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I-FM Transmitter Amplifiers

Isikhulisi se-FM transmitter idivayisi ekhulisa amandla esignali yesidlulisi se-FM, esivumela ukuthi sihambe amabanga angeziwe futhi sinikeze ukwamukela okucacile kubabukeli abaningi. Isebenza ngokuthatha isignali yamandla aphansi ekhiqizwe umsakazi we-FM futhi ikhulise amandla ayo ngochungechunge lwezigaba zokukhulisa umsindo. Le nqubo ivumela isignali ukuthi ihambe ibanga elide, ingene ezindongeni nezithiyo, futhi inqobe ukuphazamiseka nomsindo.

 

I-amplifier ngokuvamile iqukethe uchungechunge lwezigaba ze-RF amplifier, ezikhuphula amandla esignali. Isikhulisi samandla e-RF sisebenza njengesigaba sokugcina sokukhulisa amandla, sikhuphula amandla esiginali afike ezingeni elifiswayo. Isignali ekhulisiwe ibe isidluliswa ngesihlungi se-low-pass ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukuhambisana noma ukuphazamiseka okukhiqizwa inqubo yokukhulisa.
 

Amanye amagama afanayo noma amagama ahlobene esikhulisi se-FM transmitter yilezi:
 

  1. I-amplifier ye-RF Transmitter
  2. I-Radio Transmitter booster
  3. I-amplifier yomsakazo we-FM
  4. Isikhulisi se-FM
  5. Isikhulisi samandla erediyo
  6. Isandisi sesignali ye-FM
  7. I-booster yesignali ye-FM
  8. Umphindi we-FM
  9. Isandisi sebanga lokusakaza FM
  10. Uhlelo lokukhulisa umsakazo we-FM.

 

I-FM transmitter amplifier ingase isebenzise ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene ukuze kukhuliswe, okuhlanganisa amashubhu e-vacuum, ama-bipolar transistors, ama-field-effect transistors (ama-FET), nama-MOSFET. Ukukhethwa kobuchwepheshe kuncike emandleni okukhiphayo afunekayo, ibanga lemvamisa, i-voltage yokusebenza, nezinye izici.
 
Sekukonke, isikhulisamandla somsakazo we-FM sidlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni ububanzi futhi sithuthukise ikhwalithi yokusakaza kwe-FM, ngokunqoba ukuwohloka kwesignali, ukuphazamiseka, nomsindo.

Yiziphi izakhiwo ze-FM transmitter amplifier?
Isikhulisi se-FM transmitter singaba nezinhlaka ezihlukene kuye ngokwakhiwa kwaso kanye nokucaciswa kwaso. Kodwa-ke, izakhi eziyisisekelo zesikhulisamandla somsakazo we-FM zifaka okulandelayo:

1. Isekhethi yokokufaka: Lena isekethe ethola isignali ye-FM enamandla aphansi kusukela kumthombo, njengemakrofoni noma idivayisi yomsindo, futhi iyibeke ngaphansi kwemibandela ukuze ikhulise. Kungase kuhlanganise izihlungi, amanethiwekhi afanayo okuvimbela, nezithuthukisi kusengaphambili ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yesiginali kanye nokufanisa i-impedance.

2. Izigaba ze-amplifier ye-RF: Lawa amasekhethi akhulisa isignali enesimo kumazinga aphezulu wamandla. Angase ahlanganiswe nesigaba esisodwa noma eziningi zokukhulisa, kuye ngezidingo zamandla okukhiphayo. Izigaba zokukhuliswa zingasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile be-amplifier obufana nama-bipolar transistors, ama-FET, noma ama-MOSFET.

3. Ukunikezwa kwamandla: I-FM transmitter amplifier idinga ukunikezwa kwamandla ukuze kuhlinzekwe ama-voltage adingekayo namaza ezigaba zokukhulisa. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kungase kube umthombo kagesi olawulwayo noma ongalawulwa, kuye ngamandla okukhiphayo okufunayo nokuzinza.

4. Isihlungi se-low-pass: Ngemuva kwezigaba zokukhulisa i-RF, isiginali ekhulisiwe imvamisa idluliswa ngesihlungi se-low-pass ukuze kususwe noma imaphi ama-harmonic noma amasiginali angamanga akhiqizwa inqubo yokukhulisa. Lesi sihlungi siqinisekisa ukuthi isignali yokuphumayo ihambisana nemithetho ye-FCC yokusakaza kwe-FM.

5. Isekhethi yokuphumayo: Isekhethi yokuphumayo ithola isignali ekhulisiwe nehlungiwe futhi ingase ihlanganise amanethiwekhi afanayo, izihlungi ezikhiphayo, nezixhumi ze-RF zokuhlanganisa isignali ku-antenna.

Sekukonke, ukwakheka kwesikhulisamandla somsakazo we-FM siklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isignali ye-FM ikhuliswa kahle nangempumelelo, kuyilapho ihambisana nemithethonqubo yokusakaza ye-FM.
Yiziphi ezinye izingxenye ezikhona ngaphakathi kwesidluliseli se-FM ngaphandle kwe-amlfier?
Isidlulisi se-FM sivamise ukuhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwe-FM transmitter amplifier. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zenze, zilinganise, futhi zidlulise isignali ye-FM. Ezinye zezingxenye ezijwayelekile ngaphakathi komthumeli we-FM yilezi:

1. I-Oscillator: Lena isekethe ekhiqiza isignali ye-sinusoidal ephezulu-frequency. Ku-transmitter ye-FM, i-oscillator ngokuvamile isebenza kumafrikhwensi ngaphakathi kwebhendi yokusakaza ye-FM (88-108MHz).

2. Imoduli: Lo mjikelezo ulungisa isignali yemvamisa ephezulu ekhiqizwe i-oscillator ngomsindo noma isignali yedatha ephethe ulwazi okufanele ludluliselwe. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu yokushintshashintsha esetshenziswa ekusakazweni kwe-FM i-frequency modulation (FM).

3. Isiphindaphindi semvamisa: Lo mjikelezo wandisa imvamisa yesignali ye-oscillator ku-frequency okukhiphayo edingekayo. Kusidlulisi se-FM, isiphindaphindi semvamisa sivamise ukusebenzisa i-frequency synthesizer noma i-frequency multiplier circuit ukuze kuzuzwe imvamisa yokuphuma oyifunayo ngaphakathi kwebhendi yokusakaza ye-FM.

4. Ukucutshungulwa komsindo: Leli isethi yamasekhethi acubungula isignali yomsindo ngaphambi kokuthi ishintshwe ingene kumagagasi enkampani yenethiwekhi. Ukucutshungulwa komsindo kungabandakanya ukuhlunga, ukulinganisa, ukuminyanisa, kanye nokukhawulela.

- Isekhethi yokuphumayo: Isekhethi yokuphumayo ithola isignali ekhulisiwe nehlungiwe futhi ingase ihlanganise amanethiwekhi afanayo, izihlungi ezikhiphayo, nezixhumi ze-RF zokuhlanganisa isignali ku-antenna.

- Isihlungi se-low-pass: Ngemuva kwezigaba zokukhulisa i-RF, isiginali ekhulisiwe imvamisa idluliswa ngesihlungi se-low-pass ukuze kususwe noma imaphi ama-harmonic noma amasiginali angamanga akhiqizwa inqubo yokukhulisa. Lesi sihlungi siqinisekisa ukuthi isignali yokuphumayo ihambisana nemithetho ye-FCC yokusakaza kwe-FM.

5. Isikhulisi samandla: Lo mjikelezo ukhulisa isignali eguquliwe, yemvamisa ephezulu ukukhulisa izinga layo lamandla. Isiteji sesikhulisi samandla sivamise ukulandelwa yisihlungi se-low-pass ukususa noma yimaphi ama-harmonics angafuneki, bese sixhunywa kokuthile ukuze kukhanye isignali emkhathini.

6. Lawula amasekhethi: Lawa amasekhethi alawula futhi alawula amasignali nezingxenye ngaphakathi kwesidluliseli se-FM. Angase afake amasekhethi okukhiya imvamisa, ukulawula amandla, nokuqapha.

- Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi: I-FM transmitter amplifier idinga ukunikezwa kwamandla ukuze kuhlinzekwe ama-voltage adingekayo namaza ezigaba zokukhulisa. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kungase kube umthombo kagesi olawulwayo noma ongalawulwa, kuye ngamandla okukhiphayo okufunayo nokuzinza.

- RF amplifier izigaba: Lawa amasekhethi akhulisa isignali enesimo kumazinga aphezulu wamandla. Angase ahlanganiswe nesigaba esisodwa noma eziningi zokukhulisa, kuye ngezidingo zamandla okukhiphayo. Izigaba zokukhuliswa zingasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile be-amplifier obufana nama-bipolar transistors, ama-FET, noma ama-MOSFET.

- Isekhethi yokokufaka: Lena isekethe ethola isignali ye-FM enamandla aphansi kusukela kumthombo, njengemakrofoni noma idivayisi yomsindo, futhi iyibeke ngaphansi kwemibandela ukuze ikhulise. Kungase kuhlanganise izihlungi, amanethiwekhi afanayo okuvimbela, nezithuthukisi kusengaphambili ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yesiginali kanye nokufanisa i-impedance.

Zonke lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukukhiqiza nokusakaza isignali ye-FM ephethe ulwazi lomsindo noma lwedatha. I-oscillator ikhiqiza i-wave yenethiwekhi ye-high-frequency carrier, i-modulator ingeza ulwazi lomsindo kumphathi wenethiwekhi, futhi i-amplifier ikhulisa amandla esignali, kuyilapho izifunda zokulawula ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanele nokuhambisana nemithethonqubo.
Ingabe i-FM transmitter amplifier ilingana ne-RF amplifier futhi ngani?
I-FM transmitter amplifier iwuhlobo oluthile lwe-RF amplifier eklanyelwe ukukhulisa amandla esiginali ye-FM ekhiqizwe yisidlulisi se-FM. Ngakho-ke, uma sikhuluma ngobuchwepheshe, isikhulisi se-FM transmitter singathathwa njengohlobo lwe-RF amplifier njengoba sikhulisa isignali ye-RF (ifrikhwensi yomsakazo). Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke ama-amplifiers e-RF angama-FM transmitter amplifiers.

Ama-amplifiers e-RF angasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zamafrikhwensi omsakazo, okuhlanganisa nokukhulisa amasiginali we-TV, amasignali esathelayithi, namasignali okuxhumana okungenazintambo. I-FM transmitter amplifier yakhelwe ngqo ukukhulisa isignali ye-FM ngaphakathi kwebanga lemvamisa lika-88-108MHz, okuyibhendi yokusakaza ye-FM. Okukhiphayo kuklanyelwe ukuhambisana nezidingo ezifanele zokulawula zokusakaza kwe-FM.

Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi isikhulisi se-FM transmitter siwuhlobo lwe-RF amplifier, akuwona wonke ama-RF amplifier afanelekile noma alungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa njenge-FM transmitter amplifier. I-FM transmitter amplifier yakhelwe ngokuqondile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusakaza kwe-FM futhi iqinisekise ukudluliswa kwezimpawu ze-FM ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezithembekile.
Ngabe ama-amplifier omsakazo we-FM ayahluka kusidlulisi sezinga elihlukile lamandla?
Isikhulisi se-FM transmitter esisetshenziswa kuma-FM anamazinga ahlukene wamandla singahluka ezicini ezimbalwa, njengokumisa, amanani, ukusebenza, usayizi, ukufakwa, ukuba sengozini, ukulungiswa, ukulungiswa, njll. Nawu umehluko ongaba khona:

1. Ukumisa: Izikhulisamandla zokusakaza ze-FM ezinamandla aphezulu zidinga izigaba zokukhulisa amandla, amandla kagesi aphezulu, nezihlungi zokufaka/okukhiphayo eziqinile, uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhulisamandla ezinamandla aphansi. Lokhu kuvame ukuphumela ekucushweni kwe-amplifier okuyinkimbinkimbi, okungase kudinge ukuklama okukhethekile namasu okuhlanganisa.

2. Amanani: Izindleko zama-amplifiers omsakazo we-FM zingahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngesilinganiso samandla azo, ikhwalithi, kanye nomkhiqizi. Ngokuvamile, amamojula wesikhulisi samandla aphezulu abiza kakhulu kunamamojula anamandla aphansi ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zengxenye, izidingo zokuphatha amandla amakhulu, nokuhlola okuqinile.

Ukusebenza: Ama-amplifiers anamandla aphezulu we-FM ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngomugqa othuthukisiwe, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusebenza okuhlanekezelwe, okungaholela kukhwalithi yesiginali ephezulu kanye nobubanzi obungcono bokumboza. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwangempela kungase futhi kuncike kwikhwalithi yezinye izingxenye kusidlulisi njenge-oscillator, imoduli, nezihlungi zokufaka/zokukhiphayo.

I-4. Usayizi: Usayizi womzimba wezikhulisi zokusakaza ze-FM ngokuvamile ulingana nesilinganiso sazo samandla. Ama-amplifiers anamandla aphezulu adinga ama-heatsink amakhulu, ama-casings amakhulu kakhulu, nezixhumi ezinkulu zokufaka/okukhiphayo, ezingaholela kusayizi nesisindo esikhudlwana.

I-5. Ukufaka: Ukufakwa kwezikhulisamandla zokusakaza ze-FM kungaba nzima kakhulu kumamodeli anamandla amakhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obukhulu, izidingo zamandla aphezulu, namazinga aphezulu kagesi. Angase adinge ihadiwe yokufaka eqinile, amathuluzi akhethekile, nochwepheshe abanekhono ukuze kufakwe kahle.

6. Ukuba sengozini: Izikhulisamandla zokusakaza ze-FM ezinamandla aphezulu zingase zibe sengozini enkulu yokulimala ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile, ukuphakama kwamandla, ukushaywa kombani, noma okunye ukuphazamiseka kukagesi. Lokhu kudinga izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuvikela i-amplifier nokuqinisekisa ukuphila kwayo isikhathi eside.

7. Ukulungisa Nokunakekela: Ukulungiswa nokugcinwa kwezikhulisamandla zomsakazo we-FM ezinamandla aphezulu kungaba yinselele futhi kubize kakhulu kunamamodeli anamandla aphansi ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bazo nezinto ezikhethekile. Bangase badinge ochwepheshe abanekhono, izisetshenziswa ezikhethekile, kanye nezikhathi zokulungisa ezinde okuholela ezindlekweni zokulungisa eziphakeme.

Kafushane, izikhulisamandla zokusakaza ze-FM ezinamandla aphezulu zivame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, zibe zikhudlwana, zibize kakhulu, futhi zidinga ubuchwepheshe obuningi bokuzifakela, ukunakekelwa, kanye nokulungiswa kwazo. Kodwa-ke, bangaphinda banikeze ukusebenza okungcono, ububanzi bokufakwa okubanzi, nokuthembeka okuthuthukisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli anamandla aphansi. Ekugcineni, ukukhetha kwesikhulisamandla somsakazo we-FM kufanele kusekelwe ezingeni lamandla elihlosiwe, izidingo zokusebenza, nesabelomali esitholakalayo.
Yini engase iholele ekushisweni komsakazo we-FM?
Ama-amplifier omsakazo we-FM angalimala ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa:

1. Ukushayela ngokweqile isignali yokokufaka: Ukusebenzisa amandla amaningi okokufaka ku-amplifier kungabangela ukuthi sigcwale, okuholela kumasiginali okukhiphayo ahlanekezelwe angalimaza isikhulisi. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lamandla okokufaka lingaphakathi kwebanga elinconyiwe.

2. Ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu: Ukusebenzisa i-amplifier emazingeni okushisa aphezulu isikhathi eside kungabangela izingxenye ezizwela ukushisa (njengama-transistors) ukuthi ziwohloke, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuncishisiwe kanye nokutubeka ekugcineni. Kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa le-amplifier lingaphansi kokulawula ngokusebenzisa umoya owanele, osinki bokushisa, nokulawula izinga lokushisa.

3. Ama-voltage spikes noma ama-surges: Ama-amplifiers omsakazo we-FM angonakala ngenxa yokunyuka kwama-voltage noma ukuphakama kwamandla kagesi noma isignali yokufaka. Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokusebenzisa izivikeli zokuhlinza, izilawuli zikagesi, namanye amathuluzi okuvikela.

4. Ukufanisa okungalungile kwe-impedance: Ukungafani kokuphumayo kwe-amplifier ne-impedance yomthwalo (imvamisa i-antenna) kungabangela amazinga aphezulu wamandla abonisiwe, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kanye nokulimala kwe-amplifier. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukufana okufanele kwe-impedance ngokusebenzisa isihlungi esifanele sokuphumayo kanye ne-impedance yokulayisha.

5. Ukuphatha okungalungile ngesikhathi sokufakwa: Ukuphatha budedengu ngesikhathi sokufakwa kungabangela ukucindezeleka komshini ku-amplifier, kulimaze izingxenye zaso futhi kubangele ukonakala kokusebenza kanye nokutubeka ekugcineni. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yokufaka yomkhiqizi futhi uphathe i-amplifier ngokucophelela.

Ukuze ugweme lezi zimo futhi uvimbele ukutubeka kwesikhulisamandla somsakazo we-FM, kutuswa ukuba ulandele imiyalelo nemihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi yokusifaka, ukusebenza, nokugcinwa. Gcina izinga lokushisa le-amplifier lingaphansi kokulawula, sebenzisa izisetshenziswa ezanele zokuvikela, futhi uqinisekise ukufana okufanele kwe-impedance. Kubalulekile futhi ukusebenzisa i-amplifier ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yokusebenza enconyiwe futhi ugweme ukusebenza kwesandla okungafanele okufana nogesi ofaka ngokweqile, ukufaniswa kwe-impedance okungalungile noma ukuguqulwa, noma ukuphazamisa izingxenye zangaphakathi ze-amplifier.
Ungasisebenzisa kanjani futhi usigcine kanjani isikhulisi se-FM transmitter?
Ukusetshenziswa okulungile kanye nezinqubo zokunakekela ezifanele kungasiza ekwandiseni iminyaka yokuphila komsakazi we-FM kanye nesikhulisi saso esihlobene. Nawa amanye amathiphu okufanele uwacabangele:

1. Landela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi: Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela imiyalelo yokusebenza neyokulungisa ehlinzekwa ngumkhiqizi, okuhlanganisa amazinga wamandla anconyiwe, imikhawulo yokusebenza, nezikhawu zokulungisa.

2. Qinisekisa ukungena komoya ngendlela efanele kanye nokulawula izinga lokushisa: Izikhulisamandla zokusakaza ze-FM zikhiqiza ukushisa okuningi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya owanele kanye nokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa. Gcina ikhabethe le-amplifier lihlanzekile futhi lingenazo izithiyo ezingase zivimbele ukugeleza komoya futhi zibangele ukunqwabelana kokushisa. Sebenzisa amafeni okupholisa anele, osinki bokushisa, namadivayisi okulawula izinga lokushisa ukuze ugcine isikhulisi singaphakathi kwemikhawulo yokushisa eyamukelekayo.

3. Sebenzisa izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu: Khetha izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu zesidlulisi sakho se-FM, okuhlanganisa imojuli ye-amplifier, okokuhlunga okokufaka/okuphumayo, nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile. Lokhu kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungcono futhi kwehlise ingcuphe yokwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

4. Vikela ekuqhumeni kwamandla nasekushayweni kombani: Faka izivikeli zokuhlinza, izilawuli zikagesi, nezibambisi zombani ukuze uvikele iamplifier ekukhuphukeni kwamandla nokushaywa kombani.

5. Yenza ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile: Yenza ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kokuvimbela, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanza, ukuhlola, nokufaka esikhundleni sanoma yiziphi izingxenye ezigugile noma ezilimele. Lokhu kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izingxenye zisesimweni esihle futhi zisebenza kumazinga azo okusebenza asezingeni eliphezulu.

6. Ungeqi amazinga wamandla anconyiwe: Ungalokothi weqe amaleveli wamandla anconyiwe acaciswe umenzi weamplifier, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele umonakalo kusikhulisi nezinye izingxenye kusidlulisi.

7. Qaphela izimpawu zokwehluleka: Qaphela noma imiphi imisindo engajwayelekile, iphunga, noma izinkinga zokusebenza ezingase zibonise inkinga ngeamplifier. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinkinga, yeka ngokushesha ukusebenzisa i-transmitter futhi wenze ukuthi ihlolwe uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe.

Ngokulandela lawa macebiso, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi umsakazi wakho we-FM kanye ne-amplifier ehambisanayo isebenza ngokwethembeka nangamazinga afanele ngaphezu kwempilo yaso elindelekile.
Ungasilungisa kanjani i-FM transmitter amplifier uma yehluleka ukusebenza?
Ukulungisa isikhulisamazwi somsakazo we-FM kudinga ukuqonda okuhle kwezingxenye zangaphakathi ze-amplifier nokujikeleza, kanye nekhono lokuxazulula izinkinga zamasekethe kagesi. Nazi izinyathelo ezijwayelekile ezihilelekile ekulungiseni isikhulisi se-FM transmitter:

1. Thola inkinga: Ngaphambi kokuzama noma yikuphi ukulungisa, thola inkinga nge-amplifier. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlola izingxenye zesikhulisi, ukuhlola izimpawu zokulimala ngokomzimba, noma ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuxilonga ukuze kukhonjwe indawo yenkinga.

2. Thola izingxenye ezidingekayo: Uma usuyibonile inkinga, thola izakhi ezidingekayo ukuze ubuyisele noma yiziphi izingxenye ezinesici ku-amplifier.

3. Nqamula amandla: Ngaphambi kokulungisa i-amplifier, vala futhi unqamule amandla ku-amplifier ukuvimbela ukushaqeka kukagesi.

4. Vula i-amplifier casing: Vula i-amplifier casing futhi uhlole ngokucophelela izingxenye zangaphakathi nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zokulimala ngokomzimba noma ukugqwala.

5. Faka esikhundleni izingxenye ezingasebenzi kahle: Shintshanisa noma yiziphi izingxenye ezingasebenzi kahle noma izingxenye ezilimele ezitholakala ku-amplifier.

6. Hlanganisa kabusha i-amplifier: Hlanganisa kabusha i-amplifier, unakekele izintambo zomzila nezintambo ngendlela efanele futhi uvikele izingxenye zazo ezindaweni zazo ezifanele.

7. Hlola i-amplifier: Vula i-amplifier futhi uhlole ukusebenza kwaso ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi inkinga isixazululiwe.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukulungisa isikhulisamandla somsakazo we-FM esinamandla amakhulu kungaba yingozi futhi kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ochwepheshe abanolwazi. Kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele, njengokugqoka izinto zokuzivikela nokusebenzisa amathuluzi afanele, lapho usebenza ngamasekethe kagesi. Uma ungazethembi ekulungiseni isikhulisamazwi somsakazo we-FM, cabanga ngokuthintana nochwepheshe oqeqeshiwe noma uxhumane nomkhiqizi ukuze uthole izinsiza zokulungisa.
Zingaki izinhlobo ze-FM transmitter amplifier ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zama-amplifaya omsakazo we-FM, ahlukaniswe ngokwamazinga azo amandla, usayizi, kanye nobuchwepheshe. Nakhu ukubheka ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-amplifiers omsakazo we-FM:

1. Izikhulisi zomsindo we-FM ezinamandla aphansi: Izikhulisamandla ezinamandla aphansi zivame ukusetshenziswa eziteshini zomsakazo ezincane ze-FM, eziteshini zomsakazo ezingomakhelwane, noma ezinhlelweni zokuzilibazisa. Ngokuvamile banezinga lamandla okukhiphayo elingaphansi kwama-watts ayi-100 futhi ngokuvamile ahlanganiswa nezinye izingxenye zokudlulisela ekwakhiweni okuhlangene.

2. Izikhulisi zokusakaza zamandla amaphakathi FM: Ama-amplifiers aphakathi nendawo atholakala emisakazweni yomphakathi, emisakazweni yezenkolo, naseziteshini ezincane zentengiso. Ngokuvamile anezinga lamandla okukhiphayo lama-watts angu-100-3000 futhi ngokuvamile ahlaliswa ezindaweni ezivalekile ezifakwe ngama-rack.

3. Izikhulisamandla zomsakazo we-FM ezinamandla aphezulu: Ama-amplifiers anamandla amakhulu asetshenziswa eziteshini zomsakazo ze-FM ezentengiselwano namanethiwekhi okusakaza. Ngokuvamile anezinga lamandla okukhiphayo afinyelela ku-80 kW futhi adinga isakhiwo seamplifier esizinikele noma ikhabethe elihlukile lokupholisa, ukuhlunga, nezinye izinto zokusekela.

4. Izikhulisamandla zomsakazo we-Solid-state FM: Ama-amplifiers e-Solid-state asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje, obusebenza kahle kakhulu be-transistor ukuze bunikeze ukukhulisa okuthembekile, okuphumelelayo. Ngokuvamile zikhethwa ngaphezu kwezikhulisi ze-vacuum-tube ngenxa yezidingo eziphansi zokunakekelwa, ukusebenza kahle okungcono, nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe.

5. Izikhulisi zomsindo we-FM ezisekelwe ku-Tube: Ama-amplifiers asekelwe kumashubhu asebenzisa amashubhu e-vacuum (aziwa nangokuthi ama-valve) ukuze anikeze ukukhulisa. Nakuba zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe futhi zikhiqiza ukushisa okwengeziwe, zikhethwa abanye opharetha bomsakazo ngenxa yomsindo wazo ofudumele nokukhanga kwawo kwakudala.

6. Ama-amplifiers e-Modular FM: Ama-amplifiers e-modular afika ngosayizi abahlukene namazinga wamandla futhi aklanyelwe ukushintshwa kalula noma athuthukiswe, azenze zilungele izindawo ezinezidingo zamandla ezishintshayo noma ukuhlela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izici ezithile zohlobo ngalunye lwe-FM transmitter amplifier zingahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi nokunye ukucaciswa. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zama-amplifier kungakusiza wenze isinqumo esinolwazi lapho ukhetha i-amplifier efanelekile yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.
Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa izikhulisa-zwi zokusakaza ze-FM ukusakaza kwezinhlobo ezahlukene?
Akunconywa ukusebenzisa isikhulisi sokusakaza somsakazo we-FM sika-A esinomshini wokusakaza we-B we-FM, njengoba singase singahambelani futhi singaholela ekulimaleni okokusebenza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abakhiqizi abahlukene bangasebenzisa imiklamo ehlukene, izindinganiso, kanye nokucaciswa okuhlukile kwezikhulisi nama-transmitter abo omsakazo we-FM, okungenzeka angahambisani nomunye.

Ukusebenzisa i-amplifier engahambelani nesidlulisi kungase kubangele ikhwalithi yomsindo ephansi, ukuphazamiseka, noma ezinye izinkinga zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungabangela ukulimala kweamplifier, transmitter, noma kokubili, okungase kubangele ukulungiswa okubizayo noma izindleko zokushintshwa.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izakhi eziklanywe futhi zakhiwe umkhiqizi ofanayo njengoba zenziwa ukuthi zisebenze ndawonye futhi sezihloliwe ukuthi ziyahambisana yini. Lapho uthuthukisa izingxenye ohlelweni olukhona, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ziyahambisana nezingxenye zesistimu ezikhona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokugwema ukwehluleka kwesistimu.
Ungabona kanjani ukuthi i-FM transmitter amplifier ingeyekhwalithi ephezulu?
Kunezici ezimbalwa ezingasetshenziswa ukunquma ukuthi isikhulisamandla somsakazo we-FM sisezingeni eliphezulu yini:

1. Izinga lamandla okukhiphayo: Izikhulisamandla zokusakaza ze-FM ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza amazinga wamandla athembekile futhi azinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu noma ukuguquguquka.

2. Ukusebenza kahle: Ama-amplifiers ekhwalithi ephezulu e-FM asebenza kahle ekuguquleni amandla okufaka abe amandla okukhipha, ehlisa inani lamandla amoshayo futhi ehlise nezindleko zokusebenza.

3. Ubuqotho besignali: Ama-amplifiers wekhwalithi ephezulu we-FM akhiqiza amasiginali ahlanzekile, azinzile, futhi angahlanekezeli ahlangabezana nemithetho ye-FCC namazinga omkhakha.

4. Ukuqina nokuthembeka: Ama-amplifiers wekhwalithi ephezulu we-FM akhiwe ngezinto zokwakha ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ezikwazi ukumelana nezindawo ezinokhahlo neminyaka yokusebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo.

5. Izici ezithuthukile: Izikhulisa-zwi zokusakaza ze-FM zekhwalithi ephezulu zingafaka izici ezithuthukile njengokulawula ukuzuza okuzenzakalelayo, izinga lokushisa nokuvikelwa kwamandla, namandla okulawula kude.

6. Iwaranti nokwesekwa: Izikhulisi zokusakaza zomsakazo we-FM ezisezingeni eliphezulu zivame ukusekelwa iwaranti yomkhiqizi nokusekelwa okuhle kakhulu kwamakhasimende, okuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izinkinga zingaxazululwa ngokushesha.

Kubalulekile ukucwaninga futhi uqhathanise izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamamodeli we-FM transmitter amplifiers ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Ukwengeza, ukufunda izibuyekezo ezivela kwabanye abasebenzisi kanye nokubonisana nochwepheshe bemboni kungasiza ekutholeni ikhwalithi yezikhulisi zokusakaza zomsakazo we-FM.
Kungani i-amplifier yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-FM ibalulekile?
Isikhulisi sekhwalithi ephezulu somsakazo we-FM sibalulekile ekusakazeni ngoba siletha amasiginali ahlanzekile, azinzile, futhi anamandla angafinyelela izethameli ezibanzi, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka noma ukuhlanekezela. Ukusebenza kwesikhulisi se-FM transmitter kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokusakaza okulalelwayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha i-amplifier yekhwalithi ephezulu engahlangabezana nezidingo zakho.

Lapho ukhetha i-FM transmitter amplifier engcono kakhulu, cabangela lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

1. Okukhipha amandla: Khetha i-amplifier ehlinzeka ngokukhipha amandla okufanelekile ngezidingo zakho. Lokhu kungase kuncike ezintweni ezinjengosayizi wendawo yokusakaza, isicelo esithile, nanoma yimiphi imithethonqubo noma imikhawulo engasebenza.

2. Ibanga lemvamisa: Qiniseka ukuthi ububanzi befrikhwensi yesikhulisi bufana nebhendi yefrikhwensi ohlose ukusakaza kuyo, nokuthi buhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimfuneko zokulawula zokukhishwayo noma amazinga wamandla.

3. Ukusebenza kahle: Khetha i-amplifier eyonga amandla, njengoba lokhu kungasiza ukwehlisa izindleko zokusebenza kanye nokwehla kwekhabhoni.

4. Ukuqina nokuthembeka: Bheka i-amplifier eyakhiwe ngezinsimbi zekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi inikeza isivikelo esiqinile emonakalweni wezinga lokushisa, umswakama, nezinye izici zemvelo.

5. Izici ezithuthukile: Khetha i-amplifier efaka izici ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokulawula ukuzuza okuzenzakalelayo, izinga lokushisa nokuvikelwa kwamandla, namandla okulawula kude, ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokunciphisa ubungozi bokuhluleka kwemishini.

6. Inani kanye newaranti: Cabangela intengo ye-amplifier kanye newaranti enikezwe umenzi, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izindleko ze-amplifier zimelela inani elihle lezici nokusebenza okunikeziwe.

Ekugcineni, isikhulisi somsakazo esingcono kakhulu se-FM sizoncika ezidingweni zakho ezithile, ikhwalithi yeamplifier ongathanda ukuyithenga, kanye nesabelomali sakho. Kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo ngezinketho ezitholakalayo futhi uxhumane nochwepheshe bemboni abanolwazi ukusiza ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi.
Ungasikhetha kanjani i-FM transmitter amplifer yokusakaza?
Lapho ukhetha i-FM transmitter amplifier yesidluliseli somsakazo we-FM, izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe izinga lamandla lesidlulisi, ibanga lemvamisa, kanye nokuhambisana nemishini ekhona. Nansi indlela yokukhetha ama-amplifiers ahlukene omsakazo we-FM ama-transmitter omsakazo we-FM onamazinga ahlukene wamandla:

1. Nquma izinga lamandla lesithumeli esikhona: Izinga lamandla we-amplifier kufanele lihambisane namandla okukhiphayo wesidlulisi esikhona. Udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amandla aphumayo esikhulisi ahlangabezana nezidingo zokulawula zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza nokuthi awekho ngaphansi noma ngaphezu kwamazinga ashiwo.

2. Ibanga lemvamisa: Khetha i-amplifier esebenza kubhendi yefrikhwensi ohlose ukusakaza kuyo futhi elungele ububanzi befrikhwensi esetshenziswa umthumeli wakho we-FM.

3. Ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka: Bheka ama-amplifiers asebenza kahle kakhulu, ahlanekezela kancane, futhi anikeza amandla okukhiphayo athembekile futhi azinzile.

4. Ikhwalithi yezingxenye: Khetha i-amplifier eyakhiwe ngezici zekhwalithi ephezulu nezinto ezikwazi ukumelana nezindawo ezinokhahlo.

5. Izici ezithuthukile: Khetha i-amplifier efaka izici ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokulawula ukuzuza okuzenzakalelayo, izinga lokushisa nokuvikelwa kwamandla, namandla okulawula okude, angasiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokunciphisa ubungozi bokuhluleka kwesisetshenziswa.

6. Isabelomali: Setha ibhajethi yeamplifier oyidingayo ukuze uyithenge bese ukhetha iamplifier enikeza inani elikhulu ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi noma ukusebenza.

Kafushane, ukukhetha ama-amplifier ahlukene omsakazo we-FM ama-transmitter omsakazo we-FM anamazinga ahlukene wamandla kuhlanganisa ukukhetha i-amplifier ehambisana nemishini ekhona, esebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele lemvamisa, isebenza kahle futhi inokwethenjelwa, futhi inikeza izici ezidingekayo kwisabelomali esenza umqondo.
Senziwa futhi sifakwe kanjani i-FM transmitter amplifier?
Isikhulisi se-FM transmitter sidlula enqubweni kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwayo kuye ekufakweni kokugcina ngaphakathi komshicileli we-FM. Nakhu ukubuka konke kwenqubo:

1. Idizayini nobunjiniyela: Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yokukhiqiza yisigaba sokuklama nobunjiniyela. Lokhu kuhilela ukunquma ukucaciswa nezimfuneko zeamplifier, okuhlanganisa ububanzi bemvamisa yaso, ukuphuma kwamandla, nokusebenza kahle.

2. Ukuthola ingxenye: Ngemva kokuklama, i-amplifier ithola izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezidingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe i-amplifier. Izingxenye zingafaka izinto eziphikisayo, ama-capacitor, ama-inductors, amadivayisi asebenzayo njengama-transistors, nezinye izingxenye ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwesikhulisi.

3. Umhlangano Webhodi Lesifunda Eliphrintiwe (PCB): Ibhodi lesifunda lihlanganiswa ngokungeza izingxenye kusetshenziswa okokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo futhi ibhodi lidlula ekuhlolweni kokusebenza.

4. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesikhulisi: Ngemuva kwalokho, inqubo yokuhlanganisa ye-amplifier iqala, lapho izingxenye ezincane nama-PCB ngamanye ahlanganiswa ukuze akhe amamojula aphelele we-amplifier.

5. Ukuhlolwa: I-amplifier ihlolelwa ukusebenza kwayo, okuhlanganisa inzuzo, impendulo yemvamisa, amazinga okuhlanekezela okuvumelanayo, namanye amapharamitha.

I-6. Ikhwalithi yokulawula: Kulesi sigaba, sonke isikhulisi sivivinywa kabanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi sihlangabezana nakho konke okucacisiwe futhi sihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokulawula.

7. Ukukhiqiza nokupakisha: Ngemuva kokuthi i-amplifier iphumelele izivivinyo zokulawula ikhwalithi, ikhiqizwa ngezinga elikhulu futhi ihlanganiswe ukuze ithunyelwe.

8. Ukuthumela nokulethwa: Ama-amplifiers abe esethunyelwa kubasabalalisi noma ngokuqondile kumakhasimende.

9. Ukufakwa nokuhlanganisa: Ngemuva kokulethwa, i-amplifier iyafakwa futhi ihlanganiswe kumshicileli we-FM. Le nqubo ingase ihilele ukubuyisela izingxenye ezindala noma eziphukile kusidlulisi ngezintsha noma ukufaka imojuli ye-amplifier kusidlulisi.

10. Ukuhlola Nokumisa: Isikhulisi siyahlolwa futhi bese siyalungiselelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sisebenza ngendlela efanele kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphuma kwamaza omsakazo.

11. Ukuhlola Okokugcina: Ngaphambi kokufakwa enkonzweni, i-amplifier idlula ekuhlolweni kokugcina ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlanganiswe kahle kusidlulisi futhi ilungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa kokugcina.

12. Isitifiketi se-FCC: Okokugcina, isidluliseli se-FM sithola isitifiketi se-FCC nokuhlolwa kokuthobelana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi sithobela imithetho nezindinganiso ze-FCC ezingeni lamandla okukhiphayo kanye nobubanzi bemvamisa, kanye nokuthola ukugunyazwa okudingekayo ukuze kusebenze kumaza omoya.

Sengiphetha, inqubo yokukhiqiza nokufaka isikhulisi se-FM transmitter iyinkimbinkimbi enokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi nokulawula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo onokwethenjelwa uhlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso zokulawula.
Usigcina kanjani kahle isikhulisi se-FM transmitter?
Ukugcina isikhulisi se-FM transmitter kubalulekile ukusigcina sisebenza ngokwethembeka nangempumelelo. Nawa amanye amathiphu okugcina kahle i-amplifier yomsakazo we-FM:

1. Kugcine kuhlanzekile: Gcina i-amplifier, ifeni, nezinye izakhi zihlanzekile futhi zingenalo uthuli, imfucumfucu, nokunye ukungcola. Ungasebenzisa ibhulashi elomile, elithambile noma i-compressor yomoya.

2. Hlola bese ushintsha izingxenye njengoba kudingeka: Njalo hlola izakhi ukuze uhlole izimpawu zokuguga, bese ubuyisela izinto ezilimele, ezigugile, noma ezingasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlola amamojula we-amplifier, ukunikezwa kwamandla, isistimu yokupholisa, nezinye izingxenye.

3. Bheka amazinga okushisa namandla: Gada amazinga okushisa namandla ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isikhulisi sisebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lokusebenza eliphephile. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-amplifier futhi kunwebe ubude bayo bempilo.

4. Qaphela imithetho nemithetho ye-FCC: Qinisekisa ukuthi ububanzi befrikhwensi yokuphuma kwesikhulisi kanye nezinga lamandla kuthobela imithetho nemithetho ye-FCC. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqonda ukwabiwa kwemvamisa kanye nemikhawulo yamandla ebekwe kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.

5. Yenza izinqubo zokulungisa ezijwayelekile: Landela izinqubo zokulungisa ezichazwe kubhukwana lemiyalo le-amplifier, elingafaka imvamisa yokuphatha kanye nokushuna kwamandla okukhipha isikhulisi, ukuhlolwa, nokuhlola ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle.

6. Sebenzisa izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu: Sebenzisa izingxenye ezishintshayo zekhwalithi ephezulu kunoma yikuphi ukulungiswa okudingekayo noma ukushintshwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-amplifier isebenza ngezimo ezifanele.

7. Yenza ukuhlola nokulinganisa njalo: Yenza ukulinganisa nokuhlola njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isikhulisi sisebenza ngendlela efanele futhi sikhiqiza amasignali ekhwalithi ephezulu nacacile.

Ngokugcina isikhulisi sesikhulisi se-FM ngala mathiphu, unganciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, uqinisekise ukuthi sisebenza kahle, futhi wandise isikhathi sempilo sesikhulisi. Ukugcinwa okuvamile nokuhlola kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle noma izinkinga zingabonakala ngokushesha futhi zilungiswe.
Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa i-amplfier yamandla aphansi we-FM yokusakaza amandla aphezulu omsakazo we-FM futhi ngani?
Cha, awukwazi ukusebenzisa isikhulisi sokudlulisa amandla esine-FM esinamandla aphansi ukuze uthole isidlulisi samandla aphezulu we-FM ngoba isikhulisi asiklanyelwe ukuphatha amandla aphezulu okukhipha amandla aphezulu. Imojuli ye-amplifier yamandla aphansi ingashisa kakhulu, yehluleke, futhi ibangele umonakalo kusidlulisi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhulisi samandla aphansi ngeke sihlangabezane nezidingo zokulawula zokusakaza kwamandla e-FM aphezulu. Amandla okukhipha aphezulu adinga ama-transistors amakhudlwana namasinki okushisa, kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezifanele, ukuze kugcinwe izimo zokusebenza ezifanele. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa, i-amplifier ngeke iphathe kahle futhi ngokuthembekile amandla aphezulu okukhipha kanye nezidingo zokuthobelana. Ama-ejensi alawulayo abeka imikhawulo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ukusakazwa kwe-FM akuphazamisi okunye ukusakaza nokuthi okokusebenza kuphephile ukusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa i-amplifier yamandla aphansi esikhundleni se-amplifier yamandla aphezulu enamandla amakhulu okukhiphayo kungaphula imithetho futhi kuholele ekuhlawulisweni nasezijezisweni ezinkulu.

Ekugcineni, lapho ukhetha i-amplifier yesidluliseli se-FM, amandla okukhipha isikhulisi kufanele afane namandla okukhipha isidlulisi. Ngokukhetha i-amplifier efanelekile ehlangabezana nezidingo zokulawula zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile, uqinisekisa ukuthi i-amplifier isebenza ngokwethembeka, futhi isiza ukukhiqiza amasignali amaza omsakazo wekhwalithi ephezulu nangenaziphazamiso afinyelela izethameli ezihlosiwe.
Ngingasebenzisa i-amplfier yokudlulisa amandla e-FM ephezulu kuma-transmitter aphansi we-FM futhi ngani?
Ukusebenzisa isikhulisi sokudlulisa amandla se-FM esinamandla aphezulu kusidlulisi samandla aphansi we-FM kungase kungabi umkhuba ohamba phambili ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nasi isizathu:

1. Izindleko: Izikhulisamandla eziphezulu zivame ukubiza kakhulu futhi zisebenzisa amandla amaningi kunamayunithi amandla aphansi. Ukusebenzisa isikhulisi samandla aphezulu kusidlulisi samandla aphansi kungase kubangele izindleko ezingadingekile zokuthenga nokusebenzisa iyunithi yamandla ephakeme.

2. Ukusebenza kahle: Isikhulisi samandla aphezulu siklanyelwe ukusebenza nesidlulisi samandla aphezulu, okusho nakanjani ukuthi isidlulisi samandla aphansi singase singasebenzi ngamandla aso aphezulu. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwamandla okukhiphayo we-amplifier, ukusebenza kahle kwaso kuzoba kumazinga aphansi wamandla okusebenza. Umphumela uba i-amplifier engasebenzi kahle kakhulu emosha amandla ekuguquleni amandla okukhiphayo aphansi abe amandla aphezulu okukhiphayo.

3. Ukuhambisana: Isikhulisi samandla aphezulu singase singahlangabezani nezidingo zokulawula zokusakaza kwamandla e-FM aphansi, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni nasekuphuleni imithetho.

4. Ukuguga kanye nezinyembezi: Ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwesikhulisi samandla aphezulu kuphinda kufinyeze ubude bayo bempilo njengoba amayunithi ayakhelwe ukusebenza okunamandla angaphansi.

Ukuze ugweme lezi zinkinga, abakhiqizi ngokuvamile batusa ukufanisa amandla okukhiphayo wesikhulisi nezidingo zamandla okukhipha isidlulisi. Uma i-amplifier ne-transmitter ifaniswe kahle, isebenza kahle, ikhiqiza amasiginali aphezulu, nangenaziphazamiso ngokuhambisana nesiphathimandla esilawulayo sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile. Ukusebenzisa isikhulisi samandla esiphezulu esinama-transmitter amandla aphansi kungase futhi kuqede noma yimaphi amawaranti abakhiqizi futhi akunconyelwe ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwezisetshenziswa.

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    I-FMUSER INTERNATIONAL GROUP LIMITED.

    Sihlala sinikeza amakhasimende ethu imikhiqizo ethembekile nezinsizakalo ezicabangelayo.

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