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Ikhebula le-RF Coaxial

Intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-coax cable, iwuhlobo lwekhebula elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali efrikhwensi yomsakazo isuka kwelinye iphuzu iye kwelinye. Iqukethe umqhubi wesikhungo sethusi ozungezwe ungqimba oluvikelayo, isihlangu esilukiwe, nejazi langaphandle. Intambo ye-coaxial idizayinelwe ukuthi ibe nokubambezeleka okufanayo ngobude bayo, ngokuvamile okungu-50 ohms noma 75 ohms, okufaniswa nokuthikamezeka kwedivayisi exhuma kukho.
 
Ikhondatha emaphakathi iphethe isignali, kuyilapho isihlangu esilukiwe sisebenza njengendawo ephansi futhi sinikeza isivikelo ekuphazamisekeni kwangaphandle. Isendlalelo se-insulating phakathi kwe-conductor emaphakathi nesihlangu esilukiweyo siklanyelwe ukugcina isikhala esilungile phakathi kwakho kokubili, okubalulekile ekugcineni i-impedance yesici sekhebula.

 
Ikhebula le-coaxial lisebenza ngokudlulisa amasignali amaza aphezulu eduze kwekhondatha emaphakathi, edala inkambu kazibuthe. Le nkambu ibe isihlanganiswa nesihlangu esilukiwe, esisebenza njengenhlabathi futhi sivumele isignali ukuthi ibuyele kumthombo. Ukuvikela futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kweminye imithombo.
 
Amakhebuli angama-coaxial avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi umabonakude wekhebula, inethiwekhi yamakhompyutha, kanye nezokuxhumana. Zibuye zisetshenziswe ezintweni ezisebenza ngamaza aphezulu njengomsakazo kanye nezinti zemicrowave.

 

Kunamagama afanayo amaningana we-RF coaxial cable, okuhlanganisa:

 

  • Ikhebula le-Coax
  • Ikhebula le-coaxial
  • Intambo ye-RF
  • Ikhebuli ye-Antenna
  • Ulayini wokudlulisa
  • Ikhebula lesignali 
  • I-feedline
  • Ikhebuli yokusakaza
  • Ikhebuli engu-50-ohm (ibhekisela ekuthintekeni kwesici sekhebuli)
  • Ikhebuli engu-75-ohm (ibhekisela ekuthintekeni kwesici sekhebuli)

 

Lawa magama avame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana ukuze abhekisele ohlotsheni olufanayo lwekhebula elisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zefrikhwensi yomsakazo, okuhlanganisa iziteshi zomsakazo we-FM, ukusakazwa komabonakude, amanethiwekhi amaselula, nezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana.

Imaphi amagama ajwayelekile ezintambo ze-RF coaxial?
Ngezansi amagama ajwayelekile ahlobene nezintambo ze-RF coaxial, kanye nezincazelo zawo:

1. Isixhumi se-Coaxial: Kuwuhlobo lwesixhumi sikagesi esisetshenziswa ukuxhuma izintambo ezimbili ezingama-coaxial. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezixhumi ze-coaxial, njenge-BNC, i-SMA, uhlobo lwe-N, nezixhumi zohlobo luka-F. Uhlobo ngalunye lwesixhumi lunezici zalo ngokuya nge-impedance, ububanzi befrikhwensi, namandla okubamba amandla.

2.Impedance: Kuwukumelana nokugeleza kwamandla kagesi kusekethe. Ezintamboni ze-RF coaxial, impedance ivezwa ngama-ohms (Ω) futhi ngokuvamile i-50 noma 75 ohms. I-impedance yentambo ye-coaxial kufanele ifane nokuvinjelwa kwedivayisi exhuma kuyo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukubonakaliswa kwesignali nokulahlekelwa kungenzeka.

3. Ibanga Lemvamisa: Iwuhlu lwamafrikhwensi intambo ye-coaxial engawadlulisela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwesignali okuphawulekayo. Ibanga lokuvama kwekhebula eliqinile lincike ekwakhiweni nasekukhiweni kwalo, futhi livamise ukuvezwa ngamayunithi e-GHz (Gigahertz).

4. Ukunciphisa: Iwukuncishiswa kwamandla esignali njengoba ihamba ngentambo ye-coaxial. Ukunciphisa kuvezwa ngama-decibel ngobude beyunithi ngayinye (dB/m) futhi kuncike kubuningi besiginali kanye nobude bekhebula.

5. Isivinini Sokusakaza (Vp): Kuyisivinini lapho isignali ihamba khona ngekhebuli eyi-coaxial, evezwa njengephesenti lejubane lokukhanya. I-Vp incike ezintweni ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwekhebula, futhi amanani ajwayelekile asuka ku-60% ukuya ku-90%.

6. Amandla Okuphatha: Ingamandla amakhulu intambo ye-coaxial engawadlulisela ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokulimala. Leli nani livezwa ngama-watts (W) futhi lincike ekwakhiweni kwekhebula, ukwakhiwa, kanye nemvamisa yesiginali edluliswayo.

7. Impahla yejakhethi: Iwungqimba lwangaphandle lwekhebula eliqinile futhi lenziwe ngezinto ezinikeza ukuvikeleka ezicini zemvelo njengomswakama, amakhemikhali, nokuhuzuka. Izinto ezijwayelekile zejakhethi zifaka i-PVC, i-PE, ne-Teflon.

8. I-Inner Conductor Material: Yikhondaktha emaphakathi yekhebula le-coaxial futhi ngokuvamile yenziwe ngensimbi yethusi noma ngethusi. I-Copper ihlinzeka nge-conductivity engcono kanye nokudluliselwa kwesignali, kuyilapho insimbi ehlanganiswe ngethusi isetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kudingeka khona amandla aphezulu.

9. I-Dielectric Material: Yimpahla yokuvikela ephakathi kukakhondakta omaphakathi kanye nekhondakta/isihlangu sangaphandle. Impahla ye-dielectric ibalulekile ngoba igcina isikhala esifanele phakathi kwamakhondakta amabili. I-dielectric constant kanye ne-tangent yokulahlekelwa yimingcele ebalulekile kagesi we-dielectric material. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-dielectric yi-polyethylene, i-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE/Teflon), nezinto zegwebu.

10. I-VSWR: Imele i-Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, okuyisilinganiso samandla abonisiwe esignali ngenxa yokungahambi kahle kwe-impedance. I-VSWR yoku-1:1 ibonisa ukuthi wonke amandla asuka emthonjeni alethwa emthwalweni ngaphandle kokuboniswa. Uma likhulu inani le-VSWR, amandla esignali engeziwe aboniswa emuva emthonjeni, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesignali kanye nokungasebenzi kahle.

11. Ukulahlekelwa: Ukulahleka kwentambo ye-coaxial kubhekisela enanini lamandla alahlekayo ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokumelana ne-coaxial, ukumuncwa kwe-dielectric, kanye nemisebe. Ukulahleka kwentambo ye-coaxial kuyahlukahluka ngokuvama kwesiginali kanye nobude bekhebula, futhi kuvezwa ngama-decibel ngobude beyunithi ngayinye (dB/m). Ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kwekhebula, kungcono ukudluliswa kwayo kahle.

12. Inombolo ye-RG: I-RG imele “I-Radio Guide,” okuwuchungechunge lwamakhebuli angama-coaxial afanekiselwa yi-Military Standard MIL-C-17. Lawa makhebuli akhonjwa ngezinombolo zawo ze-RG, njenge-RG58, RG59, RG213, njll., futhi inombolo ngayinye ibonisa izici ezithile zekhebula njengobubanzi, i-impedance, nohlobo lokuvikela.

13. Ukuvikela: Ukuvikela ikhebula le-coaxial kubalulekile ukuqeda ukuphazamiseka kwesignali emithonjeni yangaphandle. Uhlobo lokuvikela lungahluka ukusuka ku-foil kuye kumluko noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Amaphesenti okufakwa kwehawu nawo abalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kahle kwesivikelo.

14. Inkulumo-mpikiswano: i-cross-talk ibhekisela esenzakalweni lapho isignali evela kukhebuli eyi-coaxial iphazamisa isignali kwenye ikhebuli eyi-coaxial ehambisana nayo. Inkulumo-mpikiswano ingancishiswa ngokukhetha ngokucophelela ibanga lokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezintambo zamakhoaxial eziseduze.

15. Ukulahlekelwa Kokufaka: Inani lokulahlekelwa kwesignali okwenzeka lapho idivayisi ifakwe phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili zentambo ye-coaxial. Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka kuvezwa ngama-decibel (dB) futhi kuyahlukahluka ngohlobo lwedivayisi efakwayo kanye nebanga lemvamisa yesignali.

16. Ukuzinza kwesigaba: Ukuzinza kwesigaba sentambo ye-coaxial kubhekisela ekuzinzeni kobudlelwane besigaba phakathi kwamasignali adlulisiwe nawamukelwe. Lesi sakhiwo sibalulekile ezinhlelweni lapho ukuqina kwesigaba kubaluleke kakhulu, njengakuma-microwave kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana zamagagasi amamilimitha.

17. I-Bend Radius: Ubuncane berediyasi yokugoba yekhebula elikhoaxial ibhekisela kububanzi obuncane bokugoba ikhebula elingagotshwa ngaphandle kokuthikameze ukusebenza kwayo kukagesi. Irediyasi yokugoba iyahlukahluka ngobubanzi nokwakhiwa kwekhebula, futhi kubalulekile ukunamathela kuyo ukuze ugweme ukulimaza ikhebula futhi uthinte ukusebenza kwayo.

18. Ukudonsa Ukudonsa: Kuyingcindezi enkulu ikhebula eli-coaxial elingamelana nalo ngesikhathi lifakwa noma lisetshenziswa ngaphandle kokulimala. Ukudonsa kanzima kubalulekile ukugwema ukwelula noma ukuphula ikhebula ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

19. Ukuvimbela amanzi/Ukuqina: Amakhebuli angama-coaxial asetshenziswa ngaphandle nasezindaweni ezinokhahlo angase adinge izici ezengeziwe zokuvimbela amanzi kanye nezici zokumisa ukuze zivikeleke kumswakama, uthuli, imihuzuko, nezinye izici zemvelo. Izibonelo zalezi zici zifaka amajakhethi angangeni manzi, amagoda avikelayo, namabhuzu okuvala uphawu.

20. Izinga lokushisa: Izinga lokushisa lekhebula eliqinile libhekisela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye naphansi lapho ikhebula lingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwawo kukagesi. Isilinganiso sezinga lokushisa kubalulekile ukucatshangelwa lapho kukhethwa intambo ye-coaxial ezosetshenziswa ezindaweni ezishisayo.

Sengiphetha, la magama asetshenziswayo abalulekile ekuqondeni izici nokusebenza kwentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF. Zisiza ekukhetheni uhlobo olulungile lwekhebuli ye-coaxial kuhlelo lokusebenza oluthile, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokudluliswa kwesignali, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka, nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokuphila isikhathi eside kwekhebuli.
Kungani izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zibalulekile ekusakazeni umsakazo?
Intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF iyadingeka ekusakazeni ngoba inikeza izindlela ezithembekile neziphumelelayo zokudlulisa amasignali efrikhwensi yomsakazo isuka emthonjeni iye endaweni okuyiwa kuyo ebangeni elide. Intambo ye-coaxial yekhwalithi ephezulu ibalulekile ohlelweni lwe-antenna yokusakaza emsakazweni ngoba isiza ukufeza ukusebenza kahle nekhwalithi yokudlulisa isignali.

Ekusakazweni komsakazo, izinga lomsakazo libaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uhlelo lwamukelwa ngokucacile ngabalaleli. Ikhwalithi yesiginali ithintwa izinto ezahlukahlukene njengokucabangisisa, ukuncipha, nokuphazamiseka. Ukusetshenziswa kwentambo ye-coaxial yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-RF kusiza ekunciphiseni le miphumela futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inani eliphezulu lamandla esignali lilethwa kumthumeli naku-antenna.

Intambo ye-coaxial yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-RF inezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zesistimu ye-antenna yokusakaza yomsakazo:

1. Ukulahlekelwa Okuphansi: Ikhebula le-coaxial yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-RF inezici zokulahlekelwa eziphansi ezinciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ngenxa yokunciphisa nokubonisa. Lokhu kubangela ikhwalithi yesiginali ethuthukisiwe kanye nobubanzi, okubalulekile ekusakazeni komsakazo.

2. Ukufanisa Impedans: Ukusetshenziswa kwentambo yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-coaxial ene-impedance efanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi okukhiphayo ku-transmitter kufaniswa nokuvinjwa kohlelo lwe-antenna, okwandisa ukudluliswa kwamandla esignali.

3. Ukuvikela: Intambo yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-RF coaxial ivikelwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka okuvela emithonjeni yangaphandle enjengomsindo kagesi, imisebe kazibuthe kagesi, namanye amasignali e-RF angase athinte ikhwalithi yokusakaza.

4. Ukuqina: Intambo yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-RF coaxial yakhelwe ukumelana nobunzima bendawo yokusakaza yobungcweti, okuhlanganisa ukuchayeka ezimweni zezulu, imihuzuko, nezinye izingcindezi zomzimba.

Sekukonke, ukusetshenziswa kwentambo ye-coaxial yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-RF kubalulekile ohlelweni lwe-antenna lokusakaza emsakazweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kokudluliswa kwesiginali, ukwethembeka, kanye nekhwalithi yesiginali.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile ze-RF coaxial cables?
Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zinezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Ngezansi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zezintambo ze-RF coaxial:

1. Ezokuxhumana: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-telecom zokudlulisa amasignali amaza aphezulu phakathi kwamadivayisi afana nezinti nama-transceivers.

2. Ukusakaza: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ukuze kuxhunywe isidlulisi ku-antenna, okuvumela ukudluliswa kwamasignali ekhwalithi ephezulu ebangeni elide.

3. GPS kanye Navigation: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF ziyingxenye ebalulekile ye-Global Positioning System (GPS) nezinye izinhlelo zokuzulazula, ezisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali phakathi kwezimpondo nezizamukeli.

4. Amasosha kanye Nemkhathi: Ezinhlelweni zezempi nezasemoyeni, izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukahlukene njengamasistimu e-radar, amasistimu okuxhumana, nezinhlelo zesathelayithi.

5. Ezokwelapha: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa emisebenzini yezokwelapha njengemishini yokuskena ye-MRI, lapho zisetshenziselwa khona ukudlulisa amasignali phakathi kwezimpondo kanye nabamukeli.

6. Izimboni: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimboni njengezinzwa, amasistimu ezishintshayo, nezinhlelo zokulawula, lapho zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali okulawula nedatha phakathi kwamadivayisi.

7. Ukuhlolwa Nesikali: Izintambo ze-RF coaxial zisetshenziswa ekuhloleni nasekulinganiseni izicelo ezifana nama-oscilloscopes, ama-spectrum analyzer, namajeneretha esignali, lapho asetshenziselwa khona ukwenza izilinganiso ezinembile nokuhlaziya amasignali.

8. Ezezimoto: Izintambo ze-RF coaxial zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimoto njengamasistimu e-radar, amasistimu wokushaja okungenantambo, nezinhlelo zokuxhuma, lapho zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali phakathi kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukahlukene emotweni.

9. I-Consumer Electronics: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zivame ukusetshenziswa ku-electronics abathengi njengama-TV, amamodemu ekhebula, nama-set-top boxes, lapho asetshenziselwa khona ukudlulisa amasignali phakathi kothi noma ikhebula nocingo.

10. Ukuvikeleka Nokugada: Izintambo ze-RF coaxial zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuphepha kanye nezokugada, njengamakhamera e-CCTV, lapho zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali evidiyo phakathi kwamakhamera namamonitha.

11. Amandla Avuselelekayo: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla elanga, lapho zisetshenziselwa khona ukudlulisa amasignali phakathi kwezinzwa nezinhlelo zokuqapha, kuqinisekiswe ukuguqulwa kwamandla ngendlela efanele.

12. Umsindo nevidiyo: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zomsindo nevidiyo ezifana nethiyetha yasekhaya, lapho zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa izimpawu zomsindo nevidiyo zekhwalithi ephezulu ebangeni elide phakathi kwemishini.

13. Amarobhothi: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamarobhothi lapho zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali okulawula nedatha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokulawula namadivayisi erobhothi.

14. Ucwaningo Nentuthuko: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zocwaningo nezokuthuthukisa, njengakumalebhu nasemanyuvesi, lapho zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali phakathi kwamathuluzi namadivayisi asetshenziswa ezifundweni zocwaningo.

Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zibalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi zesimanje, njengoba zivumela amasignali amaza aphezulu ukuthi adluliselwe ngendlela efanele nangokwethembeka ebangeni elide. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, lawa makhebuli aseya ngokuya engasindi, ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi ayavumelana nezimo, andisa uhla lwawo lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukucaciswa kwezintambo ze-RF coaxial kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza nendawo ezungezile, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile lwekhebula endaweni ethile yokusebenzisa. Ukukhetha intambo ye-RF efanele kungaqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kunciphise ukulahleka kwesignali, ekugcineni kuvumele ukudluliswa okuphumelelayo kwamasignali ekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ungakhetha kanjani izintambo ze-RF coaxial esiteshini somsakazo we-FM?
Ukukhetha intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF engcono kakhulu yokusakaza kwe-FM kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa izinga lamandla okukhipha i-transmitter, ububanzi befrikhwensi, uhlobo lwekhebula, nokuhlukaniswa kwe-antenna. Nayi eminye imihlahlandlela ejwayelekile:

1. Izinga lamandla okukhipha i-Transmitter: Izinga lamandla lesithumeli sakho lizothinta uhlobo lwekhebula olukhethayo. Izidluliseli ze-FM ezinamandla aphansi zingase zikwazi ukusebenzisa izintambo ze-RG-59 noma i-RG-6 coaxial, kuyilapho izidlulisi zamandla aphezulu zingadinga izintambo eziwugqinsi nezikhethekile kakhulu, njenge-LMR-600 noma i-Heliax.

2. Ibanga lemvamisa: Ibhendi yefrikhwensi esetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwe-FM ngokuvamile iwela phakathi kuka-88 MHz no-107 MHz. Khetha ikhebuli engakwazi ukuphatha lobu bubanzi bemvamisa futhi inikeze ukuncishiswa okuphansi ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwesignali.

3. Uhlobo lwekhebula: Khetha ikhebuli enokuphazamiseka okulungile kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Iningi lezinhlelo zokusakaza ze-FM zisebenzisa izintambo ezingu-50-ohm, nakuba ezinye izinhlelo ezindala zingasebenzisa izintambo ezingu-75-ohm.

4. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-antenna: Uhlobo lwe-antenna oyisebenzisayo luzophinde lube nomthelela ekukhethweni kwekhebula. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zama-antenna, njenge-dipoles noma izimpondo eziyisiyingi, zingadinga ubude nezinhlobo ezithile zekhebula.

5. Izici zezemvelo: Cabangela izici zemvelo lapho kuzofakwa khona ikhebula. Isibonelo, uma ikhebula lizovezwa kumswakama noma izinga lokushisa ngokweqile, khetha ikhebula elinokumelana okuphezulu kulezi zici.

6. Isabelomali: Ekugcineni, cabangela ibhajethi yakho. Ezinye izinhlobo zezintambo zingabiza kakhulu kunezinye, kodwa zinganikeza ukusebenza okungcono nokuqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuze ukhethe intambo engcono kakhulu ye-RF coaxial yokusakaza kwe-FM, thintana nochwepheshe noma unjiniyela onolwazi ngezinhlelo zokusakaza ze-FM. Bangakusiza ukuthi uhlole izidingo zakho ezithile bese ukhetha ikhebula elizohlangabezana kangcono nezidingo zakho.

Imininingwane yekhebula edingekayo izoncika emandleni nebanga lefrikhwensi yesiteshi somsakazo. Ngezansi kunezincomo zokukhetha izintambo ze-RF coaxial zamandla aphansi, amandla aphakathi nendawo, kanye neziteshi zomsakazo ezinamandla aphezulu we-FM:

Isiteshi Somsakazo We-FM Amandla Aphansi

Isiteshi somsakazo esinamandla aphansi we-FM sivamise ukuba namandla asukela ku-0.1 kuye kwayi-10 watts. Esiteshini esinjalo, intambo ye-coaxial yokulahlekelwa okuphansi enezivikelo ezinhle kanye nobubanzi bemvamisa ephakathi (kufika ku-150 MHz) ingasetshenziswa. Ikhebula elinconyiwe lesiteshi samandla aphansi yikhebula le-RG-58 eline-impedance engu-50 Ohm. Lolu hlobo lwekhebula luyathengeka, kulula ukulufaka, futhi lunikeza isivikelo esanele, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu eziteshini zomsakazo ze-FM ezinamandla aphansi. Ingaxhunywa kusetshenziswa i-BNC noma isixhumi sohlobo lwe-F, kuye ngesisetshenziswa esisetshenziswayo.

Isiteshi somsakazo we-Medium Power FM

Isiteshi somsakazo esinamandla aphakathi nendawo sivamise ukuba namandla asukela ku-watts ayi-10 kuye kwayi-100. Esiteshini esinjalo, ikhebula le-coaxial elinokulahlekelwa okuphansi, ukuvikela okuhle, kanye nebanga lemvamisa ephezulu (kufika ku-500 MHz) kufanele kusetshenziswe. Ikhebula elinconyiwe lesiteshi samandla esimaphakathi ikhebula le-RG-213 eline-impedance engu-50 Ohm. Le ntambo inokulahlekelwa okuphansi kune-RG-58, ethuthukisa ikhwalithi isiyonke yesiginali. I-RG-213 ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla amaphakathi njengoba ikwazi ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu amandla futhi iza nobubanzi bekhondatha obubaluleke kakhulu. Ingaxhunywa kusetshenziswa isixhumi se-PL-259.

High Power FM Radio Station

Isiteshi somsakazo esinamandla aphezulu we-FM sivamise ukuba namandla asukela ku-100 kuye kwangaphezulu kwama-watts ayi-10,000. Esiteshini esinjalo, kufanele kusetshenziswe ikhebula le-coaxial elinokulahlekelwa okuphansi, ukuvikela okuhle kakhulu, kanye nebanga lemvamisa ephezulu (kufika ku-1000 MHz). Ikhebula elinconyiwe lesiteshi samandla aphezulu ikhebula le-LMR-400 eline-impedance engu-50 Ohm. Le ntambo ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okungcono kakhulu nokulahlekelwa okuphansi ngokugijima kwekhebula elide. Ikhebuli ye-LMR-400 yakhelwe ukuphatha amazinga aphezulu amandla futhi inobubanzi bekhondatha obukhulu kakhulu kunakho kokubili i-RG-58 ne-RG-213. Ingaxhunywa kusetshenziswa isixhumi sohlobo lwe-N.

Ngobude, ubude bekhebula kufanele bugcinwe bufushane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwesignali. Lapho kunqunywa ubude bekhebula elidingekayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ibanga phakathi kwesidlulisi kanye ne-antenna, ukuphuma kwamandla kwesidlulisi, nezici zekhebula ezithile.

Ubude bentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF esetshenziswa esiteshini somsakazo we-FM nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo luncike ezintweni ezimbalwa njengebanga eliphakathi komthumeli nothi, ububanzi befrikhwensi, ukuphuma kwamandla, kanye nokucaciswa kwekhebula.

Imvamisa, izintambo ezingama-coaxial ziza ngobude obuhlukahlukene obujwayelekile ukusuka kumayintshi ambalwa ukuya kumafidi angamakhulu ambalwa. Ubude obuvame kakhulu bezintambo ze-RF coaxial ezisetshenziswa eziteshini zomsakazo we-FM ngokuvamile zingamafidi angama-50, amafidi ayi-100, amafidi angama-150, namafidi angama-200. Obunye ubude obujwayelekile bezintambo zamakhoaxial ezisetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza buhlanganisa amafidi angu-3, ​​amafidi angu-6, amafidi angu-10, amafidi angu-25, namafidi angu-500.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ubude bentambo ye-coaxial bungathinta amandla esignali. Izintambo ezinde ezinokulahlekelwa okuphezulu ziphumela esignali ebuthakathaka, kuyilapho izintambo ezimfishane ezinokulahlekelwa okuncane ziphumela esignali enamandla. Kanjalo, ngokuvamile kuyanconywa ukugcina ubude bentambo ye-coaxial bufushane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwesignali futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kukonke.

Kafushane, lapho ukhetha intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF yesiteshi somsakazo esinamandla aphansi we-FM, kunconywa intambo ye-RG-58. Esiteshini somsakazo esinamandla aphakathi nendawo, kunconywa ikhebula le-RG-213, futhi esiteshini somsakazo esinamandla amakhulu we-FM, kunconywa intambo ye-LMR-400. Ukuphazamiseka, ukuvikela, ibanga lemvamisa, kanye nomthamo omkhulu wokubamba amandla kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa ikhebula. Izinhlobo zezixhumi ezifanele nazo kufanele zisetshenziswe, okuhlanganisa i-BNC, F, PL-259, kanye no-N, ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo.

Uhlobo lwentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF ezosetshenziselwa isiteshi somsakazo we-FM inquma uhlobo lwesixhumi esizosetshenziswa. Ngezansi kunezinhlobo zokuxhuma ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zezintambo ezinconyiwe ze-RF coaxial zamandla aphansi, amandla aphakathi nendawo, kanye neziteshi zomsakazo we-FM ezinamandla aphezulu:

1. Ikhebuli ye-RG-58: Eziteshini zomsakazo ze-FM ezinamandla aphansi, intambo enconyiwe ye-RF coaxial ithi RG-58. Izinketho zokuxhuma ezivame kakhulu zezintambo ze-RG-58 izixhumi ze-BNC nohlobo lwe-F. Isixhumi se-BNC sivame ukusetshenziswa kwezokuxhumana ngomsakazo futhi kulula ukusixhuma nokunqamula. Isixhumi sohlobo lwe-F sivame ukusetshenziswa ekufakweni komsindo nevidiyo ekhaya futhi kulula ukuyifaka.

2. Ikhebuli ye-RG-213: Eziteshini zomsakazo we-FM ezinamandla amaphakathi, intambo enconyiwe ye-RF coaxial ithi RG-213. Inketho yesixhumi esivame kakhulu sezintambo ze-RG-213 isixhumi se-PL-259. Lesi sixhumi sivame ukusetshenziswa kwezokuxhumana ze-RF futhi sinezici ezinhle zikagesi nezemishini. Kulula ukuyifaka futhi inokuxhumana okuphephile.

3. Ikhebuli ye-LMR-400: Eziteshini zomsakazo ezinamandla aphezulu we-FM, intambo enconyiwe ye-RF coaxial yi-LMR-400. Inketho yesixhumi esivame kakhulu sezintambo ze-LMR-400 isixhumi sohlobo lwe-N. Isixhumi sohlobo lwe-N sivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-microwave ne-RF futhi sinezici ezinhle kakhulu zikagesi. Inoxhumo oluvikelekile futhi kulula ukuyifaka.

Kafushane, izinhlobo zokuxhuma ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu zezintambo ze-RG-58 izixhumi ze-BNC nezixhumi zohlobo lwe-F. Inketho yesixhumi esivame kakhulu sezintambo ze-RG-213 isixhumi se-PL-259. Inketho yesixhumi esivame kakhulu sezintambo ze-LMR-400 isixhumi sohlobo lwe-N. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izinketho zokuxhuma ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo ngokuya ngohlelo oluthile kanye nemishini esetshenzisiwe. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlobo lwesixhumi esikhethiwe luhambisana nentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF kanye nezinto zokusebenza ezoxhunywa kuso ukuze kugwenywe ukulahleka kwesignali nokulimala kwezinto zokusebenza.
Yiziphi izakhiwo ezivamile zentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF?
Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF ziqukethe izendlalelo eziningana zezinto eziklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokufakelwa, ukuvikela, nokusekelwa. Isakhiwo esijwayelekile sentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF sihlanganisa lezi zingqimba ezilandelayo ukusuka phakathi nendawo ngaphandle:

1. Umqhubi wangaphakathi: Lesi sendlalelo ngokuvamile siwucingo olulodwa lwethusi noma olusiliva oluphatha isignali futhi lusebenze njengomgogodla wekhebuli.

2. Isivikelo se-Dielectric: Eduze kwekhondakta yangaphakathi kukhona ungqimba lwento esebenza njengesivikelo sikagesi, esigcina isignali ivalelwe phakathi nendawo yekhebula. Lesi singqimba ngokuvamile senziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-polyethylene (PE), i-polyurethane (PU), noma i-Teflon (PTFE).

3. Isihlangu: Okuzungeza ungqimba lwe-dielectric yisivikelo esinikeza ukuvikeleka ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) futhi sisiza ukuqukatha isignali. Isihlangu ngokuvamile senziwe ngezintambo eziboshwe noma ezigoqelwe ngokugoqeka ezenziwe ngethusi noma nge-aluminium.

4. Umgodla Wangaphandle: Lesi sendlalelo sivikela ikhebula ekulimaleni ngokomzimba, umswakama, nezinye izici zemvelo. Izinto ezijwayelekile zomgoqo wangaphandle yi-PVC, i-polyethylene (PE), i-thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), noma izinto ezikwazi ukumelana nelangabi.

Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ukukhiqiza intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF zingahluka kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza nomkhiqizi. Isibonelo, izintambo ezilahlekelwa kancane zingasebenzisa izinto ezine-dielectric engaguquki kanye ne-attenuation, kuyilapho izintambo eziguquguqukayo zingasebenzisa izinto ezinokuguquguquka okuphezulu. Izinto ezivamile ezisetshenziswayo zifaka ithusi, isiliva, i-aluminium, i-polyethylene, i-Teflon, i-PVC, nezinye izinto ezifanele ukudluliswa kwe-high-frequency.
Yiziphi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF?
Okulandelayo ukucaciswa okubaluleke kakhulu ngokomzimba kanye ne-RF kwentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF:

1. Ukuphazamiseka kwesici: Isici se-impedance yekhebula eli-coaxial ukuvimbela okubonwa isignali ekuphumeni kwekhebula. Izithiyo ezivame kakhulu zezintambo ze-RF coaxial zingama-50 ohms nama-75 ohms, kanti ama-ohm angu-50 abe indinganiso yezinhlelo eziningi zefrikhwensi yomsakazo.

2. Ukunciphisa ikhebula: Ukunciphisa inani lokulahlekelwa kwesignali okwenzeka njengoba isignali ihamba ngekhebuli. Lapho inani lokuncishiswa liphansi, kulapho isignali edluliswa ngentambo iba namandla. Amakhebuli alahleka kancane ngokuvamile anamanani okunciphisa angaphansi kuka-1 dB ngamafidi angu-100.

3. Ibanga lemvamisa: Ububanzi befrikhwensi yekhebula elikhoaxial bubhekisela kububanzi befrikhwensi engadlulisa ngokuhlanekezela okuncane. Ububanzi befrikhwensi buncike ekwakhiweni kwekhebula, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, nokuvinjwa kwesici.

4. Isivinini sokusabalalisa: Isivinini sokusabalalisa isivinini isignali ehamba ngaso ngekhebula. Ngokuvamile ivezwa njengephesenti lejubane lokukhanya, futhi amanani aphezulu amele isivinini esisheshayo sokudlulisela.

5. Amandla: I-Capacitance yikhono lekhebula lokugcina ishaja kagesi. Inani eliphezulu le-capacitance linganciphisa ukusebenza kwekhebula ezinhlelweni ze-high-frequency ngokukhuphula ukubonakaliswa kwesignali.

6. I-voltage yokusebenza: I-voltage ephezulu ikhebula engakwazi ukuyiphatha ngaphandle kokuphuka.

7. Ukusebenza kokuvikela: Ukusebenza kokuvikela kulinganisa ikhono lesihlangu sekhebula ukuvimba ukuphazamiseka kweminye imithombo. Ngokuvamile kuvezwa ngama-decibel imitha (dB/m) futhi kuncike ezintweni zokwakha nokwakhiwa kwekhebuli.

8. Irediyasi encane yokugoba: Irediyasi encane yokugoba irediyasi encane kakhulu ikhebula elingagotshwa ngaphandle kokulimala esakhiweni noma ekusebenzeni kwayo.

9. Izixhumi: Izixhumi ziqondene ngqo nekhebuli futhi kufanele zifane nokuphazamiseka kwekhebula kanye nokucaciswa kwayo.

10. Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka: Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka inani lokulahlekelwa kwesignali okubangelwa ukufaka ingxenye, njengesixhumi noma isikhulisi, kukhebuli.

11. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza: Ububanzi bamazinga okushisa lapho ikhebula lingasebenza khona ngokwethembeka ngaphandle kokulimaza isakhiwo noma ukusebenza kwayo.

12. Amandla okuqina: Amandla aqinile yinani eliphezulu lamandla ikhebula elingamelana nalo ngaphambi kokuphuka.

13. Isisindo nokuvumelana nezimo: Lezi zici zithinta ukulula kokufaka kanye nekhono lokuphatha ikhebula ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokugcinwa.

14. Isilinganiso sokubuyiswa komlilo: Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zingase zidinge izintambo ezinesilinganiso esithile sokunqanda amalangabi ukuze zihlangabezane namakhodi nemithetho zokuphepha.

15. Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle noma kwangaphakathi: Amanye amakhebuli aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle futhi anezici ezengeziwe ezifana nokumelana ne-UV nokumelana namanzi.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ubuyekeze ngokucophelela imininingwane bese ukhetha intambo efanele ye-RF coaxial yohlelo oluthile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokwethembeka. Ukwengeza, amasu okufaka afanele nokunakekelwa okuvamile kungasiza ekweluleni isikhathi sempilo yekhebula futhi kuvimbele ukulahleka kwesignali noma ukuphazamiseka.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamakhebula e-RF coaxial?
kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezintambo ze-RF coaxial ngaphandle kwalezi ezishiwo ngenhla. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

1. RG-6: I-RG-6 ikhebula le-coaxial elingu-75-ohm elivame ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zevidiyo yedijithali nomsindo, okuhlanganisa ikhebula le-TV, i-TV yesathelayithi, nokudluliswa kwesignali ye-inthanethi. Inobubanzi obungamayintshi angu-0.27 futhi yaziwa ngokudluliswa kwayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwamasignali amaza aphezulu.

2. RG-11: I-RG-11 ikhebula le-coaxial elingu-75-ohm elisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezikude zevidiyo nezokudluliswa kwedatha. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-CATV, CCTV, kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ngesathelayithi. I-RG-11 inobubanzi obungamayintshi angu-0.41 futhi inokuncipha okungcono nokusebenza kokuvikela kune-RG-6.

3. Izintambo ezincane ze-coaxial: Izintambo ezincane ze-coaxial ziyizintambo ezinobubanzi obuncane ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho ukuguquguquka nokubamba kwamandla aphansi kubalulekile. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa kumishini yezokwelapha, izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo, kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo.

4. Amakhebuli angama-coaxial aqinile: Izintambo ze-coaxial ezingaqinile ziwuhlobo lwekhebula le-coaxial elisebenza kahle kakhulu elisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuzinza nokulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi phezu kohla lwezimo zemvelo. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa kwezempi, i-aerospace, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zemvelo ezinokhahlo.

5. Izintambo ze-Triaxial: Izintambo ze-Triaxial ziyizintambo ezintathu ze-coaxial coaxial ezisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwesignali okubangelwa amasimu angaphandle ka-electromagnetic. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa ividiyo, okokusebenza kokuhlola, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ubuqotho besignali bubalulekile.

6. Izintambo ze-Twinaxial: Amakhebuli e-Twinaxial angamakhebuli anekhondatha amabili asetshenziselwa amasignali anemvamisa ephansi ezinhlelweni lapho ukuncishiswa kwesignali nokuvikeleka komsindo kubalulekile. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa idatha zedijithali ne-analog.

7. Izintambo ze-coaxial ezivumelanayo: Izintambo eziguquguqukayo ze-coaxial ziyizintambo eziguquguqukayo, eziqinile kancane ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho ukuguquguquka kanye nokufaka kalula kubalulekile. Lezi zintambo zinokudluliswa kwesignali kwekhwalithi ephezulu futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zomsakazo we-microwave, okokusebenza kokuhlola, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

8. Superflex RF coaxial cable: I-Superflex coax ikhebula elisebenza kahle kakhulu eliyingxenye yezintambo zamakhoaxial ezilahlekelwa kancane. Nakuba yabelana ngokufana okuthile nezintambo ezishiwo ngenhla, njenge-RG-8 ne-LMR-400, ihlanganisa umklamo oyingqayizivele ovumela ukuguquguquka okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuncipha kokuqina uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo zendabuko ezilahlekelwa kancane. Inzuzo eyinhloko yezintambo ze-superflex ikhono lazo lokugoba nokusonteka kalula ngaphandle kokuthinta ikhwalithi yesignali, okuzenza zibe zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho izintambo zidinga ukuhanjiswa emakhoneni aqinile noma ezimweni lapho ukudlidliza noma ukunyakaza kungase kwenzeke. Izintambo ze-Superflex zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziphathwayo neziphathwayo, njengezimpondo zezimoto nemisakazo ephathwa ngesandla, kanye nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuguquguquka nokuhamba kubalulekile.

9. Izintambo zamakhoaxial zomugqa oqinile: Izintambo eziqinile zolayini wamakhoaxial ziwuhlobo lwekhebula eliqinile elisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla aphezulu lapho ukuncipha okuphansi kubalulekile. Lawa makhebuli ngokuvamile afaka i-conductor yangaphandle eqinile kanye nezinto eziqinile ze-dielectric, ezivumela ukuthi zilethe amasignali ekhwalithi ephezulu kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene.

10. Izintambo zeHelix: Izintambo ze-Helix ziwuhlobo lwentambo ye-coaxial esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho izinga eliphezulu lokulawula imvamisa libalulekile. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa kuyi-radio astronomy, lapho zingasetshenziswa khona ukuthola amasignali kumasathelayithi neminye imithombo ekude.

11. Amakhebula amakhoaxial anesilinganiso seplenum: Izintambo ezinama-coaxial ezinesilinganiso se-plenum ziwuhlobo lwekhebula eliqinile elidizayinelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-HVAC lapho kudingeka khona intuthu ephansi kanye nokukhishwa kobuthi obuphansi. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano, ezikoleni, nakwezinye izindawo zomphakathi.

12. VHD2000: I-VHD2000 iwuhlobo lwekhebuli ye-coaxial engu-75-ohm esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zevidiyo ezidijithali, njenge-TV echazayo ephezulu nomsindo wedijithali. Amakhebuli e-VHD2000 asebenza kahle kakhulu kagesi, futhi aziwa ngokuqina nokuthembeka kwawo.

13. I-QMA: I-QMA iwuhlobo lwesixhumi se-RF esisetshenziswa kumakhebula angama-coaxial ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezingenantambo. Lesi sixhumi sinomklamo we-snap-lock ovumela ukufakwa nokususwa kalula, okusenza silungele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho kudingeka khona ukulungiswa njalo.

14. I-SMA: I-SMA iwuhlobo lwesixhumi se-RF esivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana zomsakazo, okokusebenza kokuhlola, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zamafrikhwensi aphezulu. Lesi sixhumi sinomshini wokuhlanganisa onentambo oqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuphephile phakathi kwekhebula nezinto zokusebenza.

15. UTC: I-UTC wuhlobo lwekhebula eliqinile elivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana, i-radar, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zempi. Lezi zintambo zaziwa ngokuhlala isikhathi eside nokwethembeka, okuzenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.

16. CT-125: I-CT-125 iwuhlobo lwekhebula elingu-50-ohm coaxial elisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-RF ezidinga amandla aphezulu okubamba. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezempi kanye ne-aerospace, kanye nasezinhlelweni zokuxhumana zamaselula.

17. LMR-100: I-LMR-100 iwuhlobo lwekhebula le-coaxial elilahlekelwa kancane elingu-50-ohm elivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zefrikhwensi ephezulu ezidinga ukusebenza kahle kukagesi, njenge-WLAN, i-Wi-Fi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-GPS.

18. MIL-C-17: Lokhu ukucaciswa kwezempi kwamakhebuli angama-coaxial asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zempi kanye ne-aerospace. Izintambo ze-MIL-C-17 ziklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zokusebenza nekhwalithi, futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana zamaqhinga, amasistimu e-radar, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithembeke kakhulu.

19. RG-179: I-RG-179 iwuhlobo lwekhebula le-coaxial elingu-75-ohm elivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zevidiyo, njengamasistimu e-CCTV, nasezinhlelweni zamaza aphezulu, njengamasistimu e-GPS. Izintambo ze-RG-179 zinokuvumelana nezimo okuhle kakhulu futhi zaziwa ngokuncishwa kwazo okuphansi kanye nekhwalithi yesignali enhle kakhulu.

20. Izintambo ezihamba emoyeni: Izintambo ezihamba emoyeni ziwuhlobo lwekhebula eliqinile elisetshenziswa ku-aerospace nezokuvikela ezidinga ukwethembeka okuphezulu nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokhahlo. Lawa makhebuli aklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nemithetho eqinile yezempi neyemboni, futhi avame ukusetshenziswa ezindizeni, ezicitshwayo, nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zasemkhathini.

21. Izintambo ze-ECX: I-ECX iwuhlobo lwentambo ye-coaxial evame ukusetshenziswa ku-Ethernet kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokudlulisa idatha. Lezi zintambo zinokuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu komsindo futhi zenzelwe ukugcina ubuqotho besignali ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa idatha ngesivinini esikhulu.

22. Izixhumi ze-D-subminiature: Izixhumi ze-D-subminiature ziwuhlobo lwesixhumi se-RF esivame ukusetshenziswa ezintanjeni ze-coaxial kumpahla kagesi, njengamakhompyutha nezinhlelo zokuxhumana. Lezi zixhumi zaziwa ngokuqina kwazo kanye nokusebenziseka kalula.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwekhebula le-coaxial nesixhumi lunezici zalo eziyingqayizivele, izinzuzo, kanye nokubi, futhi ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nokucaciswa kubalulekile lapho kukhethwa ikhebula elifanele nesixhumi sohlelo oluthile.
Ungakhetha kanjani izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF ngokusekelwe kuzinhlelo zokusebenza?
Ukukhetha intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF efanele yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ububanzi befrikhwensi, ileveli yamandla, uhlobo lwesiginali, nebanga phakathi kwemishini yokudlulisela nokwamukelayo. Nazi ezinye iziqondiso ezijwayelekile zokukhetha intambo ye-coaxial efanele yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene zokusakaza:

1. Ukusakaza kwe-UHF: Ukusakaza kwe-UHF kuvame ukusebenzisa amaza phakathi kuka-300 MHz no-3 GHz. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza ze-UHF, izintambo ezilahlekelwa kancane njenge-LMR-400 ne-RG-213 ngokuvamile ziyanconywa, njengoba zinikeza ikhwalithi yesiginali enhle kakhulu kanye nokuncishiswa okuphansi.

2. Ukusakaza kwe-VHF: Ukusakaza kwe-VHF kuvame ukusebenzisa amaza phakathi kuka-30 MHz no-300 MHz. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza ze-VHF, izintambo ezilahlekelwa kancane njenge-LMR-600 ne-RG-11 zivame ukutuswa, njengoba zinikeza ikhwalithi yesiginali enhle kakhulu kanye nokuncishiswa okuphansi.

3. Ukusakazwa kwe-FM: Ukusakaza kwe-FM ngokuvamile kusebenzisa amaza phakathi kuka-88 MHz no-108 MHz. Ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-FM, izintambo ezilahlekelwa kancane njenge-LMR-600 ne-RG-11 zivame ukutuswa, njengoba zinikeza ikhwalithi yesiginali enhle kakhulu kanye nokuncipha okuphansi.

4. AM iyasakaza: Ukusakaza kwe-AM kuvame ukusebenzisa amaza aphakathi kuka-535 kHz no-1.7 MHz. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza ze-AM, izintambo zekhwalithi ephezulu njenge-RG-8X ne-RG-58 zivame ukusetshenziswa, njengoba zifanele amasiginali wefrikhwensi ephansi futhi zibiza kancane.

5. Ukusakazwa kwe-TV: Ukusakazwa kwe-TV kuvame ukusebenzisa amafrikhwensi kumabhendi e-VHF ne-UHF, kuye ngendawo nezwe. Ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ze-TV, izintambo ezilahlekelwa kancane njenge-LMR-600 ne-RG-11 zivame ukutuswa, njengoba zinikeza ikhwalithi yesiginali enhle kakhulu kanye nokuncipha okuphansi.

Ngokuvamile, kubalulekile ukukhetha intambo ye-coaxial ene-impedance efanele (imvamisa engu-50 Ohms noma i-75 Ohms) yohlelo lokusakaza olusetshenziswayo, kanye nokuvikela okufanele nokubeka phansi. Ukucatshangelwa okwengeziwe kungase kuhlanganise ubude bekhebula eligijimayo, izindleko zekhebula, nezimo zemvelo zendawo yokufaka. Ukubonisana nonjiniyela ochwepheshe noma uchwepheshe nakho kungaba usizo ekukhetheni intambo ye-coaxial elungile yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile zokusakaza.
Ungayifaka kanjani kahle intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF ukuze usakaze?
Inqubo yokufaka intambo ye-coaxial ku-antenna yokusakaza emsakazweni nezinye izingxenye zekhebula ingahluka kuye ngohlobo oluthile lokusakaza nezinto zokusebenza ezisetshenziswayo. Nokho, nazi izinyathelo ezivamile ezingalandelwa ekufakweni okuningi:

1. Hlela Ukufakwa: Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokufaka, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukuhlelwa kwesistimu, ukunquma izinto ezidingekayo, futhi uhlole noma yiziphi izithiyo ezingaba khona noma izingozi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kuhambisana nemithetho yendawo kanye namakhodi okuphepha.

2. Faka i-Antenna: Qala ngokufaka uthi embhoshongweni endaweni ephakeme kanye nomumo oyifunayo. Vikela uthi usebenzisa ama-clamp noma enye i-hardware ekhwezwayo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isekelwe phansi ngendlela efanele.

3. Xhuma Ikhebula Lekhoaxial: Uma uthi selusendaweni, xhuma intambo ye-coaxial endaweni yokuphakelayo ye-antenna. Sebenzisa izixhumi ezifanele, ezifana Nohlobo N noma i-BNC, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukuxhumeka kuqinile futhi kuvikelekile.

4. Faka i-Surge Arrestor: Faka isivimbeli sokuhlinza noma isivikelo sombani phakathi kwe-antenna nentambo ye-coaxial ukuze uvikele ekuqhumeni kukagesi nokushaywa kombani. Isibambisi sokuhlinza kufanele simiswe ngokufanele futhi kufanele silinganiselwe ngebanga elithile lemvamisa yesistimu.

5. Qalisa Ikhebula Lekhoaxial: Qalisa ikhebula eliqinile ukusuka othini uye ekamelweni lezinto zokusebenza noma indawo yokudlulisela. Sebenzisa izinsimbi nezisekelo ezifanele ukuze uvikele ikhebula eduze kombhoshongo futhi uvimbele ukuthi inganciphisi noma ihlikihle kwezinye izinto.

6. Faka Isisetshenziswa Sokucubungula Isignali: Faka noma yiziphi izinto ezidingekayo zokucubungula amasignali, njengezihlungi noma izikhulisamsindo, endaweni yomshini wokuthumela noma egumbini lempahla. Xhuma intambo ye-coaxial kokokufaka kwemishini yokucubungula isignali.

7. Gcoba Uhlelo: Qinisekisa ukuthi lonke uhlelo lubekwe kahle ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokulimala noma ukuphazamiseka kukagesi. Gcoba intambo ye-coaxial, i-antenna, nazo zonke ezinye izingxenye zensimbi usebenzisa izinti ezifanele zokubeka phansi nezinsimbi.

Phakathi nenqubo yokufaka, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha, njengokusebenzisa okokusebenza okufanele kokuphepha nokulandela imihlahlandlela efanele yokuphepha kukagesi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola uhlelo uma ukufakwa sekuqediwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lusebenza kahle futhi luhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokusebenza ezidingekayo. Imininingwane ethile yenqubo yokufaka ingahluka kuye ngohlobo lokusakaza nezinto zokusebenza ezisetshenziswayo, ngakho ukubonisana nonjiniyela oqeqeshiwe noma uchwepheshe kungaba usizo ekuqinisekiseni ukufakwa okuyimpumelelo nokuphephile.

Izinhlobo ezimbalwa zemishini yokufaka ingasetshenziswa phakathi nenqubo yokufaka intambo ye-coaxial othini lokusakaza emsakazweni nezinye izakhi zamakhebula. Nazi ezinye ezivamile:

1. Izisetshenziswa Zokukhwela Umbhoshongo: Imishini yokugibela umbhoshongo, njengamahhanisi okuphepha, amalayadi, nama-carabiner, ibalulekile kunoma ubani okhuphuka umbhoshongo ukuze afake noma ahlole okokusebenza. Abagibeli kufanele futhi bagqoke izinto zokuzivikela ezifanele (i-PPE), njengezigqoko eziqinile nezibuko zokuphepha.

2. I-Mounting Hardware: Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezikhwezwayo, njengezinsimbi, amabhawodi, nabakaki, zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela uthi nezinye izinto endaweni embhoshongweni.

3. Ikhebula eliqinile: Ikhebula le-coaxial ngokwayo liyingxenye edingekayo yenqubo yokufaka. Uhlobo oluthile nobude bekhebula kuzoncika ohlotsheni lokusakaza nebanga phakathi kothi negumbi lezinto zokusebenza noma indawo yokusakaza.

4. Izixhumi: Izixhumi zekhebula le-coaxial, njengezixhumi zohlobo lwe-N, BNC, kanye no-F, zisetshenziselwa ukunamathisela intambo othini nezinye izinto zokusebenza.

5. Izinto Zokugawula: Izinto zokubeka phansi, njengezinduku zokubeka phansi, izinsimbi, nocingo, zisetshenziselwa ukugaya uthi lwensimbi nezinye izingxenye zensimbi ukuvimbela ukulimala noma ukuphazamiseka kukagesi.

6. Ababophe Abakhulu: Izivimbeli zokuhlinza noma izivikeli zombani zifakwe ukuze zivikele izinto zokusebenza nabasebenzi ekushayweni kombani okungaqondile noma ekuhlinzweni kukagesi.

7. Izinto Zokusebenza Zesiginali: Imishini yokucubungula amasignali, njengama-amplifiers, izihlungi, nezihlanganisi eziyingxube, ingase ifakwe njengengxenye yesistimu yokusakaza.

8. Izinsiza Zokuhlola: Imishini yokuhlola neyokulinganisa, efana namajeneretha esignali, amamitha kagesi e-RF, nezihlaziyo ze-spectrum, ingasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kahle futhi luhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokusebenza ezidingekayo.

Imishini yokufaka efanele iyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa okuyimpumelelo nokuphephile kwentambo ye-coaxial ku-antenna yokusakaza emsakazweni nezinye izingxenye zekhebula. Kubalulekile ukukhetha okokusebenza kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokulandela izinqubo ezifanele zokufaka ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokulimala noma ukulimala.
Yini ehlukanisa ikhebuli ye-RF ye-coaxial yezohwebo neleveli yomthengi?
Ngokuvamile, kunomehluko eminingana phakathi kwezintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF ezentengiselwano kanye nezintambo ze-RF coaxial ezingeni labathengi kumongo wokusakazwa komsakazo. Nansi eminye yomehluko obalulekile:

1. Izinhlobo zamakhebula amakhoaxial asetshenziswayo: Izintambo ze-coaxial zezentengiso ze-RF zivame ukuba phezulu futhi zikhethekile kakhulu kunezintambo ezisezingeni lomthengi, futhi zingafaka izinhlobo ezifana ne-LMR, i-Heliax, nezinye izinhlobo ezikhethekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izintambo ze-coaxial ezingeni labathengi, ngokuvamile ziyinjongo evamile futhi zingafaka izinhlobo ezifana ne-RG-6 ne-RG-59.

2. Izinzuzo kanye nokubi: Izintambo ze-coaxial zezentengiso ze-RF zivame ukuba nokusebenza okuphezulu futhi zenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile, ezingaholela kukhwalithi engcono yesignali nokulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zintambo zivame ukubiza kakhulu futhi zingadinga ubuchwepheshe obuningi ukuze zifakwe futhi zigcinwe. Izintambo ze-coaxial ezingeni labathengi ngokuvamile zithengeka kakhulu futhi kulula ukuzifaka, kodwa zinganikeza ukusebenza okuphansi futhi zingase zingalungeli ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile.

3. Amanani: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-coaxial zezentengiso ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu kunezintambo ezisezingeni lomthengi, njengoba zakhelwe ukusebenza okuphezulu nezisetshenziswa ezikhethekile. Amanani angahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwekhebula, ubude obudingekayo, nezinye izici.

I-4. Izicelo: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-coaxial zezentengiso zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza ezichwepheshile lapho kudingeka khona amasiginali aphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu, njengeziteshi ze-TV nemisakazo. Izintambo ze-coaxial ezingeni labathengi zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuzijabulisa zasekhaya, njenge-cable TV noma i-TV yesathelayithi.

Ukusebenza: Izintambo ze-coaxial zezentengiso ze-RF ngokuvamile ziklanyelwe ukunikeza ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi, ukuvikela okuphezulu, namandla okubamba amandla aphezulu, okungaholela kukhwalithi engcono yesignali nokuthembeka. Izintambo ze-coaxial ezingeni labathengi zingase zinganikezi izinga elifanayo lokusebenza, futhi zingase zibe sengozini yomsindo nokuphazamiseka.

6. Izakhiwo: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-coaxial zezentengiselwano ngokuvamile zimangelengele futhi zihlala isikhathi eside kunezintambo ezisezingeni labathengi, ezinokufakwa okushubile nesivikelo ukuze zivikeleke ezimeni zemvelo ezifana nesimo sezulu, amazinga okushisa aphakeme, kanye nengcindezi yomzimba. Izintambo ezisezingeni labathengi ngokuvamile zilula futhi zivumelana nezimo, okwenza kube lula ukuzifaka kusistimu yokuzijabulisa yasekhaya.

7. Imvamisa: Izintambo ze-coaxial zezentengiso ze-RF zivame ukuklanywa ukuthi zibambe amaza aphezulu kunezintambo ezisezingeni lomthengi, ezingase zidingeke ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezinomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu ezifana nokusakaza kwe-TV nomsakazo. Izintambo ezisezingeni labathengi zingase zingabi nobubanzi obufanayo befrikhwensi futhi zingase zingalungeli zonke izinhlobo zamasiginali.

8. Ukufaka, Ukulungisa, Nokunakekela: Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-coaxial zezentengiso zingase zidinge ubuchwepheshe obuningi ukuze zifakwe, zilungiswe, futhi zigcinwe kunezintambo ezisezingeni labathengi, njengoba ngokuvamile zikhethekile kakhulu futhi zingadinga amathuluzi namasu akhethekile. Izintambo ezisezingeni labathengi ngokuvamile kulula ukuzifaka futhi zingatholakala ezitolo eziningi zikagesi, futhi zingashintshwa kalula uma zonakele.

Kafushane, izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zezentengiselwano kanye nezintambo ze-coaxial ezingeni labathengi zinezinzuzo ezahlukene kanye nokubi, amanani, izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukusebenza, izakhiwo, imvamisa, ukufakwa, ukulungiswa, nokucatshangelwa kokulungisa, kuye ngohlobo lohlelo lokusakaza kanye nezinga lokusebenza elidingekayo. . Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwentambo ye-coaxial yohlelo oluthile kuzoncika ezintweni ezifana nezindleko, izidingo zokusebenza, kanye nokulula kokufaka.
Yiziphi izintambo ezivamile ze-RF coaxial zama-transmitters okusakaza?
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF ezisetshenziselwa ukusakaza ama-transmitter ku-AM, i-TV, i-UHF, i-VHF, njll. Uhlobo lwentambo ye-coaxial esetshenziswayo luncike kumafrikhwensi, ileveli yamandla, nezinye izidingo zesidluliseli esithile.

Ngokwezinga lamandla, ama-transmitters asakaza amandla aphansi ngokuvamile asebenzisa intambo ye-coaxial ye-RG-59 noma i-RG-6, kuyilapho abasakazi bamandla aphakathi nendawo bangasebenzisa i-RG-213/U noma i-LMR-400 intambo ye-coaxial. Ama-transmitter okusakaza anamandla amakhulu angadinga izintambo ezikhethekile ze-coaxial ezifana ne-HELIAX noma i-EC4-50.

Uhlobo lwesixhumi esisetshenziswe kukhebula le-coaxial nalo luyahlukahluka kuye ngezidingo zomshini othize. Ezinye izinhlobo zezixhumi ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziswa kuzidluliseli zokusakaza zifaka i-BNC, i-N-Type, ne-7/16 DIN.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezintambo ze-RF coaxial ezisetshenziswa ekusakazeni:

- RG-59: Lena intambo ye-coaxial engu-75 Ohm evame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza zamandla amancane, njengokufakwa kwe-cable TV ne-CCTV.

- RG-6: Lena futhi intambo ye-coaxial engu-75 Ohm esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza zamandla aphansi, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-cable TV.

- RG-213/U: Lena intambo ye-coaxial engu-50 Ohm evame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusakaza zamandla aphakathi nendawo, njengokufakwa komsakazo weselula.

- LMR-400: Le intambo ye-coaxial engu-50 Ohm elahlekelwe kancane evame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla aphakathi nendawo, njengokusakaza i-TV.

- HELIAX: Lena intambo ye-coaxial enamandla amakhulu edizayinelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezifunwa kakhulu, njengokusakaza kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokufakwa kwamaselula.

- EC4-50: Le intambo ye-coaxial elahlekelwa kancane eklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza ezinamandla aphezulu, njengeziteshi ze-FM ne-TV.

Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zezintambo ze-coaxial uhlanganisa i-impedance yazo, izici zokulahlekelwa, namandla okuvikela. Ngokuvamile, izintambo ezinokulahlekelwa okuphansi namandla okuvikela aphezulu zifaneleka kangcono izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphezulu, kuyilapho izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphansi zingadinga izintambo ezinezindleko eziphansi nezisebenza kancane.

Kodwa-ke, izintambo ze-RF coaxial zalezi zinhlobo ezishiwo ziyimikhiqizo ejwayelekile engasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zokusakaza, okuhlanganisa i-FM, AM, TV, nezinye izithutha. Izidingo eziqondile zekhebula, njenge-impedance, i-VSWR, nobude, zingahluka kuye ngokuthi isicelo nesidlulisi esisetshenziswayo, kodwa izinhlobo ezifanayo zezintambo ngokuvamile zingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusakaza ezihlukene. Izintengo zingase futhi zihluke kuye ngezinto ezifana nobude, ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo, nezinqubo zokukhiqiza.
Yini engase yehluleke intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF ekusebenzeni?
Kunezimo ezimbalwa, izizathu, noma ukusebenza kwamanuwali okungalungile okungase kubangele ukuhluleka kwentambo ye-coaxial ye-RF. Nazi ezimbalwa ezivamile:

1. Izintambo ezigobile noma ezikhiyiwe: Ukugoba noma ukuhlanganisa intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF kungabangela ukulimala ku-coaxial yangaphakathi kanye nesivikelo, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwesignali noma ezinye izinkinga. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi uphatha izintambo ngokucophelela futhi ugweme ukugoba ngokucijile.

2. Izixhumi ezingalungile: Ukusebenzisa uhlobo olungalungile lwesixhumi noma ukusebenzisa izixhumi ezingafakwanga kahle kungabangela ukulahleka kwesignali noma ezinye izinkinga. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa uhlobo olulungile lwesixhumi kukhebula yakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ifakwe kahle.

3. Izici zezemvelo: Ukuchayeka ekushiseni okwedlulele, kubanda, kumswakama, noma ezinye izici zemvelo kungabangela umonakalo kukhebula noma izixhumi zayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, zama ukugcina izintambo endaweni ehlanzekile, eyomile futhi ezinzile.

4. Ukucindezeleka kwemishini: Ukudonsa, ukwelula, noma ukubeka ingcindezi eningi kukhebula kungabangela umonakalo kumqhubi wangaphakathi kanye nesivikeli, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesignali noma ezinye izinkinga. Qiniseka ukuthi ugwema ukusebenzisa amandla amaningi noma ukungezwani kukhebuli.

5. Ukuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic (EMI): Amaleveli aphezulu e-EMI avela kuma-elekthronikhi aseduze angabangela ukuphazamiseka nokulahlekelwa kwesignali kukhebuli yakho. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, zama ukugcina izintambo zikude nemithombo ye-EMI, noma sebenzisa izintambo ezivikelekile uma kunesidingo.

Ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokwehluleka, kubalulekile ukuphatha izintambo ngokucophelela, ukusebenzisa izixhumi ezifanele, uzigcine endaweni ezinzile, ugweme ukucindezeleka komshini, futhi unciphise ukuchayeka ku-EMI. Ukwengeza, ukuhlola njalo izintambo ukuze kubonakale izimpawu zomonakalo noma ukuguga nokuklebhuka kungasiza ekuboneni noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe izinkinga ezinkulu.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi uyigcine kanjani intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF?
Nawa amanye amathiphu okuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle futhi ulondoloze intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF ukuze kwandiswe ithemba layo lokuphila:

1. Khetha uhlobo olulungile lwekhebuli yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza: Ukusebenzisa uhlobo olulungile lwekhebula kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhebuli iyakwazi ukuphatha amaza adingekayo namaleveli amandla.

2. Phatha izintambo ngokucophelela: Gwema ukugoba, ukugoba, noma ukwelula ikhebula, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele umonakalo kumqhubi wangaphakathi kanye nesivikelo. Qiniseka ukuthi uyisekela kahle ikhebula, ikakhulukazi uma uxhuma.

3. Sebenzisa izixhumi ezifanele: Sebenzisa uhlobo olulungile lwesixhumi kukhebula yakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ifakwe kahle, ngaphandle kokuxhumeka okuxekethile noma ukucindezeleka okungadingekile kukhebula.

4. Gcina izintambo zihlanzekile futhi zomile: Uthuli, ukungcola, umswakama, nokunye ukungcola kungabangela umonakalo noma ukugqwala kukhebula noma izixhumi zayo. Hlanza njalo futhi uhlole izintambo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zisesimweni esihle.

5. Nciphisa ukuchayeka ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic (EMI): Amazinga aphezulu e-EMI avela kwezinye izinto zikagesi noma izithumeli eziseduze angabangela ukuphazamiseka nokulahlekelwa kwesignali. Gcina izintambo zikude nemithombo ye-EMI, noma sebenzisa izintambo ezivikelekile uma kudingeka.

6. Njalo hlola izintambo ukuze uthole izimpawu zokulimala noma ukuguga: Hlola izintambo ukuze uthole izimpawu zokubola, ama-kinks, noma omunye umonakalo ongase uphazamise ukusebenza kwawo. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe izinkinga ezinkulu.

7. Hlola amakhebuli ngezikhathi ezithile: Sebenzisa isihloli se-RF ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwezintambo zakho ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zisebenza kahle. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni noma yikuphi ukwehlisa izinga lesignali noma ezinye izinkinga.

Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo, ungasiza ukwandisa isikhathi okulindeleke ukuba siphile sentambo yakho ye-RF coaxial futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isebenza ngendlela enokwethenjelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zenziwa kanjani futhi ekugcineni zifakwe?
Izintambo ze-coaxial ze-RF zenziwa ngenqubo yezigaba eziningi ezihlanganisa ukukhethwa kwezinto, ukuhlanganisa ikhebula, ukuhlolwa, nokufakwa. Nakhu ukubuka konke okujwayelekile kwesigaba ngasinye senqubo nezinto zokusebenza ezingasetshenziswa:

1. Ukukhetha izinto: Isinyathelo sokuqala sokwenza i-RF coaxial cable ukukhetha izinto ezizosetshenziswa. Lokhu ngokuvamile kufaka i-copper noma i-aluminium yangaphakathi yekhondatha, isivikeli se-dielectric, kanye ne-conductor yangaphandle eyenziwe ngocingo olulukiweyo noma i-foil.

2. Ukuhlanganisa Ikhebula: Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlanganisa ikhebula ngokusonta umqhubi wangaphakathi nge-insulator ye-dielectric bese uyisonga ngomqhubi wangaphandle. Uma ikhebula selihlanganisiwe, izixhumi zivame ukunamathiselwa ekugcineni ngakunye.

Izinsiza ezisetshenzisiwe:

- Intambo yethusi noma i-aluminium yomqhubi wangaphakathi
- Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ze-dielectric, njenge-PTFE, PE, FEP, noma i-PVC
- Umshini wokuluka noma umshini wokugoqa we-foil womqhubi wangaphandle
- Izixhumi kanye namathuluzi crimping ukunamathisela izixhumi ekupheleni ngamunye

3. Ukuhlolwa: Uma ikhebula selihlanganisiwe, kufanele lihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lihlangabezana nezimfuneko zikagesi ezidingekayo zohlelo oluhlosiwe. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlola i-impedance, ukulahlekelwa kokufaka, nezinye izici.

Izinsiza ezisetshenzisiwe:

- Abahlaziyi benethiwekhi bokuhlola i-impedance yekhebula nokulahlekelwa kokufaka
- Abahlaziyi be-Spectrum bokulinganisa amandla esignali nokuhlaziya impendulo yefrikhwensi
- Izibonisi zesizinda sesikhathi (TDRs) zokuthola amaphutha kukhebula

Ukulethwa kwamakhebula e-RF coaxial ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukupakisha izintambo nokuzithumela ekhasimendeni noma kumsabalalisi. Ngokuya ngendawo okuyiwa kuyo nendlela yokulethwa, kungase kube nokucatshangelwa okwengeziwe okuhlobene nokupakisha nokuthumela izintambo:

4. Ukupakisha: Ukuze kuvikelwe amakhebuli ngesikhathi sokuthutha, avame ukupakishwa ngendlela evimbela ukulimala noma ukuhlangana. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukugoqa izintambo ngobunono nokuwaqinisa ngamabhande noma othayi.

5. Ukuthumela: Indlela yokuthumela esetshenzisiwe izoncika endaweni kanye nokuphuthuma kwe-oda. Kumabanga amade noma ukuthunyelwa phesheya kwezilwandle, izintambo zingathunyelwa ngomoya noma ngempahla yasolwandle. Amakhebuli angase futhi athunyelwe ngezinto zokuhamba eziya phansi ezindaweni ezikude.

Izinsiza ezisetshenzisiwe:

- Umshini wokuhlanganisa ikhebula wokugoqa ngobunono ikhebula
- Imishini yokubopha ikhebula noma othayi be-zip ukuze kuvikelwe izintambo endaweni
- Izinto zokupakisha ezifana nokugoqwa kwebhamuza, izimvilophu ezigoqiwe noma amabhokisi okuvikela izintambo ngesikhathi sokuthutha.

I-6. Ukufaka: Uma ikhebuli seyenziwe futhi yahlolwa, ingafakwa ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokusakaza. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhambisa ikhebula ngamapayipi noma ezinye izakhiwo zokuvikela, ukwenza ukuxhumana phakathi kwekhebula nesidlulisi noma uthi, nokuvikela intambo endaweni.

Izinsiza ezisetshenzisiwe:

- Amathuluzi omzila wekhebula njengamateyipu ezinhlanzi noma izidonsa zezintambo
- Amathuluzi eCrimping okunamathisela izixhumi nezinye izesekeli zekhebula
- Izinsiza zokuhlenga ukuze uvikele ikhebula endaweni
- Ipayipi elivikelayo noma ijakhethi ukuvikela ikhebula ezintweni zemvelo

Sekukonke, inqubo yokwenza nokufaka intambo ye-coaxial ye-RF ibandakanya uhla lwemishini ekhethekile nobungcweti. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nochwepheshe abanolwazi noma onjiniyela ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ikhebula lenziwe futhi lifakwe ngendlela efanele futhi lihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile zesistimu yakho yokusakaza.

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