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I-Digital TV Modulators

Imodula ye-TV yedijithali iyisisetshenziswa esithatha isignali yedijithali, njengesiginali ye-HDTV, bese iyiguqulela isignali ye-analog engasetshenziswa amasethi kamabonakude avamile. Isebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwezamukeli zikamabonakude zedijithali kanye nezemukeli zikamabonakude we-analogi, okuvumela zombili izinhlobo zabamukeli ukuthi zithole isignali efanayo. Imoduli ithatha isignali yedijithali, iyifake ngekhodi, bese iyishintsha ibe yifrikhwensi ehambisana nomabonakude we-analog. Isignali eshintshiwe ingase yamukelwe inoma iyiphi ithelevishini ngothi.

Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-digital TV module?
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zamamojula wedijithali we-TV zifaka ukusakaza, umabonakude wezintambo, kanye ne-IPTV. Ekusakazweni, imoduli ye-TV yedijithali iguqula isignali yedijithali isuka emthonjeni we-TV, njengesamukeli sesathelayithi, ibe isignali ye-analog engasakazwa ngamaza omoya. Kumabonakude wekhebula, imoduli ye-TV yedijithali ithatha isignali yedijithali emthonjeni we-TV, njengebhokisi lekhebula, futhi iyiguqule ibe isignali engasakazwa ngenethiwekhi yekhebula. Ku-IPTV, imoduli ye-TV yedijithali ithatha isignali yedijithali emthonjeni we-TV, njengeseva ye-IPTV, futhi iyiguqule ibe ukusakazwa kwe-IPTV okungasakazwa nge-inthanethi. Imoduli yedijithali ye-TV ingasetshenziswa futhi ukufaka ikhodi kanye nokuqopha amasignali evidiyo edijithali. Kuhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye, imoduli ithatha isignali yedijithali bese iyiguqulela kufomethi edingekayo ukuze idluliselwe.
Kungani kudingeka imodyuli ye-TV yedijithali?
Imodula ye-TV yedijithali ibalulekile ngoba iguqula isignali yedijithali ibe isignali ye-analog engasetshenziswa i-analog TV. Lokhu kuvumela ukusakazwa kwe-TV yedijithali ukuthi yamukelwe ama-TV e-analog, kwandise ububanzi bemishini engafinyelela okuqukethwe kwe-TV yedijithali.
Yimaphi amadivayisi ahlobene ne-digital TV module?
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo noma amadivaysi ahlobene angasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nemodeli ye-TV yedijithali ohlelweni olufanayo lokudlulisa luhlanganisa izimpondo, izamukeli, izikhulisamsindo, izihlukanisi, nezithuthukisi zesignali. Ama-antenna asetshenziselwa ukuthatha isignali kumthumeli futhi ayihambise kumamukeli. Umamukeli ube eseguqula isignali ibe yifomethi engacutshungulwa yimoduli. I-amplifier ikhulisa amandla esignali ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa okufanele. Isihlukanisi sihlukanisa isiginali ibe amashaneli amaningi azosatshalaliswa kubamukeli abaningi. I-booster yesignali inyusa amandla esignali ukumboza izindawo ezinkulu. Zonke lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwesignali okuthembekile nokwamukelwa.
Zingaki izinhlobo zamamojula wedijithali we-TV ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamamoduli we-TV yedijithali: I-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), I-Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), kanye ne-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). I-QAM ilungisa idatha ngokusebenzisa i-amplitude nesigaba, kuyilapho i-CDMA ne-OFDM zimodela idatha zisebenzisa amasu okusabalala kwe-spectrum. I-CDMA isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukudlulisa amasignali edijithali ngamanethiwekhi angenantambo, kuyilapho i-OFDM isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali edijithali eziteshini ezinamaxed amaningi.
Zingaki izinhlobo zama-protocal ezikhona zamamojula wedijithali we-TV?
Kunezinhlobo ezine zamaphrothokholi wemodi yedijithali ye-TV: i-MPEG-2, i-MPEG-4, i-DVB-T, ne-ATSC. I-MPEG-2 iyiphrothokholi esetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi iyahambisana nezamukeli eziningi ze-TV ezidijithali. Isekela amafomethi amaningi wevidiyo nomsindo, kanye ne-teletext, imibhalo engezansi, nezinsizakalo ezisebenzisanayo. I-MPEG-4 iyiphrothokholi entsha esekela ividiyo enencazelo ephezulu nomsindo. I-DVB-T isetshenziswa eYurophu, kanti i-ATSC isetshenziswa eNyakatho Melika.
Ungakhetha kanjani imodyuli ye-TV yedijithali ngokuya ngama-protocals?
Ukukhethwa kwemoduli ye-TV yedijithali kuncike ohlotsheni lwesiginali esakazwayo. Uma usakaza isignali ye-MPEG-2, khona-ke imoduli ye-MPEG-2 iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Uma usakaza isiginali ye-ATSC, imoduli ye-ATSC iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Kumasiginali we-QAM, imoduli ye-QAM iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Kumasiginali we-DVB-T, DVB-T2, kanye ne-ISDB-T, i-DVB-T/DVB-T2 noma imoduli ye-ISDB-T iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Ngezimpawu ze-DVB-S ne-DVB-S2, imoduli ye-DVB-S/DVB-S2 iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Ngayinye yalezi zimodeli yakhelwe ukuphatha uhlobo oluthile lwesiginali, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha elungile ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yesiginali engcono kakhulu.
Yini i-MPEG-2/MPEG-4, ATSC, QAM, DVB-T/DVB-T2, DVB-S/DVB-S2, kanye ne-ISDB-T?
I-MPEG-2/MPEG-4: I-MPEG-2 ne-MPEG-4 amakhodekhi evidiyo edijithali athuthukiswe yi-Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). Asetshenziselwa ukucindezela ividiyo nokusakazwa komsindo kube osayizi abancane ukuze kunikwe amandla ukudluliswa kwedijithali phezu kwezixhumanisi ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana. I-MPEG-2 ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ividiyo ye-DVD nokusakaza kwedijithali, kuyilapho i-MPEG-4 ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi yedijithali nokuxhumana nge-broadband. Imigomo ehlobene ihlanganisa i-H.264, okuyinguqulo entsha ye-MPEG-4, ne-VC-1, okuyifomethi ye-Microsoft esekelwe ku-MPEG-4.

I-ATSC: I-ATSC imele i-Advanced Television Systems Committee futhi iyindinganiso yedijithali yethelevishini yase-United States, Canada, Mexico, kanye neNingizimu Korea. Isekelwe kukhodekhi ye-MPEG-2 futhi ivumela ukudluliswa kwamasiginali kamabonakude wedijithali phezu kwamanethiwekhi asemhlabeni, amakhebuli, namasethelayithi. Amagama ahlobene ahlanganisa i-8VSB, okuwuhlelo lokumodulation olusetshenziswa ekusakazeni kwasemhlabeni kwe-ATSC, kanye ne-QAM, okuwuhlelo lokumodulation olusetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwekhebula le-ATSC.

I-QAM: I-QAM imele i-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation futhi iwuhlelo lokumodulation olusetshenziselwa ukusakaza ngekhebula ledijithali. I-QAM iwuhlobo lokushintshwa kwemvamisa futhi iyakwazi ukudlulisa amasignali edijithali ngamanethiwekhi ekhebula. Ivame ukusetshenziswa eNyakatho Melika futhi iwuhlelo lokumodulisa olusetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwekhebula le-ATSC.

I-DVB-T/DVB-T2: I-DVB-T ne-DVB-T2 zingamazinga okusakaza amavidiyo edijithali athuthukiswe yi-European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). Asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasiginali kamabonakude wedijithali ngamanethiwekhi asemhlabeni, amakhebuli, namasethelayithi. I-DVB-T inguqulo yasekuqaleni yezinga, kuyilapho i-DVB-T2 iyinguqulo ebuyekeziwe enikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza kahle.

I-DVB-S/DVB-S2: I-DVB-S ne-DVB-S2 zingamazinga okusakaza amavidiyo edijithali athuthukiswe yi-European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). Asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasiginali kamabonakude wedijithali ngamanethiwekhi esathelayithi. I-DVB-S inguqulo yasekuqaleni yezinga, kuyilapho i-DVB-S2 iyinguqulo ebuyekeziwe enikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza kahle.

ISDB-T: I-ISDB-T izinga lokusakazwa kwevidiyo yedijithali elakhiwe uMnyango Wezangaphakathi Nokuxhumana wase-Japan. Isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasiginali kamabonakude wedijithali phezu kwamanethiwekhi asemhlabeni, amakhebuli, namasethelayithi e-Japan, Brazil, nakwamanye amazwe. Imigomo ehlobene ihlanganisa i-ISDB-S, okuyinguqulo yesathelayithi yezinga, kanye ne-ISDB-C, okuyinguqulo yekhebula yezinga.
Ungawakhetha kanjani amamojula we-TV wedijithali angcono kakhulu? Iziphakamiso ezimbalwa...
1. Nquma uhlobo lwesimodeli oludingayo - kungaba i-analog noma idijithali.
2. Cwaninga amabhrendi namamodeli ahlukene wamamoduli futhi ufunde ukubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende ukuze uthole ukuthi iyiphi esebenza kahle kakhulu.
3. Cabangela uhlobo lwesiginali ozoyisebenzisa futhi uqinisekise ukuthi imoduli iyahambisana nayo.
4. Funda imininingwane yemoduli ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ihlangabezana nezidingo zakho.
5. Qhathanisa amanani amamoduli ahlukene ukuze uthole engcono kakhulu kubhajethi yakho.
6. Hlola iwaranti nenqubomgomo yokubuyisela yemoduli ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ithembekile.
7. Faka i-oda lakho lemoduli ehlangabezana kangcono nezidingo zakho.
Ukwengeza, kufanele futhi ukhethe amamodyuli we-TV yedijithali asekelwe ku-niche yakho, isibonelo:

1. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza:
- Bheka imodyuli enamandla aphumayo aphezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukumbozwa okuhle.
- Hlola ukunemba kwe-modulation, njengoba lokhu kuzothinta ikhwalithi yesiginali.
- Cabangela izinhlobo zokufakwayo ezingamukelwa imojuli, njenge-HDMI noma inhlanganisela.
- Bheka imoduli ene-interface esebenziseka kalula kanye nokusetha okulula.

2. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Cable TV:
- Bheka i-modulator enamandla aphumayo e-RF enhle kanye nokuhlanekezela okuphansi.
- Cabangela izinhlobo zokufakwayo ezingamukelwa imojuli, njenge-HDMI noma inhlanganisela.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi imoduli iyahambisana nesistimu ye-TV yekhebula.
- Hlola izinketho zokumisa zemoduli, njengemephu yesiteshi.

3. Ngezicelo zehhotela:
- Bheka i-modulator ene-interface esebenziseka kalula kanye nokusetha okulula.
- Cabangela izinhlobo zokufakwayo ezingamukelwa imojuli, njenge-HDMI noma inhlanganisela.
- Hlola ukunemba kwe-modulation, njengoba lokhu kuzothinta ikhwalithi yesiginali.
- Cabangela izici ezinikezwa i-modulator, njengokubethela kanye namashaneli amaningi okukhiphayo.
Yiziphi izicaciso ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthenga imoduli ye-TV yedijithali?
Ukucaciswa okubaluleke kakhulu kwemoduli ye-TV yedijithali kufaka:
- Okokufaka kwevidiyo: Lolu uhlobo lokufakwayo kwevidiyo ye-analog noma yedijithali eyamukelwa imoduli.
- Imvamisa Yokuphuma: Lena imvamisa yesiginali ekhiqizwa yimoduli.
- Amandla Okukhiphayo: Lawa amandla esiginali akhishwa yimoduli.
- Umkhawulokudonsa: Lona uhla lwamafrikhwensi imoduli ekwazi ukuwadlulisela.
- Ukukhethwa Kwesiteshi: Leli yikhono lemoduli lokukhetha nokushintsha phakathi kwamashaneli amaningi.
- Okokufaka Komsindo: Lolu uhlobo lokufakwayo komsindo we-analog noma wedijithali olwamukelwa imoduli.

Eminye imininingwane ebalulekile ifaka:
- Uhlobo Lokushintshashintshashintshashintshashintshayo: Lolu uhlobo lokuguquguquka (i-analog noma idijithali) olusekelwa imoduli.
- Umkhawulokudonsa Wesiteshi: Leli inani lomkhawulokudonsa osetshenziswa isignali eshintshiwe.
- Umfanekiso Womsindo: Lesi isilinganiso senani lomsindo ongafuneki okhona kusiginali.
- Ukunikezwa kwamandla: Lokhu ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla okudingwa yimoduli.
- Ukuhlanganisa: Leli yikhono lemoduli yokuhlanganisa amasiginali amaningi abe yinye.
- Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokulawula: Lolu uhlobo lwesixhumi esibonakalayo esisetshenziswa ukulawula imodemu.
- Okukhipha Monitor: Lokhu okukhiphayo kumoduli evumela umsebenzisi ukuthi aqaphe isiginali.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zamamojula wedijithali we-TV ngaphezu kwabanye?
Izinzuzo zamamojula wedijithali we-TV ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zehadiwe:

1. Amamojula we-TV yedijithali ahlinzeka ngekhwalithi yesiginali engcono kunezimojula ze-analog, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwesithombe nekhwalithi yomsindo.
2. Izimoduli ze-TV yedijithali zisebenza kahle kakhulu, zivumela iziteshi eziningi kumkhawulokudonsa ofanayo.
3. Amamojula we-TV yedijithali kulula ukuwalungiselela, okuwenza afanelekele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza.
4. Izimoduli ze-TV yedijithali zingamukela amanani edatha aphezulu, okuvumela ulwazi olwengeziwe ukuthi lufakwe kusiginali ngayinye.
5. Amamojula we-TV yedijithali akulula ukuthi angaphazanyiswa nomsindo, okuholela esignali ethembeke kakhudlwana.
6. Amamojula we-TV yedijithali abiza kakhulu, njengoba adinga ukulungiswa okuncane kanye nezingxenye ezimbalwa.
7. Izimoduli ze-TV yedijithali zinikeza ukufinyelela ezicini ezithuthuke kakhulu, ezifana nokuphindaphinda, ukubethela kwesignali, nokuminyanisa isignali.
Busho ukuthini ubuningi besiteshi (isb. 4 noma 8-channel) kumamoduli we-TV yedijithali?
Amashaneli angu-4 kanye namashaneli angu-8 abhekisela enanini lamasiginali imoduli ye-TV yedijithali engawacubungula futhi ayidlulise. Ngokuvamile, uma imojuli inamashaneli amaningi, kulapho ikwazi ukuphatha amasignali amaningi. Lapho ukhetha phakathi kwamashaneli ahlukene emodeli ye-TV yedijithali, kufanele ucabangele inani lamasignali ozowathumela kanye nenani lomkhawulokudonsa olidingayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amasignali akho adluliswa ngendlela efanele.
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