphanyeko: Iziphanyeko zisetshenziselwa ukumisa umugqa we-coaxial kusuka esakhiweni sokusekela esifana nombhoshongo noma insika. Zenzelwe ukumelana nomoya kanye nemithwalo yemishini futhi zingalungiswa noma zilayishwe entwasahlobo ukuze zinikeze ukuguquguquka.

13. Patch panel: Amaphaneli okuchibiyela asetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa amasignali e-RF ezingxenyeni eziningi futhi ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izimbobo eziningi zokufaka nokukhiphayo. Zingalungiswa noma zibe yi-modular futhi zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwesignali.

Sekukonke, izakhiwo ezivamile zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile osetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF zihlanganisa uchungechunge lwezingxenye eziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesignali enhle, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwesignali, nokuvikela uhlelo emonakalweni ngenxa yezimo zemvelo nemithwalo yemishini.
Ungawusebenzisa kanjani kahle futhi ugcine ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile?
Ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa okufanele kolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile osetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF, amathiphu alandelayo kufanele acatshangelwe:

1. Ukufaka Okufanelekile: Qinisekisa ukuthi umugqa we-coaxial ufakwe kahle futhi uvikelekile, unciphisa ingcindezi emugqeni nasekuxhumekeni.

2. Gwema Ukugoba Kakhulu: Ukugoba ngokweqile umugqa we-coaxial kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwesignali kanye nokuwohloka. Qinisekisa ukuthi irediyasi yokugoba aweqi umkhawulo onconyiwe.

3. Sebenzisa Izixhumi Ezifanelekile: Sebenzisa izixhumi ezifanele zolayini we-coaxial futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ziqiniswe kahle ukuze uvimbele ukulahleka kwesignali ngenxa yokuxega kokuxhuma.

4. Isisekelo Esifanele: Qinisekisa ukuthi ulayini we-coaxial kanye nazo zonke ezinye izingxenye zisekelwe kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe umonakalo ongase ube khona ekushayweni kombani noma eminye imicimbi kagesi. Isistimu yokubeka phansi kufanele ihlolwe njalo ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izimpawu zomonakalo futhi igcinwe njengoba kudingeka.

5. Ukuhlola Okuvamile: I-coaxial line, izixhumi, nezinye izakhi kufanele zihlolwe njalo ukuze kutholwe izimpawu zokugqwala noma zokulimala. Noma yimuphi umonakalo kufanele ulungiswe ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka kwesignali noma ukwehluleka.

6. Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo: Imigqa ye-coaxial kufanele ivikelwe ezintweni ezizungezile ezifana nomswakama, ukungcola, namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezembozo zokuzivikela nezinto ezimelana nesimo sezulu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala okuvela kulezi zici.

7. Ukuhlanza Okuvamile: Ukuhlanza njalo izixhumi nezinye izakhi kungavimbela ukunqwabelana kothuli nemfucumfucu engabangela ukulahlekelwa kwesignali kanye nokuwohloka.

8. Ukuhlola Okuvamile: Ukuhlola okuvamile komugqa we-coaxial kanye nezingxenye zesistimu kungasiza ekuhlonzeni noma yiziphi izinkinga ngaphambi kokuthi zibangele ukonakala noma ukwehluleka kwesignali.

Ngokulandela lawa macebiso, isikhathi sokuphila solayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile singanwetshwa futhi isistimu ingaqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngokuxhumana okuthembekile nokusezingeni eliphezulu kwe-RF.
Yiziphi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile?
Ukucaciswa okubaluleke kakhulu ngokomzimba kanye ne-RF kolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile osetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF kufaka okulandelayo:

1.Impedance: I-impedance yesici yolayini wokudlulisela inquma inani lokulahlekelwa kwesignali nokucabangela okwenzeka ngaphakathi komugqa. Amanani avamile wemigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial ahlanganisa ama-ohms angu-50, ama-75 ohms, nama-90 ohms.

2. Ibanga Lemvamisa: Ububanzi befrikhwensi yomugqa wokudlulisa i-coaxial bunquma ububanzi befrikhwensi engadluliswa ngokulahleka kwesignali ephansi. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zefrikhwensi ephezulu zingadinga imigqa ye-coaxial ekhethekile noma esebenza kahle kakhulu.

3. Ukulahlekelwa Kokufaka: Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka kolayini wokudlulisa i-coaxial kucacisa inani lokulahlekelwa kwesignali okwenzeka lapho isignali idlula emugqeni. Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka okuphansi kubalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokuthembekile.

4. I-VSWR: I-voltage Stand Wave ratio (VSWR) icacisa inani lokubonakaliswa kwesignali okwenzeka ngaphakathi komugqa wokudlulisela. Amanani aphezulu e-VSWR angabangela ukuwohloka kwesignali futhi angalimaza izingxenye ze-RF ezibucayi.

5. Amandla Okuphatha: Umthamo wokubamba amandla welayini yokudlulisa i-coaxial icacisa inani eliphakeme lamandla elingadluliswa ngokuphephile ngomugqa. Lokhu kucaciswa kubalulekile ezinhlelweni ze-RF ezinamandla amakhulu.

6. Ubude bekhebula nobubanzi: Ubude nobubanzi bomugqa wokudlulisela i-coaxial kungathinta ukulahlekelwa kwesignali nokulahlekelwa kokufaka komugqa. Ubude nobubanzi kufanele kukhethwe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.

7. I-Dielectric Constant: I-dielectric constant ye-coaxial line's insulating material ithinta i-impedance yesici kanye nesivinini sokudlulisa somugqa. Izinto ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziswayo zifaka umoya, iTeflon, ne-ceramic.

8. Uhlobo Lwesixhumi: Uhlobo lwesixhumi olusetshenziswa nolayini wokudlulisa i-coaxial kufanele lufanele uhlelo oluthile futhi lube nokulahlekelwa okuphansi kokufaka kanye ne-VSWR.

9. I-Operating Temperature Range: Ibanga lokushisa elisebenzayo lelayini yokudlulisa i-coaxial kufanele lifanele uhlelo oluthile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka kwesignali noma ukulimala kolayini.

Sekukonke, ukukhetha ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial onezincazelo ezifanele zohlelo oluthile lokuxhumana lwe-RF kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle nokuthembeka.
Ungakhetha kanjani imigqa yokudlulisela i-coaxial engcono kakhulu yesiteshi somsakazo we-FM?
Lapho ukhetha ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wesiteshi somsakazo we-FM, kunezici ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe ngokusekelwe ekuphumeni kwamandla, ubude, ububanzi befrikhwensi, uhlobo lwesixhumi nezisekeli ezidingekayo.

1. Isiteshi somsakazo esinamandla aphansi: Eziteshini zomsakazo ze-FM ezinamandla aphansi ezinamandla angaphansi kwama-watts angama-50, kunconywa ulayini wokusakaza we-coaxial oqinile omncane futhi oshibhile ongu-1/2 inch noma 7/8 inch one-impedance engama-50 ohms. Lezi zintambo zinikeza ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi futhi zitholakala ngezinhlobo zezixhumi ezivamile ezihlanganisa izixhumi ze-BNC noma ze-N-Type. Izesekeli ezifana nezinsimbi zekhebula, izinto zokubeka phansi, namabhulokhi wokunqamula kungase kudingeke kanye namakhebuli e-jumper.

2. Isiteshi somsakazo we-Medium Power FM: Eziteshini zomsakazo ze-FM ezinamandla amaphakathi ezinamandla asukela kuma-watts angama-50 kuye kwayi-1000, kunconyiwe ulayini wokudlulisa onamandla oqinile ophethe i-coaxial oqinile njengo-1-5/8 inch noma 3-1/8 inch series-coax. Lezi zintambo zinikeza ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi namandla aphezulu okubamba amandla, uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo ezincane. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswa kulesi simo kungaba uhlobo N, 7/16 DIN noma izixhumi ze-EIA flange. Izinsiza ezidingekayo zingabandakanya izintambo ze-jumper, ama-splices, izinto zokubopha ama-surge, ama-grounding kits, nezibambisi zombani.

3. Isiteshi somsakazo esinamandla amakhulu: Eziteshini zomsakazo ze-FM ezinamandla amakhulu ezinamandla angaphezulu kwama-watts angu-1000, kungase kudingeke imigqa emikhulu yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile efana no-4-1/16 amayintshi noma u-6-1/8 amayintshi series-coax. I-diameter enkulu yalezi zintambo isiza ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali futhi inikeze ikhwalithi yesignali ephelele. I-N-type, 7/16 DIN noma izixhumi ze-EIA flange zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla aphezulu. Izesekeli ezidingekayo zingabandakanya ama-dehydrators, ama-splices, amasistimu okupholisa, izintambo ze-jumper kanye namabhulokhi wokunqamula.

Ubude bomugqa wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile kufanele bukhethwe ngokusekelwe ebangeni eliphakathi kwesidlulisi kanye ne-antenna, kanye nokucaciswa kwentambo. Ubude bekhebula ende buphumela ekulahlekelweni kwesignali ephezulu ngakho ubude kufanele bugcinwe buncane. Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokucophelela umthamo wokubamba amandla wekhebula ekhethiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingakwazi ukusingatha ukuphuma kwamandla adingekayo.

Sekukonke, ukukhetha ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile olungile wesiteshi somsakazo we-FM kuncike ezintweni ezifana nokuphuma kwamandla, ubude, ububanzi befrikhwensi, uhlobo lwesixhumi, nezisekeli ezidingekayo. Ukukhetha ikhebuli efanele kanye nezinsiza kuzoqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle, ukwethembeka, nekhwalithi yesignali.
Ungakhetha kanjani imigqa yokudlulisela i-coaxial engcono kakhulu yesiteshi sokusakaza se-AM?
Lapho ukhetha ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wesiteshi sokusakaza se-AM, izici ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe, njengokuphuma kwamandla, ububanzi befrikhwensi, ubude bomugqa, uhlobo lwesixhumi, nezisetshenziswa ezidingekayo.

1. Isiteshi Sokusakaza Samandla Aphansi AM: Esiteshini sokusakaza esinamandla aphansi se-AM, kungasetshenziswa umugqa omncane futhi onezindleko eziphansi ongu-7/8 inch noma 1/2 inch rigid coaxial transmission line-impedance engu-50 ohms. Lezi zintambo zingakwazi ukuphatha amandla aphumayo afika ku-5 kilowatts futhi ziyinketho ekahle eziteshini zokusakaza ze-AM ezisezingeni eliphansi ezinamandla okukhipha amandla aphansi. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswa kuleli cala zingaba izinhlobo zokuxhuma ezivame ukutholakala njenge-N-type noma i-BNC.

Ubude bomugqa wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wesiteshi sokusakaza samandla aphansi we-AM kufanele bugcinwe bufushane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwesignali. Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile enesici esiphansi se-impedance ingasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphansi. Lezi zintambo zinikeza ukudluliswa kwesignali okungcono, futhi ukufaniswa kwe-impedance nakho kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yesignali.

Mayelana nezinsiza zesiteshi sokusakaza esinamandla aphansi se-AM, kuzoncika ezidingweni ezithile zesiteshi. Ezimweni eziningi, izintambo ze-jumper, ama-grounding kits, namabhulokhi wokuqeda, kanye ne-dehydrator yizesekeli ezibalulekile. Lezi zinsiza ziyadingeka ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwesignali, unciphise umsindo, futhi unikeze ukuvikeleka entanjeni yokudlulisela.

2. Isiteshi Sokusakaza Samandla Amaphakathi AM: Eziteshini zokusakaza zamandla amaphakathi we-AM, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ulayini ojwayelekile ongu-50 ohm 1-5/8 inch noma 3-inch rigid coaxial transmission. Lezi zintambo zenzelwe ukuphatha amandla aphakathi nendawo aphakathi kwama-kilowatts angu-5 no-50. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswa kulesi simo kungaba izixhumi ze-UHF, N-Type noma ze-EIA flange.

3. Isiteshi Sokusakaza Samandla Aphezulu AM: Eziteshini zokusakaza zamandla aphezulu we-AM, kufanele kukhethwe ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile okwazi ukuphatha ukuphuma kwamandla aphezulu angaphezu kwama-kilowatts angama-50. Amakhebuli asetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza ze-AM ezinamandla aphezulu ahlanganisa i-intshi engu-4-1/16 noma imigqa eqinile ye-coaxial engu-6-1/4 inch eneziguquli ezifanayo ezihambisanayo. Lezi zintambo zinokulahlekelwa kwesignali okuphansi futhi zingakwazi ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu wamandla kunezintambo ezincane. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswa kulesi simo kungaba izixhumi ze-N-Type noma ze-EIA flange.

Umthamo wokubamba amandla wekhebula ekhethiwe ubalulekile uma ukhetha ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wesiteshi sokusakaza se-AM. Ukulahlekelwa kwesignali nakho kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe njengoba ukuwohloka kwesignali kungenzeka ngokusebenza kwekhebula okude. Ukukhetha ngokucophelela izixhumi nezinsiza nakho kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga ezifana nokuphazamiseka nokuvuza kwesignali.

Ezinye izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wesiteshi sokusakaza se-AM ubude bomugqa kanye nebanga lefrikhwensi. Ubude bekhebula kufanele bugcinwe buncane ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwesignali. Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile enesici esiphansi, esifana nama-ohms angu-50, ngokuvamile ikhethwa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-AM. Ukufaniswa kwe-signal impedance nakho kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukudluliswa kwesignali kulungile.

Izinsiza zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile zingabandakanya izintambo ezigxumayo, izixhumi, izibambisi zokuhlinza, izinto zokubeka phansi, izibambisi zombani, namabhulokhi wokunqamula. Lezi zinsiza ziyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa okufanele, ikhwalithi yesignali, nokuvikelwa kwesignali.

Sekukonke, ukukhetha ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ofanele wesiteshi sokusakaza se-AM kubalulekile ukuze uthole ikhwalithi yesiginali enhle kakhulu nokuthembeka kwesiteshi. Ukukhethwa kwekhebuli, izinhlobo zezixhumi, nezisekeli kuzoncika kumthamo wokubamba amandla, ubude, kanye nobubanzi bokuvama kwesistimu. Kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi kuxhunyanwe nonjiniyela we-RF onolwazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesiteshi sokusakaza se-AM.
Ungakhetha kanjani imigqa yokudlulisela i-coaxial engcono kakhulu yesiteshi sokusakaza se-TV?
Lapho kukhethwa ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile kanye nezinsiza zesiteshi sokusakaza se-TV, izici ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe, njengokuphuma kwamandla, ububanzi befrikhwensi, ubude bomugqa, uhlobo lwesixhumi, nezisekeli ezidingekayo.

1. Isiteshi Sokusakaza Se-TV Yamandla Aphansi: Eziteshini zokusakaza ze-TV ezinamandla aphansi ezinamandla afinyelela ku-kilowatts ayi-10, kungasetshenziswa ulayini wokusakaza we-coaxial oqinile ongu-7/8 inch noma 1-5/8 inch one-impedance engu-50 ohms. Lezi zintambo zinikeza amandla okubamba amandla aphansi kunezintambo ezinkulu kodwa zithengeka kakhulu futhi zifanele ukugijima kwamakhebula amafushane. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswa kuleli cala zingaba izinhlobo zokuxhuma ezivame ukutholakala njenge-BNC noma i-N-Type.

2. Isiteshi Sokusakaza Se-TV Yamandla Amaphakathi: Eziteshini zokusakaza ze-TV ezinamandla amaphakathi ezinamandla afinyelela ku-100 kilowatts, ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ongu-3 intshi noma u-4-intshi onesithintelo esingu-50 ohms uvame ukusetshenziswa. Lezi zintambo zinikeza ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, namandla okubamba amandla, okuwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusakaza ze-TV ezinamandla aphakathi nendawo kuya phezulu. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswa kulesi simo kungaba izixhumi ze-UHF, N-Type, noma ze-EIA flange.

3. Isiteshi Sokusakaza Se-TV Enamandla Aphezulu: Eziteshini zokusakaza ze-TV ezinamandla aphezulu ezinamandla adlula ama-kilowatts angu-100, ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa umugqa wokudlulisa ongu-6-1/8 inch noma 9-3/16 inch rigid coaxial transmission. Lezi zintambo zinikeza ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, namandla okubamba amandla, okuwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusakaza ze-TV ezinamandla amakhulu. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswa kulesi simo ngokuvamile ziyi-N-Type noma izixhumi ze-EIA flange.

Ubude bentambo edingekayo buzoncika ezidingweni ezithile zesiteshi sokusakaza se-TV. Amakhebula e-coaxial okulahlekelwa okuphansi alungele ukugijima amakhebula amade njengoba ukulahlekelwa kwesignali kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe. Ibanga lefrikhwensi yezinhlelo zokusakaza ze-TV ngokuvamile lisebenza eduze kwamabhendi e-VHF kanye ne-UHF, edinga ikhebula le-impedance coaxial eliphakeme.

Izinsiza zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile zingabandakanya izintambo ezigxumayo, izixhumi, izibambisi zokuhlinza, izinto zokubeka phansi, izibambisi zombani, namabhulokhi wokunqamula. Lezi zinsiza ziyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa okufanele, ikhwalithi yesignali, nokuvikelwa kwesignali.

Izinketho zekhebula ezishiwo empendulweni yangaphambilini yohlelo lokusakaza ku-TV zingafakwa naseziteshini zokusakaza ze-UHF ne-VHF. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha okuhle kwekhebula kuzoncika ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lwe-UHF noma lwe-VHF.

Ukusakaza kwe-UHF ngokuvamile kusebenza ngaphezu kuka-300 MHz, kuyilapho ukusakaza kwe-VHF ngokuvamile kusebenza phakathi kuka-30 MHz no-300 MHz. Ukukhetha ikhebula lokusakaza kwe-UHF noma i-VHF kuzoncika kububanzi obukhethekile befrikhwensi yesistimu kanye nezinga elifunekayo lokukhipha amandla. Isibonelo, isistimu yokusakaza yamandla aphansi ye-UHF noma ye-VHF ingase idinge intambo encane enamandla okubamba amandla aphansi, kuyilapho isistimu yamandla aphezulu izodinga ikhebula elikhudlwana elinamandla okubamba amandla aphezulu.

Sekukonke, lapho kukhethwa ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wesiteshi sokusakaza se-TV, izici ezibalulekile ububanzi befrikhwensi, umthamo wokubamba amandla, ubude, nezisekeli. Ukukhetha ikhebula elifanele kanye nezinsiza kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi isiteshi senza kahle futhi sinikeza ikhwalithi yesignali ethembekile. Kutuswa kakhulu ukuthi kuxhunyanwe nonjiniyela we-RF onolwazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesiteshi sokusakaza se-TV.
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokubi zokusebenzisa izintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission?
Izinzuzo:

1. Ukunethezeka Okuphansi: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile inikezela ngokuncipha okuphansi, okusho ukuthi ukulahleka kwesignali ngesikhathi sokudlulisela kuncane. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi kumasistimu lapho kudingeka khona ukugijima kwekhebula elide.

2. Ikhono Lokuphatha Amandla Aphezulu: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile ingaphatha amazinga aphezulu wamandla, ibenze ifaneleke kahle izinhlelo zokusebenza zokudlulisa amandla aphezulu njengokusakaza.

3. Ukuphazamiseka Kwesiginali Ephansi: Idizayini evikelekile yemigqa yokudlulisela ye-coaxial eqinile isiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka okuvela emithonjeni yangaphandle, okubalulekile ekugcineni ikhwalithi yesignali nokuvumelana.

4. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu: Ngenxa yokuklama kwazo okuqinile, imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile inokwethenjelwa kakhulu futhi ingamelana nezimo zemvelo ezinzima.

5. Ibanga Lemvamisa Ebanzi: Izintambo zokudlulisa i-coaxial eziqinile zingasebenza ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamafrikhwensi ngakho-ke ziguquguquka ukuze zisetshenziswe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokuxhumana ze-RF.

Okumbi:

1. Ukuvumelana nezimo okulinganiselwe: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile iqinile ngokomzimba futhi ayigobi noma igobe kalula, okungenza ukufakwa kube inselele ezindaweni eziqinile noma ezingajwayelekile.

2. Izindleko Eziphezulu: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile ngokuvamile ibiza kakhulu kunezintambo eziguquguqukayo ze-coaxial nezinye izinhlobo zezintambo zokudlulisela.

3. Ukufaka Okuyinselele: Ukufakwa kwezintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission kungase kube inselele kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezintambo zokudlulisela, ezidinga amathuluzi akhethekile kanye nochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe.

4. Usayizi Omkhulu: Usayizi womzimba wezintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission zingaba zinkulu impela, ezingakhawulela ukufaneleka kwazo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Sekukonke, izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile, njengokunciphisa kancane namandla okubamba amandla aphezulu, kuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ezifana nokusakaza kwe-UHF, ukusakaza kwe-VHF, ukusakaza kwe-FM, ukusakaza kwe-AM, nokusakaza kwe-TV. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquguquka kwazo okulinganiselwe, izindleko eziphezulu, kanye nokufakwa okuyinselele kungase kuzenze zifaneleke kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile lapho izinzuzo zazo zidlula ukonakala kwazo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezintambo eziqinile zamakhoaxial zokusakaza ngomsakazo?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission ezisetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF ekusakazeni umsakazo:

- 1/2 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lufaneleka kahle izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphansi kuya kwamaphakathi ebangeni lemvamisa lika-0 kuye ku-500 MHz. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla acishe abe ngu-4 kW futhi ayithengeki. Izinhlobo zezixhumi zayo ngokuvamile ziyi-BNC kanye nohlobo lwe-N.

- 7/8 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lulungele uhlelo lokusakaza lwe-UHF olunamandla aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla acishe abe ngu-12 kW futhi ingasetshenziselwa amaza asukela ku-0 kuye ku-2 GHz. Izinhlobo zezixhumi zayo ngokuvamile ziyi-BNC, N-uhlobo, ne-DIN.

- 1-5/8 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula luvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla aphezulu uma amandla aphumayo edlula i-100 kW. Amandla ayo amakhulu okuphatha afinyelela ku-88 kW futhi ikwazi ukusebenza ngamaza afika ku-1 kHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-DIN ne-EIA flange.

- 3-1/8 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile amakhulu kuno-1 MW. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla afinyelela ku-10 MW futhi ifanele amafrikhwensi afika ku-500 MHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN.

- 4-1/16 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula luvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu ezidinga ikhebula elikhulu lobubanzi kodwa azidluleli njengezintambo ezingu-1-5/8 kanye no-3-1/8 amayintshi. Ingakwazi ukusebenza kumafrikhwensi afinyelela ku-500 MHz futhi ikwazi ukuphatha amandla aphumayo aphezulu angu-80 kW. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN.

- 6-1/8 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lufaneleka kakhulu ekusebenziseni amandla aphezulu, ngokuvamile angaphezu kuka-10 kW. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla afinyelela ku-44 kW futhi ingasetshenziswa kumafrikhwensi afinyelela ku-500 MHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN.

- 10-3/4 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lusetshenziselwa izicelo zamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile angaphezu kuka-5 MW. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla afinyelela ku-30 ​​MW futhi ifanele amafrikhwensi afika ku-250 MHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN. Le ntambo kasayizi omkhulu ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amabanga amade noma lapho inani elikhulu lama-transmitters lixhunywe othingo olulodwa.

- 1-1/4 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula luvamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu ezidinga ububanzi phakathi kwalowo wezintambo ezingu-7/8 intshi kanye no-1-5/8 intshi. Ingakwazi ukusingatha umkhawulo wamandla ophumayo ongafika ku-25 kW futhi ingasetshenziselwa amaza afika ku-2 GHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-BNC, N-type, ne-DIN.

- 5-1/8 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lusetshenziselwa izicelo zamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile amakhulu kuno-1 MW. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla afinyelela ku-18 MW futhi ingasetshenziselwa amaza afika ku-250 MHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN.

- 9-3/16 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lusetshenziselwa izicelo zamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile amakhulu kuno-4 MW. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla afinyelela ku-25 MW futhi ingasetshenziselwa amaza afika ku-250 MHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN.

- 8-3/16 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lusetshenziselwa izicelo zamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile amakhulu kuno-3 MW. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla afinyelela ku-15 MW futhi ingasetshenziselwa amaza afika ku-250 MHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN.

- 12-3/4 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lusetshenziselwa izicelo zamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile angaphezu kuka-7 MW. Inamandla amakhulu okubamba amandla afinyelela ku-60 MW futhi ingasetshenziselwa amaza afika ku-250 MHz. Izixhumi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-EIA flange ne-DIN.

Mayelana nomthamo wokubamba amandla, uma ubukhulu bekhebula bukhulu, kuphakama umthamo omkhulu wokubamba amandla. Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile ngokuvamile yenziwe ngethusi, ehlinzeka ngokusebenza kahle kukagesi nokuqina.

Izindleko zohlobo ngalunye lwekhebula ziyahlukahluka kuye ngosayizi, umthamo wokubamba amandla, nokunye ukucaciswa. Ngokuvamile, izintambo ezinkulu namandla aphezulu okubamba amandla abiza kakhulu.

Ukufakwa kwezintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial transmission kudinga amathuluzi akhethekile kanye nochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ngenxa yokuqina kwabo ngokomzimba kanye nesidingo sokuxhuma okunembayo. Ezinye izisetshenziswa ezidingekayo ngesikhathi sokufakwa zingabandakanya izixhumi, izinto zokubeka phansi, izibambisi zokuhlinza, izibambisi zombani, namabhulokhi wokunqamula.

Sekukonke, ukukhethwa kosayizi wekhebula nohlobo kuzoncika ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusakaza mayelana nokuphuma kwamandla, ububanzi befrikhwensi, nezinye izici. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nonjiniyela we-RF oqeqeshiwe ukuze uthole uhlobo olungcono kakhulu lwekhebula lokufaka isicelo.
Yiziphi izintambo ezijwayelekile eziqinile ze-coaxial transmitters zokusakaza?
Ukukhethwa kolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ongcono kakhulu wokuxhumana kwe-RF ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zokusakaza kuncike ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ububanzi befrikhwensi, ukuphuma kwamandla, kanye nendawo/indawo lapho uhlelo lokusakaza luzosebenza khona. Nazi ezinye iziqondiso ezijwayelekile zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene zokusakaza:

1. Ukusakaza kwe-UHF: Ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-UHF, ulayini wokudlulisa ongu-7/8 inch noma 1-5/8 inch oqinile we-coaxial uvame ukusetshenziswa, kuye ngokuphuma kwamandla adingekayo. Ikhebula elingu-7/8 intshi lilungele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi kuya kwaphakathi, kuyilapho ikhebula le-intshi elingu-1-5/8 lifaneleka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla aphezulu. Zombili lezi zintambo zingakwazi ukuphatha ububanzi befrikhwensi ephezulu.

2. Ukusakaza kwe-VHF: Ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-VHF, ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ongu-1/2 inch uvame ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphansi ukuya kwamaphakathi. Ikhebuli engu-7/8 intshi ingase isetshenziselwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu.

3. Ukusakazwa kwe-FM: Ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-FM, ulayini wokusakaza we-coaxial oqinile ongu-1-5/8 inch uvame ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yomthamo wawo omkhulu wokubamba kanye nobubanzi bemvamisa.

4. Ukusakaza kwe-AM: Ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-AM, i-loop antenna ivame ukusetshenziswa, futhi uhlobo oluhlukile lolayini wokudlulisela olubizwa ngokuthi ulayini we-open-wire isetshenziswa esikhundleni solayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile. Ulayini wocingo oluvulekile uwulayini wokudlulisela olinganiselayo futhi unesakhiwo esihlukile kunezintambo zokudlulisa i-coaxial eziqinile.

5. Ukusakazwa kwe-TV: Ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-TV, ulayini we-3-1/8 inch noma 6-1/8 inch rigid coaxial transmission uvame ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yokuphuma kwamandla aphezulu adingekayo ekusakazeni kwe-TV. I-4-1/16 inch Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line ingase isetshenziswe.

Izindleko kanye nezidingo zokufakwa zolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwekhebula. Ukwengeza, ukukhethwa kwezixhumi kuzoncika ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusakaza futhi kungase kuhlanganise izinhlobo ezidumile njenge-BNC, N-type, DIN, kanye ne-EIA flange.

Sekukonke, ukukhethwa kolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile kakhulu kuzoncika ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusakaza ngokuya ngebanga lefrikhwensi, ukuphuma kwamandla, nezinye izici. Kutuswa ukubonisana nonjiniyela we-RF onolwazi ukuze uthole uhlobo olungcono kakhulu lwekhebula lohlelo oluthile lokusakaza.
Ungawufaka kanjani kahle ulayini wokusakaza we-coaxial oqinile weziteshi zokusakaza?
Ukufakwa kwezintambo eziqinile ze-coaxial zokusakaza ezisetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF kanye nezinye izingxenye zokusakaza noma izinto zokusebenza zeziteshi zokusakaza kungaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi edinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela emininingwaneni. Nazi izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokufaka kahle ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile:

1. Hlela ukufaka: Ngaphambi kokufaka umugqa wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile, kubalulekile ukuhlela inqubo yokufaka. Lokhu kuhilela ukunquma indawo yentambo kagesi, ukukhomba noma yiziphi izithiyo ezingaba khona noma izingozi, nokubala ubude bentambo edingekayo.

2. Lungiselela amathuluzi namathuluzi: Ngemuva kokuhlela ukufakwa, imishini edingekayo namathuluzi kufanele kuqoqwe. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ngokwawo, izixhumi, izinto zokubeka phansi, ama-clamp, namathuluzi akhethekile njengama-torque wrenches, izinsimbi zokusika amakhebula, namathuluzi okuqinisa.

3. Faka izixhumi: Izixhumi kufanele zifakwe kuzo zombili iziphetho zekhebula. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izixhumi zihlezi kahle futhi ziqiniswe ku-torque eshiwo.

4. Ukubeka phansi: Ukubeka phansi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokufaka, esiza ukuvikela ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi kanye nokushaywa kombani. Amakhithi okubeka phansi kufanele afakwe kukho kokubili amakhondaktha angaphandle nangaphakathi ekhebula.

5. Umzila wekhebula nokukhwezwa: Intambo kufanele ihanjiswe futhi ifakwe ngendlela enciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwamasignali kanye nokucindezeleka komshini. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukugoba okubukhali kanye nama-kinks kukhebula, okungalimaza isakhiwo sekhebula futhi kunciphise ikhwalithi yesignali.

6. Hlola ukufakwa: Ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa sekuqediwe, kubalulekile ukuhlola uhlelo ukuthi luyasebenza yini futhi uqinisekise ukuthi luhlangabezana nemininingwane edingekayo. Ukuhlola kufanele kubandakanye ukuhlaziya ikhwalithi yesiginali, ukuphuma kwamandla, namanye amapharamitha afanelekile.

Phakathi nenqubo yokufaka, kunezinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

- Ukuphepha: Ukufakwa kolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile kungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi kumakhebuli amakhulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukugwema ukulimala noma ukulimala kwempahla.

- Ukuphatha ikhebula ngendlela efanele: Ulayini wokudlulisa i-coaxial oqinile kufanele uphathwe ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokufakwa, njengoba isakhiwo singase sibe ntekenteke futhi sithambekele ekulimaleni.

- Ukuhambisana Kwesixhumi: Ukukhetha izixhumi ezihambisanayo kubaluleke kakhulu ekufakweni. Ukungafani phakathi kwekhebuli nesixhumi kungase kubangele ukonakala kwesignali noma ukulimala kwesistimu.

- Indawo yokufaka: Indawo yokufaka nayo kufanele inakwe, njengoba amazinga okushisa aphakeme noma izimo zezulu zingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwekhebula futhi zingase zidale umonakalo.

Kafushane, ukufakwa komugqa oqinile we-coaxial transmission kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokunaka imininingwane. Ukumisa phansi ngendlela efanele, umzila wekhebula, nokufakwa kwesixhumi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwesistimu okuseqophelweni eliphezulu. Kunconywa ukusebenzisana nonjiniyela we-RF onolwazi ukuze aklame futhi afake isistimu, futhi kufanele kuqashelwe ngokucophelela izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze kuvikelwe ekulimaleni noma ekulimaleni ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Yini ehlukanisa intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF, ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile kanye ne-hardline coax?
Ekusakazweni komsakazo, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamakhebuli angama-coaxial asetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF: ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile, i-hardline coax, nentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF.

I-Rigid Coaxial Transmission Line:

1. Izixhumi ze-Coax ezisetshenzisiwe: I-EIA flange, i-DIN
2. Usayizi: Iza ngosayizi abahlukahlukene, kusukela ku-1/2 intshi kuya ku-12-3/4 intshi ububanzi
3. Izinzuzo: Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi, kungaphatha amazinga aphezulu angu-4. amandla, kungasetshenziswa kumabanga amade, futhi kunikeze ukusebenza okungcono kumafrikhwensi aphezulu
5. Ububi: Kuyabiza, kunzima ukukufaka, futhi kudinga imishini ekhethekile kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze kuqedwe
6. Amanani: Aphezulu
7. Izicelo: Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zamandla aphezulu ezinhlelweni zokusakaza zomsakazo nomabonakude
8. Ukusebenza: Inikeza ukuncishiswa okuphansi kakhulu, ingakwazi ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu wamandla, futhi ine-VSWR ephansi (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio)
9. Isakhiwo: Kulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile, ikhondakta yangaphandle ngokuvamile yenziwe ngethusi futhi ayimbozwanga yinoma yiliphi ibhantshi eliyisivikelo langaphandle. Kwezinye izimo, ungqimba oluncane lwepende noma okunye okokuvikela kungasetshenziswa kumqhubi wangaphandle ukuze kuvikelwe ukugqwala noma ezinye izici zemvelo, kodwa lokhu akuhlinzeki ngezinga elifanayo lokuvikela njengejazi langaphandle kukhebula le-coaxial eliguquguqukayo. Ngenxa yokuthi imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho kudingeka khona indlela yokudlulisa amandla aphezulu, elahlekelwa kancane, njengasekusakazweni, ezokuxhumana ngesathelayithi, nasezinhlelweni zezempi, ngokuvamile azikho ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zemvelo njengezintambo eziguquguqukayo ze-coaxial. engasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezingaphandle noma ezimangelengele. Nokho, abaklami kusafanele bacabangele noma yiziphi izici zemvelo ezingase zibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile, njengokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa noma ukuchayeka kumswakama noma okunye ukungcola.
10. Amandla Okuphatha Amandla: Ibanga ukusuka kuma-watts ambalwa ukuya kumamegawathi amaningana, kuye ngosayizi wentambo.
11. Ukufakwa: Kudinga ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile kanye nemishini
12. Ukulungisa: Ukulungisa kungase kudinge ukushintshwa kwengxenye yekhebula elimele, okungabiza
13. Ukunakekela: Ukuhlanza nokugcinwa njalo kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwekhebula kusezingeni elifanele.

I-Hardline Coax:

1. Izixhumi ze-Coax ezisetshenzisiwe: Izixhumi zohlobo lwe-N, ze-UHF, noma ze-BNC
2. Usayizi: Imvamisa isukela ku-1/2 intshi ukuya ku-8-5/8 intshi ububanzi
3. Izinzuzo: Ihlinzeka ngokusebenza okuhle ngenani elifanele, okulula ukuyinqamula nokuyifaka, futhi ingasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphakathi ukuya phezulu.
4. Okubi: Ihlinzeka ngokubambezeleka okuphezulu nokusebenza okuphansi kumafrikhwensi aphezulu kunolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile.
5. Amanani: Ibanga eliphakathi
6. Izicelo: Isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukusatshalaliswa kwezinti, ukuhanjiswa kwe-Wi-Fi, ukusakazwa komsakazo, kanye nomabonakude wezintambo.
7. Ukusebenza: Ihlinzeka ngokunciphisa okumaphakathi, amandla okuphatha amandla amaphakathi, kanye ne-VSWR emaphakathi
8. Isakhiwo: Iqukethe i-conductor emaphakathi, i-dielectric insulator, i-conductor yangaphandle, nejakhethi
9. Amandla Okuphatha Amandla: Ibanga ukusuka kuma-watts ambalwa ukuya kuma-kilowatt amaningana, kuye ngosayizi wentambo.
10. Ukufakwa: Kudinga ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile kanye nezinto zokusebenza ezifanele
11. Ukulungisa: Ukulungisa kungase kudinge ukushintshwa kwengxenye yekhebula elimele noma kushintshwe ikhebula ngokuphelele.
12. Ukunakekela: Kudinga ukuhlanzwa kanye nokunakekelwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza.

Ikhebula eliqinile eliyi-coaxial

Ikhebula le-coaxial semi-rigid, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-conformable cable, iwuhlobo lwekhebula eliqinile eliwela ndawana thize phakathi kokuguquguquka kwentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF kanye nokuqina kwe-hardline coax. Ivamise ukwakhiwa nge-conductor yangaphandle eqinile kanye ne-conductor yangaphakathi efana ne-strip ene-dielectric layer phakathi.

Nawa omunye umehluko phakathi kwekhebula eliqinile eliyi-semi-rigid coaxial kanye nezinhlobo okuxoxwe ngazo ngaphambilini zamakhebula angama-coaxial:

1. Izixhumi ze-Coax ezisetshenzisiwe: Izixhumi ze-SMA, i-N-type noma i-TNC zivame ukusetshenziswa.
2. Usayizi: Ikhebula le-coaxial eliqinile kancane livame ukutholakala ngobubanzi obuphakathi kwamayintshi angu-0.034 kuya ku-0.250 amayintshi.
3. Izinzuzo: Ikhebula eliqinile eliyi-semi-rigid coaxial line-attenuation ephansi, ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela, amandla okubamba amandla asebenzayo kanye nokuzinza kwesigaba esihle kakhulu. Iphinde ibe nezinga eliphezulu lokuguquguquka uma iqhathaniswa nentambo ye-coaxial eqinile, eyenza kube lula ukuyifaka.
4. Ukungalungi: Ikhebula le-coaxial eliqinile linokulahlekelwa okuningi (ukuncishiswa) kunolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile, umthamo wokuthwala amandla amancane kanye nokuzinza okuncane komshini uma kuqhathaniswa nentambo eqinile ye-coaxial.
5. Amanani: Ikhebula eliqinile eliyi-coaxial libiza kakhulu kunentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF kodwa libiza kancane kunentambo eqinile ye-coaxial.
6. Izicelo: Ikhebula le-coaxial elingaqinile lisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi ezifana nezempi, i-aerospace, ezokuxhumana, i-RF kanye nemishini ye-microwave kanye nokuhlola, izinsimbi kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.
7. Ukusebenza: Ikhebula eliqinile eliyi-semi-rigid linikeza ukuncishiswa okuphansi nokusebenza kahle kokuvikela. Ingakwazi ukuphatha amazinga wamandla phakathi kwentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF nentambo eqinile ye-coaxial futhi inikeza ukuqina kwesigaba esikhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezintambo.
8. Isakhiwo: Ikhebula eliqinile eliqinile linekhondatha yangaphandle eqinile, i-dielectric spacer, kanye ne-strip-like conductor yangaphakathi, efana ne-coaxial hardline.
9. Amandla Okuphatha Amandla: Ikhebula le-coaxial eliqinile kancane lingaphatha amazinga wamandla ukusuka kuma-watts ambalwa ukuya kuma-kilowatts amaningana, kuye ngosayizi wekhebula.
10. Ukufakwa: Ikhebula le-coaxial eliqinile ngokuvamile lilula ukulifaka kunolayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile noma intambo eqinile ye-coaxial ngenxa yokuguquguquka okukhulu, edinga amathuluzi akhethekile ambalwa.
11. Ukulungisa: Uma ikhebula lilimele, izingxenye zekhebula zingashintshwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintshwa kwentambo yonke.
12. Ukunakekela: Ukuhlanza nokunakekelwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe umonakalo nokugcina ukusebenza.

Ikhebula le-RF Coaxial:

1. Izixhumi ze-Coax ezisetshenzisiwe: i-BNC, uhlobo lwe-F, uhlobo lwe-N, i-TNC, i-SMA, njll.
Usayizi: Imvamisa isukela ku-1/32-inch (RG-174) ukuya ku-1-inch (RG-213) ububanzi
2. Izinzuzo: Kulula ukuzifaka, izindleko eziphansi, futhi ziyavumelana nezimo
3. Ukungalungi: Ayifanele ukudluliswa kwamandla aphezulu, inikeza ukubambezeleka okuphezulu, nokulahlekelwa kwesignali okukhulu kunomugqa wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile kanye ne-hardline coax.
4. Amanani: Aphansi ukuya kumaphakathi
5. Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-RF ezinamandla aphansi nevidiyo, njengamasistimu e-CCTV, i-Wi-Fi, nomsakazo we-shortwave.
6. Ukusebenza: Ihlinzeka ngokunciphisa okumaphakathi, amandla okubamba amandla kanye ne-VSWR ehluka ngobubanzi, imvamisa, nekhwalithi yekhebula
7. Isakhiwo: Siqukethe i-center conductor, i-dielectric insulator, i-conductor evikelayo, nejakhethi yangaphandle.
8. Umthamo wokubamba amandla: Imvamisa isukela kumawathi ambalwa ukuya cishe ku-1 kW, kuye ngobubanzi bekhebula nobuningi.
9. Ukufakwa: Kunganqanyulwa ngezixhumi ezisebenziseka kalula, futhi ivumelana nezimo, izacile futhi kulula ukuyiphatha kune-hardline coax noma ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile.
10. Ukulungisa: Izingxenye zekhebula ezilimele zingashintshwa ngaphandle kokufaka yonke ikhebuli.
11. Ukunakekela: Kudinga ukuhlanzwa nokugcinwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza nokuvimbela umonakalo.
Yini engase yehluleke ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile ekusebenzeni?
Kunezimo ezimbalwa, izizathu, noma ukusebenza ngezandla okungafanele okungabangela ulayini wokudlulisa we-coaxial oqinile wehluleke ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:

1. Ukushisa ngokweqile: Imigqa yokudlulisa i-coaxial eqinile inamandla okushisa ngokweqile uma amandla amaningi egijima kubo isikhathi eside, okungabangela ukulimala kolayini.

2. Ukugqwala: Ukuchayeka kumswakama nokunye ukungcola kungabangela ukugqwala kumugqa wokudlulisela, okungase kwenze ulayini buthaka futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kwawo.

3. Ukulimala ngokomzimba: Izintambo zokudlulisa i-coaxial eziqinile zingalimala ngokufakwa noma ukuphatha okungafanele. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukugoba umugqa ngaphezu kwezicaciso zawo eziklanyiwe noma ukuwubeka ngaphansi kwamandla amakhulu.

4. Ukuxhumana okungalungile: Ukufaka noma ukuxhuma ulayini wokudlulisela ngendlela engafanele empahleni noma kwezinye izintambo kungaholela ekulahlekeni kwesignali noma ukungalingani kwamandla.

Ukuze ugweme lezi zimo ukuthi zingenzeki, kubalulekile ukulandela izinqubo ezifanele zokufakwa kanye nokusebenza kolayini wokudlulisela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

1. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulayini wokudlulisela ulinganiselwe ngokufanelekile ngohlelo oluhlosiwe kanye nezinga lamandla.

2. Ukumisa kahle ulayini wokudlulisela ukuvikela umsindo kagesi kanye nokuphazamiseka.

3. Ukuvikela ulayini kumswakama nokunye ukungcola ngokufaka ama-seal afanelekile kanye nesembozo.

4. Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi namasu afanelekile lapho uphatha ulayini wokudlulisela ukuvikela ukulimala komzimba.

5. Ukuhlola nokuhlola kabusha uxhumo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulingana okuvikelekile nokufanelekile.
Uyini umugqa oqinile futhi usebenza kanjani?
Ulayini oqinile wuhlobo lwekhebula likagesi elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali amaza aphezulu ebangeni elide. Yakhiwe nge-core conductor, i-insulator, ne-sheath yangaphandle evikelayo. I-core conductor ngokuvamile yenziwe ngethusi futhi izungezwe i-dielectric insulator, ngokuvamile eyenziwa nge-polymer noma i-fiberglass. Umgodla ngokuvamile wenziwe ngezinto ezisansimbi, ezifana ne-aluminium noma insimbi, ehlinzeka ngokuvikela nokuvikela ngogesi endaweni ezungezile. Imigqa eqinile ibalulekile ngoba ingadlulisela amasignali ngokunemba okukhulu nangempumelelo kunezintambo zendabuko. Ziphinde zimelane kakhulu nokulahlekelwa kwesignali ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic yangaphandle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isakhiwo esiqinile sivimbela isignali ukuthi ingahlanekezeli noma incishwe imithombo engaphandle. Ukwengeza, imigqa eqinile imelana kakhulu nokulimala ngokomzimba okubangelwa isimo sezulu nezinye izici zemvelo.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza zomugqa oqinile?
imigqa eqinile isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ukudluliswa kwamandla, ukudluliswa kwedatha, ukuxhumana nge-microwave, nokunye. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu ukudluliswa kwamandla, ukudluliswa kwedatha, nokuxhumana kwe-RF (Radio Frequency). Ekudluliselweni kwamandla, izintambo eziqinile zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ugesi ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwelinye. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izintambo zikagesi, iziteshi ezincane, namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa. Ekudluliselweni kwedatha, imigqa eqinile isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali afana ne-inthanethi namasignali ezwi. Ekugcineni, ekuxhumaneni kwe-RF, imigqa eqinile isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa imisebe ye-electromagnetic noma amaza omsakazo. Zisetshenziswa emibhoshongweni yokusakaza, imibhoshongo yamaselula, nezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingenantambo.

Ungawusebenzisa kanjani kahle ulayini oqinile wokusakaza?
Izinyathelo zokusebenzisa kahle imigqa eqinile esiteshini somsakazo:

1. Khetha uhlobo olufanele lomugqa wokusakaza, ngokusekelwe kumandla nobubanzi besiteshi.

2. Qinisekisa ukuthi umugqa uhamba ngomugqa oqondile futhi awunqunywanga noma awugobile.

3. Faka ulayini ngendlela enciphisa ukulayishwa komoya neqhwa.

4. Xhuma ulayini othini kanye nesidlulisi ngezinto ezifanele.

5. Gada ulayini njalo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi usesimweni esihle nokuthi azikho izimpawu zomonakalo.

Izinkinga okufanele uzigweme:

1. Gwema ama-kinks noma ukugoba emgqeni, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukwehla kokusebenza.

2. Gwema ukusebenzisa ulayini eduze kakhulu kweminye imithombo yokuphazamiseka, njengezintambo zikagesi.

3. Gwema ukugijimisa ulayini eduze kakhulu phansi, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa phansi.

4. Gwema ukuba namandla amaningi agijima kulayini, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukushisa nokulimala.
Yini enquma ukusebenza komugqa oqinile futhi ngani?
Ukusebenza komugqa oqinile kunqunywa izici zezinto zawo, njengokuhamba kwawo kagesi, i-dielectric constant, kanye ne-inductance. Lezi zici zibalulekile ngoba zithinta ikhono lolayini wokudlulisela ukudlulisa amasignali ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwelinye ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela noma ukuphazamiseka. Ukwengeza, ukucushwa komzimba kolayini wokudlulisela nakho kuthinta ukusebenza kwawo, njengenani lokujika, ubude bomugqa, nesikhala phakathi kokujika.
Uyini umugqa oqinile wakhiwe?
Umugqa oqinile uqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa, izingxenye kanye nezinsiza. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zifaka i-conductor yolayini wokudlulisa, izivikeli, ucingo oluphansi, nesihlangu sensimbi.

I-conductor iyisici esiyinhloko somugqa oqinile futhi unesibopho sokuthwala umsinga. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngethusi, i-aluminium noma enye impahla eqhuba kakhulu. I-diameter ye-conductor kanye negeji yocingo kufanele kukhethwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingadlulisela ngokuphephile i-voltage edingekayo kanye namanje.

Ama-insulators asetshenziselwa ukugcina insimu kagesi phakathi kwe-conductor kanye nentambo yaphansi. Ama-insulators ngokuvamile enziwe nge-ceramic, irabha, ipulasitiki noma ezinye izinto ezingaphenduki.

Intambo yaphansi isetshenziselwa ukunikeza indlela yokuthi i-current igeleze ibuyele emthonjeni. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngethusi, i-aluminium noma enye impahla eqhuba kakhulu.

Isihlangu sensimbi sisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ulayini wokudlulisa ovalekile ekuphazamisekeni kozibuthe. Ngokuvamile yenziwe nge-aluminium noma enye into eyinsimbi enokungena okuphezulu.

Uma ukhetha izingxenye zomugqa oqinile, kubalulekile ukucabangela i-voltage yokusebenza kanye ne-current, imvamisa, kanye nebanga lokushisa. Ukwengeza, izakhi kufanele zikhethwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ziyahambisana zodwa, nokuthi ulayini wokudlulisela uhlangabezana nezidingo ezifunwayo zikagesi nezemishini.
Zingaki izinhlobo zomugqa oqinile ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemigqa eqinile: izintambo ezingama-coaxial nama-waveguides. Amakhebula ama-coaxial asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuphatha amasignali kagesi avela imvamisa ephezulu, kuyilapho amagagasi egagasi enzelwe ukuthwala amandla kazibuthe kagesi kumaza omsakazo. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili ukuthi izintambo ze-coaxial zine-coaxial conductor yangaphakathi ezungezwe i-conductor yangaphandle, kuyilapho ama-waveguides ane-conductor yangaphakathi ezungezwe into ye-dielectric, njengengilazi noma ipulasitiki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-waveguides avame ukuba mikhudlwana futhi angaphatha amandla aphezulu kunezintambo zama-coaxial.
Indlela yokukhetha umugqa oqinile ongcono kakhulu?
Uma ukhetha ulayini oqinile ongcono kakhulu wesiteshi somsakazo esisakazwayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lamandla nokuvama kwesiteshi, uhlobo lwe-antenna nendawo yendawo. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukubuyekeza izicaciso zomkhiqizi zolayini wokudlulisela kanye neziqinisekiso ezitholakalayo, kanye nezindleko eziphelele nokucatshangelwa kokufaka.
Indlela yokuxhuma kahle ulayini oqinile endaweni yokudlulisela?
Ukuze uxhume kahle ulayini oqinile esiteshini somsakazo, kufanele uqale ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ulayini wokudlulisela umiswe ngendlela efanele. Okulandelayo, kufanele uxhume ulayini wokudlulisela ohlelweni lwe-antenna yesiteshi somsakazo. Kufanele futhi uhlole ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ulayini uhambisana kahle nohlelo lwe-antenna. Okokugcina, kufanele uxhume ulayini wokudlulisela ku-amplifier futhi ulungise isidlulisi sesiteshi somsakazo sibe nefrikhwensi efanele.
Yiziphi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zomugqa oqinile?
Ukucaciswa okubaluleke kakhulu ngokomzimba kanye ne-RF komugqa oqinile yilezi: i-impedance, ubude bukagesi, ukulahlekelwa kokufaka, nokulahlekelwa kokubuyisela. Ezinye izici okufanele zicatshangelwe zifaka i-coefficient yezinga lokushisa, ibanga lezinga lokushisa, ibanga lefrikhwensi yokusebenza, kanye nesilinganiso esiphezulu se-voltage stand wave ratio (VSWR).
Ungawugcina kanjani ulayini oqinile endaweni yokudlulisela?
Ukuze wenze ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke kolayini oqinile esiteshini somsakazo njengonjiniyela, kufanele uqale ngokuhlola ulayini oqinile ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izimpawu zokulimala, ukugqwala, noma ukuguga. Kufanele futhi uqinisekise ukuthi konke ukuxhumana kuqiniswe kahle futhi zonke izinsimbi zivikelekile. Ngemva kokuhlola ulayini, kufanele uhlole ulayini wokudlulisela ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izinguquko kumapharamitha kagesi njengamandla okufaka, i-VSWR, nokulahlekelwa kokubuyisela. Okokugcina, kufanele uqinisekise iphethini yemisebe ye-antenna ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iqondaniswe kahle futhi isebenza ngaphakathi kokucaciswayo.
Ungawulungisa kanjani ulayini oqinile uma uhluleka ukusebenza?
1. Hlola ulayini kagesi ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izimpawu zokulimala noma ukuguga. Hlola noma yiziphi izingxenye eziphukile noma ezixegayo, izintambo eziphukile, noma izixhumi ezigobile.

2. Faka ezintsha esikhundleni sanoma yiziphi izingxenye eziphukile noma ezigugile. Qiniseka ukuthi izingxenye ezintsha zinosayizi ofanayo kanye nokuma njengezindala.

3. Hlanza umugqa wokudlulisela nge-degreaser nendwangu ethambile.

4. Hlanganisa kabusha ulayini wokudlulisela, uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izingxenye ziqiniswe ngokuphepha.

5. Hlola ulayini wokudlulisela ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi usebenza ngendlela efanele.

6. Uma ulayini wokudlulisela phambili wehluleka ukusebenza, hlola noma yiziphi izinkinga ezengeziwe njengokuvuza komoya noma okufushane kulayini. Shintsha noma yiziphi izingxenye ezengeziwe njengoba kudingeka.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezixhumi ezisetshenziselwa umugqa oqinile?
Izinhlobo zezixhumi ezisetshenziselwa imigqa yokudlulisela eqinile zifaka izixhumi ezi-crimp-on nezidayisiwe. Izixhumi ze-Crimp-on ngokuvamile zenziwe ngethusi noma i-aluminium futhi zidinga ukusetshenziswa kwethuluzi le-crimping ukuze ucindezele isixhumi emugqeni. Izixhumi ezidayisiwe ngokuvamile zenziwe ngethusi noma ithini futhi zidinga insimbi ehlanganisiwe nesolder ukunamathisela isixhumi emugqeni. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukene zezixhumi ezi-crimp-on nezidayisiwe ezitholakalayo, okuhlanganisa izixhumi zokuminyanisa, izixhumi ezisontayo, ama-spade lugs, nezixhumi zezinqe. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo eziyingqayizivele kanye nokubi. Inani lezinhlobo zohlobo ngalunye lwesixhumi lincike kuhlelo lokusebenza nezimfuneko ezithile.

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