DVB-T & DVB-T2: A Comprehensive Beginner sika Guide

Siyakwamukela kumhlahlandlela wethu omfushane we-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2, amazinga amabili abalulekile ekusakazeni kukamabonakude wedijithali. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izici, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezinzuzo zalobu buchwepheshe. Uzothola nendlela i-FMUSER's DVB-T/T2 to IP gateway solution ingakushintsha ngayo ukuzijabulisa kwangaphakathi kwamahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka.

  

Noma ngabe ufuna ukuthuthukisa isistimu yakho yokusabalalisa i-TV noma uhlale unolwazi mayelana nentuthuko yakamuva ekusakazeni kwedijithali, lo mhlahlandlela ungowakho. Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko, uzothola imininingwane ebalulekile kanye nogqozi ukuze ukhuphule ulwazi lwakho lwethelevishini futhi ushiye umbono ohlala njalo kubavakashi bakho.

  

Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sivula amandla e-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2, futhi sihlole amandla okuguqula ubuchwepheshe be-FMUSER. Ake siqale!

Incazelo emfushane ye-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2

I-Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) kanye ne-Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial Second Generation (DVB-T2) zingamazinga okusakaza kukamabonakude asemhlabeni wedijithali. I-DVB-T yethulwa njengesizukulwane sokuqala sokudluliswa kukamabonakude wedijithali, kuyilapho i-DVB-T2 imele intuthuko enkulu kulobu buchwepheshe.

 

I-DVB-T isebenzisa indlela yokushintshashintsha ebizwa ngokuthi i-COFDM (Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) ukuze idlulise amasignali edijithali ngamaza omoya. Ihlinzeka ngesithombe esithuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yomsindo uma kuqhathaniswa nokusakazwa kwe-analog, kanye nezici ezengeziwe njengemihlahlandlela yohlelo lwe-elekthronikhi (ama-EPG) namasevisi asebenzisanayo.

 

I-DVB-T2, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ithuthukisa amandla e-DVB-T ngokuhlanganisa ukuguquguquka okuthuthuke kakhulu nezindlela zokubhala amakhodi. Nge-DVB-T2, abasakazi bangadlulisela okuqukethwe okwengeziwe ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa otholakalayo, okuholela ekuphumeni kwedatha okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nekhwalithi engcono yokwamukela.

Ukubaluleka nokufaneleka kwalezi zindlela ezimbili zobuchwepheshe ze-DVB

Ukwethulwa kwe-DVB-T kanye nokuziphendukela kwayo okwalandela ku-DVB-T2 kuguqule ukusakazwa kwethelevishini. Lobu buchwepheshe bunezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ngaphezu kokudluliselwa kwe-analog:

 

• Ikhwalithi Ethuthukisiwe: I-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 inikeza ikhwalithi yomsindo nevidiyo ephakeme kakhulu, iletha izithombe ezibukhali, imibala egqamile, nomsindo ocacile uma kuqhathaniswa nokusakazwa kwe-analog okuvamile.
• Iziteshi ezengeziwe: Ngokusebenzisa ama-algorithms okucindezela asebenzayo kanye nokusetshenziswa okungcono kwe-spectrum, i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ivumela abasakazi ukuthi basakaze iziteshi eziningi ngaphakathi kwebhendi yefrikhwensi efanayo, inikeze ababukeli ububanzi obubanzi bezinketho zokuqukethwe.
• Amasevisi Okusebenzelana: I-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 inika amandla izici ezisebenzisanayo ezifana nama-EPG, amamenyu akusikrini, imibhalo engezansi, nezikhangiso ezisebenzisanayo, okuthuthukisa ulwazi lwabasebenzisi nokunikeza amathuba amasha kubahlinzeki bokuqukethwe.
• Ukusebenza Kwe-Spectrum: Izindlela ezithuthukile zokubhala amakhodi ze-DVB-T2 zisebenzisa ngempumelelo i-spectrum etholakalayo, zinciphisa umkhawulokudonsa odingekayo futhi zivumele ukwabiwa kabusha kwezinsiza ze-spectrum ezibalulekile kwezinye izinkonzo.
• Ukuqinisekisa Ikusasa: Njengoba imboni yokusakaza yedijithali iqhubeka nokuvela, i-DVB-T2 inikeza inkundla eguquguqukayo engakwazi ukuthwala izithuthukisi zesikhathi esizayo nobuchwepheshe, iqinisekise ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuhambisana nentuthuko ezayo.

 

Ukubaluleka kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 kugqanyiswa futhi ngokutholwa kwazo okusabalele emhlabeni wonke, okunomthelela ekushintsheni kwedijithali kanye noshintsho olusuka ekusakazweni kwe-analog kuya kwedijithali. Lobu buchwepheshe bubambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lokubuka, ukwandisa ukunikezwa kweziteshi, nokuvula indlela yezinsizakalo ezintsha kanye nokuqanjwa okusha embonini yezokusakaza.

Incazelo DVB-T futhi DVB-T2

Incazelo ye-DVB-T nezici zayo

I-DVB-T, noma i-Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial, iyindinganiso yokusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali kusetshenziswa ukudluliswa kwe-terrestrial (over-the-air). Isebenzisa uhlelo lokumodulation lwe-COFDM, oluhlukanisa idatha yedijithali ibe imifudlana emincane futhi iyidlulisele ngesikhathi esisodwa ngamaza amaningi. Le nqubo ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yokwamukela ngokunciphisa imithelela yokuphazamiseka kwezindlela eziningi, okuholela ekumelaneni okuthuthukisiwe ekonakaleni kwesignali okubangelwa izithiyo ezifana nezakhiwo noma indawo.

 

I-DVB-T inikeza izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

 

• Isithombe Esingcono Nekhwalithi Yomsindo: I-DVB-T inika amandla ukudluliswa kwezimpawu zethelevishini ezinencazelo ephezulu (HD) kanye nencazelo ejwayelekile (SD), okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yesithombe nokucaca. Iphinde isekele amafomethi ahlukahlukene omsindo, okuhlanganisa umsindo ozungezile, ihlinzeka ngomuzwa womsindo ogxilile.
• I-Electronic Program Guide (EPG): I-DVB-T ihlanganisa i-EPG, evumela ababukeli ukuthi bafinyelele amashejuli ohlelo, ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezinhlelo, futhi bazulazule eziteshini kalula. I-EPG ithuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi ngokunika amandla izibukeli ukuthi zihlele ukubuka kwazo i-TV futhi zithole okuqukethwe okusha kalula.
• Amasevisi Okusebenzelana: I-DVB-T isiza izinsiza ezisebenzisanayo ezifana nokuvota okusebenzisanayo, amageyimu, nokuqukethwe okudingekayo. Ababukeli bangahlanganyela ngokugcwele nokuqukethwe, babambe iqhaza kumavoti, futhi bafinyelele ulwazi olwengeziwe oluhlobene nezinhlelo ezisakazwayo.

Uhlolojikelele DVB-T2 kanye namakhono athuthukisiwe

I-DVB-T2, isizukulwane sesibili sokusakazwa komhlaba, yakhela phezu kwempumelelo ye-DVB-T futhi yethula intuthuko eminingana yokuthuthukisa ulwazi lokusakaza kumabonakude.

 

Amanye amakhono athuthukisiwe we-DVB-T2 afaka:

 

• Ukusebenza Okuthuthukisiwe: I-DVB-T2 isebenzisa amasu okuguquguquka athuthuke kakhulu nezindlela zokufaka amakhodi, okuvumela ukukhishwa kwedatha okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-DVB-T. Lokhu kusebenza kahle okukhulayo kwenza abasakazi bakwazi ukudlulisa okuqukethwe okwengeziwe ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa ofanayo, kunikeze ababukeli iziteshi namasevisi engeziwe.
• Ama-Bitrate aphezulu: I-DVB-T2 isekela ama-bitrate aphezulu, okuvumela ukudluliswa kokuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu ngokucaca okukhulu nemininingwane. Lokhu kwenza abasakazi bakwazi ukuletha umuzwa wokubuka ogxile nakakhulu kubabukeli.
• Ukuqina Ezimweni Eziyinselele: I-DVB-T2 ihlanganisa ama-algorithms wokulungisa amaphutha athuthukile kanye nezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokucubungula isignali. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukumelana kwesistimu ekulimaleni kwesignali, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yokwamukela ngisho nasezindaweni eziyinselele.

Izinzuzo zokuthuthukisa kusuka ku-DVB-T kuya ku-DVB-T2

Ukuthuthuka ukusuka ku-DVB-T kuye ku-DVB-T2 kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile kubo bobabili abasakazi nababukeli:

 

• Iziteshi namasevisi amaningi: Ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectrum kwe-DVB-T2 kuvumela abasakazi ukuthi banikeze inani elikhulu lamashaneli namasevisi ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa otholakalayo. Izibukeli zingajabulela ukukhetha kokuqukethwe okubanzi, okuhlanganisa iziteshi ezinencazelo ephezulu namasevisi asebenzisanayo.
• Isithombe Esithuthukisiwe Nekhwalithi Yomsindo: I-DVB-T2 isekela ama-bitrate aphezulu nezinqumo, ivumela abasakazi ukuthi balethe okuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu ngokucacile nangemininingwane. Ababukeli bangajabulela izithombe ezibukhali, imibala egqamile, nomsindo ogxilisa ingqondo, okuthuthukisa umuzwa wabo wokubuka umabonakude.
• Ukuqinisekisa Ikusasa: I-DVB-T2 yakhelwe ukwamukela intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza. Ngokuthuthukela ku-DVB-T2, abasakazi nababukeli bangaqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu abo ahambisana nentuthuko ezayo, andise isikhathi sokuphila kanye nokufaneleka kwemishini yabo.
• Ukusetshenziswa Okuphumelelayo kwe-Spectrum: Ukwamukelwa kwe-DVB-T2 kuholela ekusetshenzisweni okungcono kwe-spectrum, okuvumela abasakazi ukuthi badlulise okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kuyilapho bekhulula amaza abalulekile kwezinye izinkonzo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwe-spectrum yomsakazo futhi kusekela isidingo esikhulayo sezinsizakalo ezingenazintambo.

 

Sekukonke, ukuthuthukiswa kusuka ku-DVB-T kuya ku-DVB-T2 kuletha izinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukwanda komthamo wesiteshi, isithombe esithuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yomsindo, ukuhambisana kwesikhathi esizayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-spectrum okuphumelelayo. Izinzuzo zenza ukushintshela ku-DVB-T2 kube ukukhetha okuhle kwabasakazi nababukeli ngokufanayo.

Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2

1. Ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nokusebenza

Uma uqhathanisa i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 mayelana nokusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nokusebenza, i-DVB-T2 igqama ngokusobala eyandulelayo. I-DVB-T2 isebenzisa izindlela ezithuthuke kakhulu zokuguquguquka nezindlela zokufaka amakhodi, njenge-LDPC (Low-Density Parity Check) kanye namakhodi e-BCH (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem), okuholela ekuphumeni kwedatha okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi yokwamukela ethuthukisiwe.

 

Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwe-DVB-T2 kuvumela abasakazi ukuthi badlulise okuqukethwe okwengeziwe ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa otholakalayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ababukeli bangajabulela inombolo enkulu yeziteshi namasevisi ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi. Ukwengeza, amandla e-DVB-T2 athuthukisiwe okulungisa amaphutha kanye nama-algorithms okucubungula isignali anomthelela ekudluliseni okuqinile nokuthembekile, ukunciphisa ukuwohloka kwesignali nokuthuthukisa ukwamukela ezindaweni eziyinselele.

2. Izidingo zomkhawulokudonsa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-spectrum

I-DVB-T2 inikeza ukusebenza kahle komkhawulokudonsa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-DVB-T. Ngokusebenzisa amasu okubhala amakhodi athuthuke kakhulu, i-DVB-T2 ingadlulisela inani elifanayo lokuqukethwe noma ngisho nangaphezulu ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa omncane. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kahle kwezinsiza ze-spectrum kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba isidingo sezinsizakalo ezingenazintambo kanye nokushoda kwamafrikhwensi atholakalayo kuqhubeka nokwanda.

 

Ukusetshenziswa okuthuthukisiwe kwe-spectrum kwe-DVB-T2 kunemithelela ebalulekile, njengoba kuvumela ukunikezwa kabusha kwezinsiza ze-spectrum ezibalulekile kwamanye amasevisi, njengokuxhumana kweselula noma i-inthanethi ye-broadband. Ngokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafrikhwensi atholakalayo, i-DVB-T2 inikela ekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo kobubanzi bomsakazo, okuzuzisa abasakazi nabanye abahlinzeki besevisi abangenazintambo.

3. Ukuhambisana nemishini ekhona

Enye yezinzuzo ze-DVB-T2 ukuhambisana kwayo emuva nemishini ekhona ye-DVB-T. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ababukeli abanezamukeli ze-DVB-T basengakwazi ukuthola ukusakazwa kwe-DVB-T ngisho nangemva kokushintshela ku-DVB-TNokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ababukeli abasebenzisa imishini ye-DVB-T ngeke bakwazi ukuzuza emandleni athuthukisiwe kanye nokusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe. yokusakaza kwe-DVB-T2.

 

Ukuze ujabulele ngokugcwele izinzuzo ze-DVB-T2, ababukeli badinga ukuthuthukisa okokusebenza kwabo ukuze kube izamukeli ezihambisana ne-DVB-T2. Ngenhlanhla, njengoba ukwamukelwa kwe-DVB-T2 kwanda, ukutholakala nokuthengeka kwamadivayisi ahambisanayo nakho kuyathuthuka. Abasakazi nabakhiqizi basebenza ndawonye ukuze baqinisekise ukushintshwa okushelelayo kusuka ku-DVB-T kuya ku-DVB-T2, kunciphisa noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwababukeli.

 

Nali ithebula lokuqhathanisa eligqamisa umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2:

 

Ukwahlukana Kwokhiye	I-DVB-T	I-DVB-T2
Ukuphumelela	Ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectrum, umthamo wesiteshi olinganiselwe ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa ofanayo	Ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectrum ephakeme, umthamo wesiteshi okhulisiwe, ukusetshenziswa okungcono kwamafrikhwensi atholakalayo
Ukuzinza	Ukuqina okuncane ezindaweni eziyinselele ezinamazinga aphezulu okuphazamiseka kwezindlela eziningi	Amandla kakhudlwana, amasu okubhala amakhodi athuthukile kanye nama-algorithms okucubungula isignali anciphisa ukuwohloka kwesignali, ikhwalithi yokwamukela ethuthukisiwe
I-Bitrate kanye Nokulungiswa	I-bitrate ephansi, usekelo olukhawulelwe lokuqukethwe kwe-high-definition (HD).	I-bitrate ephezulu, isekela okuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu ngokulungiswa okukhulu
Ukuhambelana	Izinga elamukelwa kabanzi, elihambisana nabamukeli abakhona be-DVB-T	Emuva iyahambisana nabamukeli be-DVB-T, ababukeli abanezamukeli ze-DVB-T basengakuthola ukusakazwa kwe-DVB-T, kodwa ngeke bazuze emandleni athuthukisiwe.
Ukufakazela Ikusasa	Amathuba esikhathi esizayo alinganiselwe okuthuthukiswa nokuthuthuka	Idizayinelwe izithuthukisi zesikhathi esizayo, ivumela intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokusakaza

Umlando kanye Ukutholwa DVB-T futhi DVB-T2

Uhlolojikelele ukuthuthukiswa DVB-T

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-DVB-T kwaqala ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980 lapho isidingo sezinga ledijithali lokusakazwa kukamabonakude wasemhlabeni sibonakala. Iphrojekthi ye-Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), eyasungulwa yi-European Broadcasting Union (EBU), okuhloswe ngayo ukwakha uhlelo olujwayelekile lokudlulisa amasignali kamabonakude wedijithali.

 

Ngemva kweminyaka yocwaningo nokusebenzisana, inguqulo yokuqala ye-DVB-T yanyatheliswa ngo-1997, yabeka isisekelo sokusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali. Izinga lithole ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa okwalandela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokwamukela, ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle, nokusekelwa kwezinsizakalo ezengeziwe.

Abamukeli bokuqala kanye namazwe ahola ukutholwa kwe-DVB-T

Ukwamukelwa kwe-DVB-T kwazuza umfutho ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, lapho amazwe amaningana ehamba phambili ekuqaliseni nasekusebenziseni lobu buchwepheshe. Abanye babamukeli bokuqala be-DVB-T bafaka:

 

• I-United Kingdom: I-United Kingdom yaba ngelinye lamavulandlela ekwamukeleni i-DVB-T yokusakaza kumabonakude we-digital terrestrial. Yethula izinsiza zayo zokuqala ze-DVB-T ngo-1998 futhi yaqeda ukushintshwa kwedijithali ngo-2012, isuka ekusakazweni kwe-analogi kuya ekusakazeni okugcwele kwedijithali.
• EJalimane: IJalimane yaqala ukuqaliswa kwayo kwe-DVB-T ngo-2002, kancane kancane yandisa ukusabalala ezweni lonke. I-DVB-T ibe indinganiso yethelevishini yasemhlabeni eJalimane, ihlinzeka ababukeli ngesithombe esithuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yomsindo.
• E-Italy: I-Italy yamukele i-DVB-T ngasekuqaleni kwawo-2000, ngezivivinyo eziqala ngo-2003 kanye nezinsizakalo zezohwebo ezaqalwa ngo-200Izwe laba noshintsho olukhulu ukusuka ekusakazweni kwe-analog kuya ekusakazweni kwedijithali, okuthuthukisa umuzwa wokubuka ithelevishini kubabukeli base-Italy.

 

Laba bamukeli bokuqala badlale indima ebalulekile ekusunguleni i-DVB-T njengezinga lokusakazwa kukamabonakude osemhlabeni wedijithali, okuvula indlela yokwamukelwa kwayo emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukwethulwa kwe-DVB-T2 nokwamukelwa kwayo emhlabeni jikelele

Ukwakhela phezu kwempumelelo ye-DVB-T, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-DVB-T2 kwaqala ngo-2006, kuqhutshwa isidingo sokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ekusebenzeni kahle, umthamo, kanye nekhwalithi yokwamukela. I-DVB-T2 ihlose ukubhekana nesidingo esikhulayo sokuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu futhi inikeze inkundla yokusakaza enamandla nesebenza ngempumelelo.

 

I-DVB-T2 yethulwa njengokuthuthuka kokuziphendukela kwemvelo, enikeza ukuhambisana okubuyela emuva nemishini ekhona ye-DVB-T. Lokhu kwaqinisekisa ukuguquguquka okushelelayo kwabasakazi nababukeli, okubavumela ukuba bathuthukise amasistimu abo kancane kancane kuyilapho besathola ukusakazwa kwe-DVB-T.

 

Ukwethulwa kwe-DVB-T2 kwahlangatshezwana nokwamukelwa emhlabeni wonke, njengoba amazwe abona izinzuzo ezinikezayo mayelana nokusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe nolwazi lokubuka oluthuthukisiwe. Namuhla, i-DVB-T2 isiphenduke indinganiso ekhethwayo yokusakaza kukamabonakude wasemhlabeni ezifundeni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele.

Amadivayisi kanye nesingeniso ku-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 

Incazelo yamadivayisi asekela i-DVB-T

Amadivayisi asekela i-DVB-T aklanyelwe ukwamukela nokukhipha amasiginali kamabonakude wedijithali. Lawa madivayisi afaka:

 

1. Abamukeli be-DVB-T: Lezi zixhobo, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-set-top box noma izamukeli ze-TV ezidijithali, zixhumeka kumabonakude futhi zithole amasignali e-DVB-T emoyeni. Banquma amasignali edijithali futhi bawaguqulele ekuphumeni komsindo nevidiyo okungavezwa kusikrini se-TV.
2. Ama-TV Edijithali Ahlanganisiwe (ama-IDTV): Ama-IDTV anamashuna akhelwe ngaphakathi e-DVB-T, asusa isidingo somamukeli wangaphandle. Bangakwazi ukuthola amasiginali e-DVB-T ngokuqondile futhi babonise okuqukethwe kukamabonakude wedijithali ngaphandle kokudinga ibhokisi lokusetha elingeziwe.

Izici nokucaciswa kwamadivayisi ahambisanayo e-DVB-T

Amadivayisi ahambisanayo ne-DVB-T anikezela ngezici eziningi kanye nezincazelo ukuze kuthuthukiswe umuzwa wokubuka. Ezinye izici ezijwayelekile zifaka:

 

• I-Electronic Program Guide (EPG): Amadivayisi e-DVB-T ngokuvamile ahlanganisa i-EPG, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babuke amashejuli ohlelo kanye nemininingwane. I-EPG yenza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukuzulazula eziteshini, basethe izikhumbuzi zemibukiso eyintandokazi, futhi bafinyelele ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuqukethwe okusakazwayo.
• Izinketho Zolimi Eziningi: Amadivayisi e-DVB-T ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngezinketho zolimi zomsindo nemibhalo engezansi, okuvumela izibukeli ukuba zikhethe ulimi eziluncamelayo ukuze zidlale umsindo noma zinike amandla imibhalo engezansi ukuze ifinyeleleke kangcono.
• Izilungiselelo Zesithombe Nomsindo: Amadivayisi e-DVB-T avame ukunikela ngezilungiselelo ezahlukahlukene zezithombe nomsindo, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze ngendlela oyifisayo umuzwa wabo wokubuka. Lezi zilungiselelo zingabandakanya izinketho zokulungisa ukukhanya, ukugqama, ukugcwaliswa kwesikhala kombala, nokulingana komsindo.
• Izinketho Zokuxhumana: Amadivayisi amaningi e-DVB-T eza nezinketho zokuxhuma ezifana ne-HDMI, i-USB, ne-Ethernet port. Lokhu kuxhumana kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhume amadivayisi angaphandle, njengamakhonsoli amageyimu, izidlali zemidiya, noma amadivayisi okusakaza-bukhoma, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinketho zabo zokuzijabulisa.

Intuthuko kanye nentuthuko kumadivayisi DVB-T2

Amadivayisi e-DVB-T2 ahlanganisa intuthuko nentuthuko ngaphezu kwabawandulelayo ukuze alethe umuzwa wokubuka umabonakude oqine kakhulu futhi osebenza kahle. Ezinye zentuthuko eziphawulekayo zihlanganisa:

 

• Amandla Okucubungula Aphakeme: Amadivayisi e-DVB-T2 ngokuvamile afaka amaphrosesa asheshayo namandla ezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha athuthukisiwe, okuvumela ukudlalwa okushelelayo kokuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu nokuzulazula okungenazihibe ngamasevisi asebenzisanayo.
• Ukusekelwa kwe-HEVC: Imishini ye-DVB-T2 ivamise ukusekela i-High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-H.26HEVC iyindinganiso yokuminyanisa ividiyo evumela ukubhala ngekhodi okuphumelelayo kakhudlwana nokuqoshwa kokuqukethwe kwevidiyo, okuvumela ukudluliswa kwevidiyo kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa ofanayo.
• Umthamo Wesitoreji Ongeziwe: Amanye amadivaysi e-DVB-T2 angase ahlanganise isitoreji esakhelwe ngaphakathi noma asekele izisetshenziswa zokugcina zangaphandle, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi barekhode futhi bagcine izinhlelo zikamabonakude ukuze zibukwe kamuva. Lesi sici sithuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokuba lula kokujabulela okuqukethwe ngesikhathi esifanele umbukeli.
• Ukuthuthukisa Ukuxhumana: Amadivayisi e-DVB-T2 ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngezinketho zokuxhuma ezithuthukisiwe, njenge-Wi-Fi ne-Bluetooth, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhume ku-inthanethi noma babhanqe amadivayisi abo nama-peripherals angenawaya ukuze kusebenze okunwetshiwe.

 

Le ntuthuko kumadivayisi e-DVB-T2 inikela ekuzizwiseni okwengeziwe, okuphumelelayo, nokusebenziseka kalula kokubuka ithelevishini. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, singalindela ezinye izithuthukisi kanye nentuthuko kumadivayisi e-DVB-T2 ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezikhulayo zabathengi.

Amagama Ahlobene we-DVB

Incazelo yamanye amazinga e-DVB (isb, i-DVB-S/S2, i-DVB-C)

Ngaphezu kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2, iphrojekthi ye-Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) ithuthukise izindinganiso zezinye izindlela zokusakaza kukamabonakude wedijithali:

 

• I-DVB-S (I-Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite): I-DVB-S iyindinganiso yokusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali ngesathelayithi. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa amasevisi kamabonakude wesathelayithi aqonde ekhaya, okwenza ababukeli bakwazi ukufinyelela iziteshi eziningi ngesathelayithi.
• I-DVB-C (Ikhebula Yokusakaza Ngevidiyo Yedijithali): I-DVB-C indinganiso yokusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali ngamanethiwekhi ekhebula. Ivumela abaqhubi bezintambo ukuthi balethe amasiginali kamabonakude wedijithali kubabhalisi ngokusebenzisa ingqalasizinda yabo yekhebula ekhona, enikeza ukufinyelela eziteshini eziningi nezinsizakalo ezisebenzisanayo.
• I-DVB-S2 (Isizukulwane Sesibili Sokusakazwa Kwevidiyo Yedijithali): I-DVB-S2 inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-DVB-S, enikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza kahle kokusakaza ngesathelayithi. Yethula izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuguquguquka nezindlela zokufaka amakhodi, njenge-LDPC (Low-Density Parity Check) nezikimu zokumodelisa ezihleleke kakhulu, ukuze kukhuliswe ukuphuma kwedatha nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokwamukela.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwamazinga e-DVB kanye namacala okusebenzisa kwawo

Izinga ngalinye le-DVB lisebenza ngendlela ehlukile yokudlulisela futhi linikeza amacala okusetshenziswa ahlukene:

 

1. I-DVB-T: Idizayinelwe ukusakazwa komhlaba, i-DVB-T ilungele ukuletha izinsiza zikamabonakude zedijithali ngokudlulisela emoyeni ezindaweni ezimbozwe amanethiwekhi okusakaza asemhlabeni.
2. I-DVB-T2: Ukuvela kwe-DVB-T, i-DVB-T2 kunikeza ukusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe, umthamo ophakeme, kanye nekhwalithi yokwamukela ethuthukisiwe yokusakaza komhlaba, isekela ukudluliswa kokuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu.
3. I-DVB-S: Iklanyelwe ukusakaza ngesathelayithi, i-DVB-S ivumela ukulethwa kweziteshi eziningi ngesathelayithi ezitsha zesathelayithi zabasebenzisi, inikeze ukufinyelela kokuqukethwe kukamabonakude, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ukusakazwa komhlaba kulinganiselwe noma kungafinyeleleki khona.
4. I-DVB-C: Idizayinelwe ukusakaza ngekhebula, i-DVB-C isebenzisa amanethiwekhi ekhebula ukuze isabalalise amasiginali kamabonakude wedijithali kwababhalisile, ihlinzeka ngezinketho zeziteshi ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinsizakalo ezisebenzisanayo.
5. I-DVB-S2: Ukwakhela phezu kwesisekelo se-DVB-S, i-DVB-S2 inikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, umthamo owengeziwe, kanye nekhwalithi yokwamukela ethuthukisiwe yokusakaza ngesathelayithi, iqinisekisa ukulethwa okuphumelelayo nokuthembekile kokuqukethwe komabonakude wedijithali ngamanethiwekhi asathelayithi.

 

Izinga ngalinye le-DVB linamandla alo kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa, ezibhekelela izinsiza ezithile zokusakaza kanye nokubhekana nezidingo zezinkundla ezahlukene zokusakaza.

Ukufana nomehluko phakathi kwe-DVB-T, DVB-T2, namazinga ahlobene

Ngenkathi indinganiso ngayinye ye-DVB isebenzisa indlela ethile yokudlulisela, kukhona kokubili ukufana nokwehluka phakathi kwakho:

 

Ukufana:

 

• Wonke amazinga e-DVB ahlinzeka ngokusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali, okuhlinzeka ngesithombe esithuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yomsindo uma kuqhathaniswa nokusakazwa kwe-analog.
• Basekela izinsiza ezisebenzisanayo, njengemihlahlandlela yezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi (EPGs) nemibhalo engezansi, okuthuthukisa umuzwa wombukeli kamabonakude.
• Amazinga e-DVB abambelela kuhlaka olufanayo, aqinisekisa ukusebenzisana nokuhambisana ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem ye-DVB.

 

Umehluko:

 

• I-DVB-T yakhelwe ukuthunyelwa komhlaba, i-DVB-S yokwamukela isathelayithi, kanye ne-DVB-C yokusabalalisa ikhebula.
• I-DVB-T2 inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-DVB-T, enikeza ukusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe, umthamo owengeziwe, kanye nekhwalithi yokwamukela ethuthukisiwe yokusakaza komhlaba.
• I-DVB-S2 inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-DVB-S, yethula ukuguquguquka okuthuthukisiwe nezindlela zokubhala amakhodi ukuze kukhuliswe ukuphuma kwedatha nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokwamukela ukusakazwa ngesathelayithi.

 

Ukuqonda lokhu kufana nokwehluka kusiza abasakazi nababukeli baqonde izici zemodi yokusakaza ngayinye futhi bakhethe amazinga afanele ezidingo zabo ezithile zokusakaza.

Izicelo ze-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2

Izicelo Eziyinhloko

1. Ukusakazwa kwethelevishini nokwamukela: Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko ze-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ukusakazwa kwethelevishini nokwamukela. Lawa mazinga avumela ukudluliswa kwamasignali kamabonakude wedijithali, anikeze ababukeli isithombe esithuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yomsindo uma kuqhathaniswa nokusakazwa kwe-analog. Nge-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2, abasakazi bangaletha uhla olubanzi lweziteshi, okuhlanganisa okuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu, izici ezisebenzisanayo, nezinsizakalo ezengeziwe ezifana neziqondiso zezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi (EPGs) nemibhalo engezansi. Ababukeli bangathola lokhu kusakazwa kusetshenziswa amadivaysi ahambisana ne-DVB-T/DVB-T2 njengamabhokisi abekwe phezulu, ama-TV edijithali ahlanganisiwe (IDTVs), noma izamukeli ze-DVB-T2.
2. Ukudluliswa kwevidiyo yedijithali nokusabalalisa: I-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 iphinde ithole izinhlelo zokusebenza ekudluliselweni kwevidiyo yedijithali nokusabalalisa ngale kokusakaza kukamabonakude okuvamile. Lawa mazinga asekela ukulethwa kokuqukethwe kwevidiyo ngamanethiwekhi ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ikhebula, isathelayithi, nezinkundla ezisekelwe ku-inthanethi. Ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza kahle nokuqina kwe-DVB-T/T2, abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe bangasabalalisa okuqukethwe kwevidiyo kubabukeli ababanzi, baqinisekise ukudlalwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokulethwa okungenazihibe. Lokhu kunabela kumasevisi afana nevidiyo-on-demand (VOD), ukusakaza bukhoma, kanye ne-IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), okuvumela izibukeli ukuthi zifinyelele intathane yokuqukethwe kwevidiyo kumadivayisi ahlukene.
3. Ukusakaza Kwendawo: I-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2 zingamazinga akhethwayo okusakaza kukamabonakude wasemhlabeni, ukuletha okuqukethwe kwedijithali emakhaya nasezindaweni ezimbozwe amanethiwekhi asemhlabeni. Avumela abasakazi ukuthi banikeze iziteshi namasevisi ahlukahlukene, asekela ukuguqulwa ukusuka kumabonakude we-analog kuye kwedijithali.
4. Ukusakazwa Kweselula: I-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 nazo zingasetshenziselwa ukusakaza ngeselula, okuvumela ababukeli ukuthi bathole okuqukethwe kukamabonakude wedijithali kumakhalekhukhwini wabo. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lubalulekile ezimweni lapho abasebenzisi behamba khona, njengasezimotweni noma lapho besebenzisa amadivaysi aphathwayo aphathwayo. Ngokusebenzisa i-DVB-T/T2 ekusakazeni kweselula, abasakazi banganweba ukufinyelela kwabo futhi banikeze ukufinyelela kokuqukethwe kukamabonakude lapho usohambeni.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi esizayo kanye nentuthuko

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 inamandla okuthuthuka nokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingase zibe khona zihlanganisa:

 

• Ukusakazwa kwe-Ultra-High Definition (UHD): Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokuboniswa, isidingo sokuqukethwe kwe-UHD siyakhula. I-DVB-T2 ingenza kube lula ukudluliswa kokuqukethwe kwe-UHD, ivumele abasakazi ukuthi balethe izinto ezibukwayo ezimangalisayo kanye nolwazi lokubuka olujulile kubabukeli.
• Izinsiza Ezisebenzisanayo Neziqondene nawe: I-DVB-T2 ivula umnyango wezinsiza ezisebenzisanayo neziqondene nomuntu. Ababukeli bangase bajabulele izici ezifana nezincomo eziqondene nawe, izikhangiso eziqondiswe kubo, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisanayo, ezithuthukisa ukusebenzelana kwazo nokuqukethwe futhi zivumelanise ukuzibuka kwabo ngokuvumelana nalokho abakuthandayo.
• Ukusakaza Okuhlanganisiwe: Ukuhlangana kwamanethiwekhi okusakaza kanye ne-broadband kuvule indlela yezinsiza zokusakaza ezixubile. Ngokuhlanganisa i-DVB-T/T2 noxhumo lwe-inthanethi, abasakazi banganikela ngezinsizakalo eziyingxube ezihlanganisa ukusakaza kwendabuko nezici ezengeziwe ezifunwayo, zokusakaza, nezici ezisebenzisanayo.

 

Le ntuthuko engenzeka yesikhathi esizayo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zibonisa ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo eziguqukayo zabasakazi nababukeli endaweni yedijithali eshintsha ngokushesha.

Izinselele kanye nemikhawulo ye-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2 Adoption

Ukutholakala kwe-spectrum nezinkinga zokwabiwa

Enye yezinselelo ezibalulekile ekwamukelweni kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ukutholakala nokwabiwa kwe-spectrum. Njengoba lawa mazinga adinga amabhendi efrikhwensi athile ukuze adlulisele amasignali kamabonakude wedijithali, ukutholakala kwe-spectrum efanelekile kungase kube okulinganiselweKwezinye izimo, i-spectrum idinga ukuhanjiswa kabusha isuka kwezinye izinsizakalo, ezingase zibangele izinselele futhi zidinga ukusebenzisana phakathi kwababambe iqhaza abahlukahlukene.

 

Izinkinga zokwabiwa kwe-Spectrum zingaphakama ngenxa yezidingo ezincintisanayo ezivela kumasevisi ahlukene, njengokuxhumana kweselula noma i-wireless broadbanUkulinganisa ukwabiwa nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ze-spectrum ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinsizakalo ezikhona nezisafufusa kubalulekile ukuze kuthunyelwe ngempumelelo i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2.

Izidingo zengqalasizinda ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo

Ukukhipha i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 kudinga ukusungulwa kwengqalasizinda efanele, okuhlanganisa imibhoshongo yokudlulisa, izinti, namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa amasignali. Ukwakha nokugcina le ngqalasizinda kuletha izindleko ezinkulu futhi kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokuxhumana phakathi kwabasakazi, ama-opharetha enethiwekhi, nezindikimba ezilawulayo.

 

Izidingo zengqalasizinda zingahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezifana nesakhiwo sendawo, ukuminyana kwabantu, kanye nezidingo zokufakwa. Ukwelula ukusabalala ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma eziqhelile kungase kubangele izinselele ezengeziwe ngenxa yesidingo sezindawo zokudlulisa izinto ezengeziwe kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda.

Izithiyo zezomnotho nokucatshangelwa kwezindleko zabasakazi nabathengi

Ukwamukelwa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 kuhilela imigoqo yezomnotho nokucatshangelwa kwezindleko kubo bobabili abasakazi nabathengi. Kwabasakazi, ukuthuthukisa imishini yabo yokusakaza ukuze basekele i-DVB-T2 kungaba utshalomali olukhulu. Ukwengeza, izindleko ezihambisana nokuthola amalayisense, izinkokhelo ze-spectrum, kanye nokuthobelana nezimfuneko zokulawula zingangeza emthwalweni wezezimali.

 

Ngokufanayo, abathengi kudingeka bacabangele izindleko zokuthuthukisa imishini yabo yethelevishini ukuze ihambisane nokusakaza kwe-DVB-T2. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthenga ama-TV amasha ahambisana ne-DVB-T2 noma ama-set-top box, okungase kube isithiyo ekutholweni, ikakhulukazi ezibukelini ezinemali elinganiselwe noma ama-TV amadala angahambisani.

Izinselelo zoshintsho ukusuka ekusakazweni kwe-analog kuye kwedijithali

Ushintsho olusuka ekusakazweni kwe-analogi luye kwedijithali luletha izinselele ezimbalwa. Kubandakanya ukufundisa nokwazisa umphakathi mayelana nezinzuzo zikamabonakude wedijithali kanye nokuwuqondisa ohlelweni lokwamukela ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ukuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka okushelelayo kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela, amasu okuxhumana aphumelelayo, nokusekelwa kwababukeli phakathi nesigaba sokucisha se-analogi.

 

Ukwengeza, ukuhlalisana kokusakazwa kwe-analog kanye nedijithali ngesikhathi soshintsho kungadala ubunzima ekuphathweni kwe-spectrum nengqalasizinda yokusakaza. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwabasakazi, abalawuli, nabakhiqizi bemishini kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe uguquko olungenazihibe futhi kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka kubo bobabili abasakazi nababukeli.

 

Ukunqoba lezi zinselele kudinga ukusebenzisana phakathi kwababambe iqhaza, izinhlaka zokulawula ezisebenzayo, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okwanele kwengqalasizinda kanye nokufundisa abathengi. Ukubhekana nale mikhawulo nezinselele kubalulekile ekwamukelweni okuyimpumelelo kanye nokwamukelwa kabanzi kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 njengamazinga okusakazwa kukamabonakude omhlaba wedijithali.

Intuthuko Yesikhathi esizayo kanye Nezitayela ku-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2

Ukuhlolwa kwezithuthukisi ezingase zibe khona kanye nokuthuthukiswa ku-DVB-T2

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka, kunokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kwezithuthukisi ezingase zibe khona kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-DVB-TSEzinye izindawo zokuthuthuka zihlanganisa:

 

• Ama-Algorithms Okucindezela Okuthuthukisiwe: Ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe kuma-algorithms wokucindezela ividiyo nomsindo kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusakaza kwe-DVB-T2. Lokhu kuzovumela ukudluliswa kokuqukethwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa otholakalayo.
• Izici ezisebenzisanayo nokwenza kube ngokwakho: Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo ingase igxile ekuthuthukiseni izici ezisebenzisanayo nezinketho zomuntu siqu ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-DVB-T2. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisanayo ezithuthuke kakhulu, izincomo zokuqukethwe komuntu siqu, nokukhangisa okuhlosiwe.
• Ukulethwa kwe-Multiplatform: Ngokukhula kwesidingo sokuqukethwe kumadivayisi amaningi, intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo ingase ihlole ukulethwa kwezingxenyekazi eziningi ngaphandle komthungo, okuvumela ababukeli ukuthi bafinyelele okuqukethwe kwe-DVB-T2 kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene njengama-smartphone, amaphilisi, nama-smart TV.

Ukuvela kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza ngale kwe-DVB-T2 (isb, i-DVB-T3)

Uma sibheka ngale kwe-DVB-T2, iphrojekthi ye-DVB iyaqhubeka nokuhlola ukuvela kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza. Nakuba i-DVB-T3 ingakachazwa ngokusemthethweni, imele intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo engaba khona. I-DVB-T3 ingaletha ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe kanye nentuthuko ekusebenzeni kahle kokudlulisela, umthamo, kanye nekhwalithi yokwamukela.

 

Ukuvela kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza kungase kuhlanganise intuthuko kumasu okushintshashintsha, ama-algorithms okulungisa amaphutha, nezikimu zombhalo wekhodi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuhloswe ukuhlinzeka ngedatha ephezulu nakakhulu, ukusekelwa kokuxazulula okuphezulu, nokuqina okuthuthukisiwe ezimeni zokwamukela eziyinselele.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 nezinye izinkundla zedijithali (isb., IPTV, OTT)

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 nezinye izinkundla zedijithali kuwumkhuba osafufusa ohlose ukunikeza ababukeli umuzwa wethelevishini ongenamthungo nohlangene. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa ukusakazwa komhlaba nezinkundla ezisekelwe ku-inthanethi, njenge-IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) kanye nezinsizakalo ze-OTT (Over-The-Top).

 

Ngokuhlanganisa i-DVB-T/T2 ne-IPTV ne-OTT, abasakazi banganikela ngezinsizakalo eziyingxubevange ezihlanganisa ukusakazwa kwendabuko nokuqukethwe okudingekayo, i-Catch-up TV, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisanayo, nezinketho zokubuka eziqondene nawe. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuvumela ababukeli ukuthi bafinyelele izinhlobonhlobo zokuqukethwe okuvela emithonjeni eminingi ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa noma idivayisi, okuthuthukisa ukukhetha kwabo kwezokuzijabulisa nokuvumelana nezimo.

 

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 nezinye izinkundla zedijithali zihambisana nemikhuba yokubuka eshintshayo nezintandokazi zabathengi, abaqhubeka befuna okuqukethwe komuntu siqu nokufunwayo kuwo wonke amadivayisi ahlukahlukene.

 

Lokhu kuthuthukiswa nokuthambekela okuzayo ku-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 kugqamisa ukuvela okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza, ukuhlolwa kwezithuthukisi, nokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinkundla zedijithali. Ngokuhlala iphambili entuthukweni yezobuchwepheshe, i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 iyaqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nesimo esishintshayo sokusakazwa kwethelevishini, ihlangabezana nezidingo nokulindelwe ngababukeli enkathini yedijithali.

Izici Zokulawula kanye Nemizamo Yokumisa ku-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2

Ukubuka konke kwezinhlangano ezibandakanyekayo ekuchazeni amazinga e-DVB (isb., Iphrojekthi ye-DVB)

Iphrojekthi ye-DVB (I-Digital Video Broadcasting) idlala indima ebalulekile ekuchazeni nasekuthuthukiseni amazinga okusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali, okuhlanganisa i-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-TTLe phrojekthi iyinhlangano eholwa yimboni ehlanganisa izinhlangano ezingaphezu kuka-250 ezivela kwezokusakaza, ezokukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe. imikhakha.

 

Umklamo we-DVB uhlinzeka ngenkundla yokusebenzisana kanye nemizamo yokumisa, yenza kube lula ukushintshana kolwazi nobungcweti phakathi kwamalungu ayo. Iqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kokucaciswa, imihlahlandlela, kanye nezincomo ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokusakaza kwedijithali, okuhlanganisa ukudluliswa, ukubhala ngekhodi komsindo nevidiyo, ukufinyelela okunemibandela, kanye nezinsizakalo ezisebenzisanayo.

 

Ngemizamo yokubambisana yamalungu ayo, Iphrojekthi ye-DVB iqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga e-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2 aphelele, ayasebenzisana, futhi ahambisana nezinqubo ezihamba phambili zemboni.

Imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe nemihlahlandlela yokusakaza kwe-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2

Imithethonqubo yamazwe ngamazwe nemihlahlandlela idlala indima ebalulekile ekwamukelweni nasekusabalaleni kwamazinga e-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2. Le mithethonqubo ivamise ukusungulwa ezingeni likazwelonke noma lesifunda kanye nezici zekheli ezifana nokwabiwa kwama-frequency, izidingo zamalayisense, imininingwane yobuchwepheshe, kanye namazinga ekhwalithi.

 

Izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-International Telecommunication Union (ITU) kanye ne-Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) zihlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela nezincomo zokwabiwa kwe-spectrum kanye namazinga okusakaza. Izincomo ze-ITU-R, njenge-ITU-R BT.1306 ye-DVB-T kanye ne-ITU-R BT.1843 ye-DVB-T2, zinikeza imininingwane yobuchwepheshe nemihlahlandlela yabasakazi neziphathimandla ezilawulayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqaliswa okungaguquguquki nokusebenzisana.

 

Iziphathimandla ezilawulayo zikazwelonke, zisebenza ngokubambisana nezinkombandlela zamazwe ngamazwe, zisungula imithetho eqondiswe emazweni azo, zicabangela izici ezifana nokutholakala kwe-spectrum, izimo zemakethe, nezimfuneko zendawo.

Imizamo yokuhlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokusebenzisana ezifundeni zonkana

Imizamo yokuhlanganisa ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nokusebenzisana kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ezifundeni zonkana. Iphrojekthi ye-DVB idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvumelaneni, ukusebenzisana eduze neziphathimandla ezilawulayo zikazwelonke, abasakazi, nabakhiqizi bemishini.

 

Iphrojekthi ye-DVB isiza ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamalungu ayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi kucwengisiswe amazinga angasetshenziswa ezifundeni nasemazweni ahlukene. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kwe-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2 kuyahambisana futhi kungasebenza ngaphandle komphetho emingceleni, kuzuzise abasakazi nezibukeli ngokufanayo.

 

Ukwengeza, izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-ITU zikhuthaza ukuvumelana ngokunikeza imihlahlandlela nezincomo eziqondisa ukwabiwa kwe-spectrum kanye namazinga okusakaza emhlabeni jikelele. Imizamo yokuhlanganisa isiza ukugwema ukuhlukana futhi ikhuthaze indlela ebumbene yokusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali, yenza kube lula ukushintshaniswa kokuqukethwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuvumelanayo kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza.

 

Ukuvumelanisa okunjalo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ababukeli bangajabulela okuhlangenwe nakho kwethelevishini okungaguquki futhi okuthembekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakuyiphi indawo, futhi kukhuthaza abadlali bemboni ukuthi bakhe izinto zokusebenza ezinamathela ekucacisweni okujwayelekile kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2.

 

Ukulawula okusebenzayo kanye nemizamo yokuvumelanisa ibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo nokwamukelwa kwamazinga e-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2, okwenza abasakazi nababukeli bazuze entuthukweni nasekusebenzeni kahle kokusakaza kukamabonakude okusemhlabeni okudijithali.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ne-IPTV Systems Emahhotela Nezindawo Zokungcebeleka

Ngokukhula kokwamukelwa kwezinhlelo ze-IPTV emahhotela nasezindaweni zokungcebeleka, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 nobuchwepheshe be-IPTV kunikeza izivakashi ithuba lokubuka ithelevishini eliphelele nelingenazihibe. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuhlanganisa izinzuzo zamasiginali we-TV yamagagasi asemhlabeni, atholwe nge-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2, ngokuguquguquka nokusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-IPTV.

 

Kulokhu kusetha okuhlanganisiwe, amasiginali we-UHF ne-VHF, atholwe ama-antenna e-UHF/VHF yagi, aguqulwa abe amasiginali we-IP kusetshenziswa isango le-IP noma iseva ye-IPTV. Lolu shintsho luvumela ukwamukelwa kwamasiginali we-TV yasemhlabeni kanye nokulethwa kwawo ngengqalasizinda ekhona ye-IPTV ngaphakathi kwehhotela noma indawo yokungcebeleka.

 

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 nezinhlelo ze-IPTV kuletha izinzuzo ezimbalwa zamahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka:

 

• Ukukhethwa Kwesiteshi Okunwetshiwe: Ngokuhlanganisa i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ne-IPTV, amahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka zinganikeza izivakashi uhla olubanzi lweziteshi ze-TV. Lokhu kubandakanya zombili iziteshi ze-TV zasemhlabeni ezitholwe nge-DVB-T/T2 nezinye iziteshi ezilethwa nge-IPTV. Izivakashi zingafinyelela inhlobonhlobo yokuqukethwe, okuhlanganisa iziteshi zendawo, zezwe, nezamazwe ngamazwe.
• Isithombe Esithuthukisiwe Nekhwalithi Yomsindo: I-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 iqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwedijithali kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwamasignali we-TV, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwesithombe nekhwalithi yomsindo yezivakashi. Ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo ze-IPTV kuvumela ukulethwa okungenazihibe kwalawa masignali anencazelo ephezulu emakamelweni ezivakashi, okuthuthukisa umuzwa wokubuka wangaphakathi kwegumbi.
• Izici Ezisebenzisanayo Namasevisi: Izinhlelo ze-IPTV zinikeza izici ezisebenzisanayo namasevisi angahlanganiswa nokusakaza kwe-DVB-T kanye ne-DVB-T2. Izivakashi zingajabulela izici ezifana ne-electronic program guides (EPGs), ividiyo-on-demand (VOD), i-Catch-up TV, nezincomo zokuqukethwe komuntu siqu, konke kufinyeleleka ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-IPTV. Ukuhlanganiswa kunikeza izivakashi umuzwa wokuzijabulisa ophelele futhi owenziwe ngezifiso.
• Izindleko Nokusebenza Kwendawo: Ngokusebenzisa ingqalasizinda ekhona ye-IPTV, amahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka zingonga ezindlekweni nasezidingweni zesikhala sezinhlelo ezihlukene zokusabalalisa i-TV. Ukuhlanganisa i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ne-IPTV kuqeda isidingo sekhebula eyengeziwe nezinto zokusebenza, kuthuthukisa ukusethwa kokusatshalaliswa kwe-TV kukonke.
• Ukuvumelana nezimo kanye ne-Scalability: Izinhlelo ze-IPTV zinikeza ukuguquguquka nokunwebeka, okuvumela amahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka ukuthi zengeze noma zisuse kalula iziteshi ze-TV namasevisi. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2, iziteshi ezengeziwe zingafakwa ngaphandle komthungo ohlwini olukhona lwe-IPTV, lunikeze ukuguquguquka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinketho ezishintshayo zezivakashi.

 

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 nezinhlelo ze-IPTV emahhotela nasezindaweni zokungcebeleka kudala isisombululo se-TV esihlangene nesiphelele. Isebenzisa izinzuzo zamasiginali we-TV yasemhlabeni kanye nokuguquguquka kobuchwepheshe be-IPTV, iqinisekisa umuzwa wokuzijabulisa wekhwalithi ephezulu nongokwezifiso wangaphakathi kwezivakashi.

I-DVB-T/T2 kuya ku-IP Gateway Solution kusuka ku-FMUSER

I-FMUSER inikezela ngokuningilizayo I-DVB-T/T2 kuya kusixazululo sesango le-IP yakhelwe ngokukhethekile amahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka, evumela ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwamasignali we-TV yasemhlabeni ezinhlelweni ze-IPTV. Lesi sixazululo sihlinzeka ngephakheji yakho konke, siqinisekisa ukuthi amahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka zinakho konke ezikudingayo ukuze kulethwe izinhlelo ze-TV zekhwalithi ephezulu emakamelweni ezivakashi.

 

 👇 Bheka ucwaningo lwethu lwecala ehhotela lase-Djibouti usebenzisa uhlelo lwe-IPTV (amakamelo ayi-100) 👇

 

  

 Zama Idemo Yamahhala Namuhla

 

Isixazululo sesango se-DVB-T/T2 esiya ku-IP esivela ku-FMUSER sihlanganisa lezi zingxenye ezilandelayo:

 

1. Isamukeli se-DVB-T/T2: Isixazululo sifaka isamukeli esisebenza kahle kakhulu se-DVB-T/T2 esithwebula amasiginali we-TV yasemhlabeni we-UHF/VHF. Iqinisekisa ukwamukela okuthembekile futhi isekela kokubili amazinga e-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ukuze inikeze iziteshi eziningi ezihlukahlukene nokuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu.
2. IP Gateway: Isango le-IP ye-FMUSER liguqula amasiginali e-DVB-T/T2 atholiwe abe ifomethi ye-IP, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okungenazihibe nengqalasizinda ekhona ye-IPTV. Iguqula amasiginali we-TV abe yimisakazo ye-IP engasatshalaliswa kalula ngeseva ye-IPTV emagumbini ezivakashi.
3. Iseva ye-IPTV: Isixazululo sihlanganisa iseva eqinile nenyukayo ye-IPTV elawula ukulethwa kwamashaneli e-TV nezinsizakalo ezisebenzisanayo emakamelweni ezivakashi. Ihlinzeka ngezici ezifana nokuphathwa kwesiteshi, ukuhlela okuqukethwe, ukwesekwa kwe-EPG, nokuhlanganiswa kwe-VOD, okuqinisekisa ukubuka okungenazihibe nokwenza ngokwezifiso ezihambelini.
4. Amabhokisi Aphezulu: Isixazululo se-FMUSER sihlanganisa amabhokisi abekwe phezulu (ama-STB) ahambisana nohlelo lwe-IPTV. Lawa ma-STB afakwe emakamelweni ezivakashi, okwenza izivakashi zikwazi ukufinyelela iziteshi ze-TV nezici ezisebenzisanayo ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula. Ama-STB asekela amakhodekhi ahlukahlukene nezinqumo zevidiyo, okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana namamodeli e-TV ahlukene.
5. Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi nezici ezisebenzisanayo: Isixazululo sesango le-DVB-T/T2 kuya ku-IP esivela ku-FMUSER sinikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula esivumela izivakashi ukuthi zihambe eziteshini ze-TV, zifinyelele kuma-EPG, futhi zijabulele izici ezisebenzisanayo. Ingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngezimpawu zehhotela kanye nezincomo zokuqukethwe komuntu siqu, okuthuthukisa ukuzizwisa kwesivakashi.

 

Ngokungeziwe ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko, isixazululo se-FMUSER singenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo futhi sanwetshwa ukuze sihlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile. Izici ozikhethela kanye nezithuthukisi zifaka amasevisi evidiyo efunwayo (VOD), i-TV yokubamba, ukukhangisa okuhlosiwe, nokuhlanganiswa namanye amasistimu amahhotela njengokuphathwa kwegumbi nokukhokhiswa.

 

  👇 Isixazululo se-IPTV sika-FMUSER sehhotela (esisetshenziswa nasezikoleni, olayini bemikhumbi, ekhefi, njll.) 👇

  

Izici Eziyinhloko Nemisebenzi: https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/product/detail/hotel-iptv.html

Ukuphathwa Kohlelo: https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/solution/detail/iptv

 

 

Ngokwamukela i-DVB-T/T2 ye-FMUSER kusixazululo sesango le-IP, amahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka zingazuza kulokhu:

 

• Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwamasiginali we-TV yasemhlabeni kungqalasizinda yabo ekhona ye-IPTV
• Ukukhethwa kwesiteshi okunwetshiwe, okuhlanganisa kokubili iziteshi ze-TV zasemhlabeni nokuqukethwe kwe-IPTV
• Isithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu nomsindo esisekelwa okuqukethwe kwe-HD ne-UHD
• Izici namasevisi asebenzisanayo, athuthukisa ukuzizwisa kokuzijabulisa kwezivakashi
• Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko ngokusebenzisa ingqalasizinda ekhona ye-IPTV
• Ukuxhumana okwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kanye nezincomo zokuqukethwe komuntu siqu ezihambelini

 

Isixazululo se-FMUSER's DVB-T/T2 to IP gateway sinikeza isixazululo esinokwethenjelwa nesiphelele samahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka ezifuna ukuthuthukisa ukunikezwa kwazo kokuzijabulisa kwangaphakathi kwegumbi. Ngezici zayo ezithuthukisiwe namandla okuhlanganiswa angenamthungo, lesi sixazululo siqinisekisa okuhlangenwe nakho kokubuka i-TV okungenamthungo nokujabulisayo kwezivakashi, kuthuthukise ngokwengeziwe ukuhlala kwazo kukonke.

Qedani

Sengiphetha, i-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 zingamazinga ayinhloko ekusakazweni kwethelevishini yedijithali, enikeza isithombe esithuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yomsindo, iziteshi eziningi, nezici ezisebenzisanayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumsakazi, ungumphathi wehhotela, noma umane unentshisekelo ngekusasa likamabonakude, lolu lwazi lukunika amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi usebenzise izinzuzo zalobu buchwepheshe. Hlala uphambili esimweni esithuthukayo sokusakaza kwedijithali, thuthukisa ukuzijabulisa kwangaphakathi kwegumbi emahhotela nezindawo zokungcebeleka, futhi unikeze okuhlangenwe nakho okukhethekile kwe-TV kubavakashi bakho. Hlola amandla e-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 ukuze uvule amandla okusakazwa kukamabonakude okusemhlabeni wedijithali.